Research Institute of Radio

The humerus is the longest and largest bone in the upper extremity. It articulates proximally with the scapula and distally with the elbow or antebrachium. The proximal end of the humerus has a rounded head (caput humeri) that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral joint. Distal to the humeral head is the anatomical neck, which appears as an oblique groove. Distal to the anatomical neck is the greater tubercle. The greater tubercle is the most palpable lateral landmark of the humerus in the shoulder region. Between the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle is a groove called the intertubercular sulcus. The primary function of the humerus is to provide attachment for arm muscles and support various physical functions of the arm. A fracture is a condition in which the continuity of bone and cartilage is disrupted due to impact or osteoporosis. Multiple fractures are a condition in which the continuity of bone tissue is lost in more than one line. This study aims to produce an optimal radiographic image of the left humerus with suspected Multiple Fractures of the Middle 1/3 of the Humerus, so that the photo results can be used as accurate results for further treatment. This study was conducted at the Radiology Installation of Drs. H. Amri Tambunan Regional General Hospital, the research time was in April 2025, the research method used was the interview method, and direct observation. Examination of the left humerus with suspected Multiple Fractures of the Middle 1/3 of the Humerus was carried out using Antero-Posterior and Lateral projections. In this examination the author used a general X-ray unit, with the image recording process using digital radiography (DR).

Introduction: Emergency Department (ED) overcrowding, often exacerbated by prolonged patient length of stay (LOS), is a global challenge. Patients presenting with suspected fractures, many of whom are triaged as low-acuity, contribute significantly to the ED burden. Radiographer-led discharge (RLD), supported by artificial intelligence (AI), presents a potential strategy to streamline care, reduce LOS, and maintain diagnostic safety. Methods: This multi-centre, retrospective study evaluates whether diagnostic radiographers, assisted by the radiological AI decision support tool RBfracture 2.6, can safely discharge patients with no acute skeletal or joint injury. Fifteen radiographers from three countries will independently assess 340 retrospective radiographic examinations (300 consecutive and 40 enriched with rare findings). Referral notes and AI predictions are available. Reference standards are established by consensus among three MSK radiologists/reporting radiographers. Primary outcomes include ED workload reduction (true negatives) and false negative rate. Secondary outcomes will assess AI standalone performance and inter-country comparison. Results: The primary object is to evaluate whether diagnostic radiographers from three different countries, assisted by the AI tool Rbfracture 2.6, can safely reduce the emergency department (ED) workload by discharging patients without acute skeletal or joint injuries, specifically those referred with suspected bone fracture or joint dislocation. A secondary objective is to validate the performance of RBfracture 2.6 in detecting fractures, joint dislocations, elbow effusions, knee effusions, and knee lipohemarthrosis.

The rapid growth of Internet of Things (IoT) devices poses new challenges for secure and scalable device authentication. Deep learning-based specific emitter identification (SEI) has shown promise by extracting unique features from radio frequency (RF) signals. However, its performance often degrades under varying channel conditions, as models trained on channel-specific data exhibit poor generalization. To address this, we propose a channel-distortion-agnostic SEI framework based on decentralized learning. The method enables multiple distributed clients to collaboratively train a global model without sharing raw RF data, thereby preserving privacy and reducing communication overhead. An adaptive model aggregation strategy is introduced to mitigate client heterogeneity by weighting local updates based on data characteristics. Additionally, we incorporate realistic RF impairments, including DC offset, IQ imbalance, and power amplifier nonlinearity, to simulate practical transmitter conditions. Extensive experiments under diverse wireless channels demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms baselines, achieving superior accuracy and robustness across heterogeneous environments.

In this paper, artefacts from the Irchinsky burial ground are published. The site was excavated in 1969 by V.A. Mogilnikov in the northern forest-steppe of the Omsk region of the Irtysh River (Bolsherechensky district, vicinity of the Bolshemurly village). A total of seven burials from four barrows were examined. The artefacts are represented by pieces of horse harness (bit, stirrup, plaques, buckles, clamps, overlays), individual household items (adze, pottery of the Bakal and Potchevash types), weapons (arrowheads), and jewellery (beads, pendants, parts of a belt set). The burial rite is characterized by inhumations performed in oval and subrectangular pits oriented along the west-east line, accompanied by traces of ritual activities on a platform of the barrow (cremations, remains of animals). Based on the specifics of the artifact sets, the burial ground reflects a lengthy period of development, from at least the 7th/8th to 13th centuries. The Irchinsky necropolis demonstrates the integration of steppe traditions into the local historical and cultural context.

Appendicitis is a common surgical emergency marked by inflammation of the appendix, often due to blockage of the appendix lumen by fecoliths, lymphoid hyperplasia, or neoplasms. While various causes are known, appendicitis triggered by a foreign body (FB) is exceptionally rare. This case report highlights a rare presentation of appendicitis in a 32-year-old male with no significant medical history, who presented with acute lower right abdominal pain, fever, and vomiting. Initial evaluation suggested appendicitis, further supported by laboratory findings and diagnostic imaging revealing a retrocecal appendix with surrounding inflammation. Remarkably, an FB, a fish bone, was discovered lodged within the perforated appendix, elucidating the unusual etiology. Emergency laparotomy confirmed the diagnosis and facilitated prompt surgical intervention. This case underscores the importance of thorough evaluation and consideration of uncommon causes in patients presenting with acute abdominal pain, illustrating the critical role of detailed history-taking and clinical acumen in guiding management decisions and ensuring favorable patient outcomes.

Introduction. Radar stations for surveillance of airborne objects operating in the shortwave range are characterized by a number of limited technical characteristics, one of which is the azimuth viewing sector. The use of a linear antenna array (AR) as a receiving array provides the viewing angle of only up to 60°. When modernizing the station, this limitation was removed by applying an AR with a ring structure (currently a multi-ring AR is used). In practice, after performing a number of spatial processing algorithms, the operator obtains the azimuth, range, and speed of the observed object. However, due to the peculiarities of shortwave signal propagation, the accuracy of measuring these parameters does not ensure stable tracking of airborne objects. The use of multi-ring ARs also allows the elevation angle to be measured with a subsequent calculation of the height of the object.Aim. Analysis of the phase distribution of the incident wave at the aperture of a multi-ring AR, as well as spatial processing of the received signal using the phase direction finding method to improve the accuracy of elevation angle measurements.Materials and methods. Computer simulation in the MATLAB environment was carried out to form phase distributions on the elements of a multi-ring array, to calculate the elevation angle using the phase method, and to form portraits of the surveyed object. This environment has been successfully used to solve a wide range of problems of varying complexity in both industry and research fields.Results. The possibility of using the phase method of direction finding of a radiation source to improve the accuracy of elevation angle measurement is demonstrated based on the conducted computer simulation. The obtained results were verified on the example of surveying an airborne object by a shortwave radar station.Conclusion. The results obtained proved the relevance of using the phase method when performing spatial signal processing by a shortwave radar station. The proposed method made it possible to eliminate the ambiguity in measuring the elevation angle and to increase the accuracy of its determination, which is a new result in relation to the systems under consideration.

The influence of computed tomography (CT) slice thickness on the accuracy of deep learning (DL)-based, automatic coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring software has not been explored yet. This retrospective study included 844 subjects (477 men, mean age of 58.9±10.7 years) who underwent electrocardiogram (ECG)-gated CAC scoring CT scans with 1.5 and 3 mm slice thickness values between September 2013 and October 2020. Automatic CAC scoring was performed using DL-based software (3D patch-based U-Net architectures). Manual CAC scoring was set as the reference standard. The reliability of automatic CAC scoring was evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for both the 1.5 and 3 mm datasets. The agreement of CAC severity categories [Agatston score (AS) 0, 1-100, 101-400, >400] between automatic CAC scoring and the reference standard was analyzed using weighted kappa (κ) statistics for both 1.5 and 3 mm datasets. The CAC scoring agreement between the automatic CAC scoring and reference standard was excellent (ICC 0.982 for 1.5 mm, 0.969 for 3 mm, respectively). The categorical agreement of CAC severity between two methods was excellent for both 1.5 and 3 mm scans, with better agreement for 3 mm scans (weighted κ: 0.851 and 0.961, 95% confidence intervals: 0.823-0.879 and 0.945-0.974, respectively). Automatic CAC scoring shows excellent agreement with the reference standard for both 1.5 and 3 mm scans but results in lower agreement in the CAC severity category for 1.5 mm scans.

To study the S-parameters and dielectric permittivity of polycor and GaAs samples, a vector network analyzer R4-MWM-118 with a special measuring cell and a modified Nicholson–Ross–Weir method were used. The use of polynomial Chebyshev criteria in R4-MWM-118 for approximation in digital filtering made it possible to reduce the distortion of the achieved approximations of S-parameters. The use of digital filtering made it possible to eliminate the subjective error of the operator in the analysis and measurements with the presence of a “noise” component, to improve qualitatively the perception of the amplitude-frequency characteristic and to exclude uninformative changes in the instrument readings at any point in the frequency range. The dependences of the amplitudes and phases of the transmission and reflection coefficients, as well as the dielectric permittivity of the samples under study on the frequency in the range 78.33–118.10 GHz are obtained.