Roszheldorproject (Russia)

The article, prepared as part of a dissertation research on developing a methodology for 3D spatial modelling and visualization of a specific type of natural and anthropogenic environmental objects using geographic information systems (GIS), examines and characterizes the identification features of these modelling objects. The advancement of computer technologies naturally leads to the improvement of modelling tools and methods. A special role is played by the creation of cartographic models through GIS. It has been established that certain natural and anthropogenic objects cannot be adequately modelled or visualized using standard methods due to the unavailability of their shape and dimensions for direct measurement. Their preliminary identification and separation from the surrounding environment is a crucial task for enhancing spatial modelling and mapping technologies that utilize GIS. To identify these objects, the author proposes a system of three criteria, including the criterion of spatial localization, the criterion of implicit localization and the criterion of spatial configuration. A key feature is parametric (essential) demarcation — a method for determining object boundaries based on measurements of key parameters in accordance with research classifications. Examples of objects classified as this specific type include: airborne impurity clouds, placer deposits of valuable minerals (or useful components), soil and ground contamination bodies. The conducted research aims to develop GIS tools and improve the accuracy of modelling spatially distributed objects that are difficult to identify.

Abstract Concrete and reinforced concrete structures have been the basis of construction all over the world for many decades. However, concrete is an elastic–plastic (brittle) material and cracking occurs when its fibers are stretched. The results of the extensive research of Russian and foreign specialists have shown that the problem of early cracking of concrete can be solved by reinforcing its stretched fibers with steel rebar or dispersed reinforcement. At the same time, fiber concrete (dispersed reinforced concrete) opens up the possibility of creating structures with predetermined properties. Analysis of numerous studies has shown that fiber concrete structures are designed for both static and dynamic loads. However, the question of the fiber concrete behavior under cyclic load (which is typical for the majority of railway infrastructure structures) has not been fully studied. In the presented article, the behavior of fiber concrete specimens under cyclic load is investigated. The specimens are reinforced with steel, polypropylene and basalt fiber. The results of tests are plotted as a function of cycles’ number for load, fatigue curves in each series. Experimental tests have shown that the sample reinforced with steel fiber has the highest strength characteristics under cyclic loading. The sample reinforced with polypropylene fiber has the lowest strength characteristics.KeywordsDispersion-reinforced concreteSteel fiberBasalt fiberPolypropylene fiberCyclic loads

Abstract Background: The currently available scoring methods for enthesitis are often measures of pain but not of inflammation at entheseal sites. The Outcome Measures in Rheumatology Clinical Trials (OMERACT) psoriatic arthritis (PsA) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scoring system (PsAMRIS) assesses inflammation and damage in PsA and was particularly developed for the hands. The ACHILLES trial used clinical measures for heel enthesitis in combination with MRI scoring based on PsAMRIS.Methods: Patients (age ≥ 18 years) with spondyloarthritis (SpA) and PsA were included in the trial if they presented with clinical and MRI-positive heel enthesitis. MRI of the affected heel was performed at three time points: screening, Week 24 and Week 52. Inflammatory MRI findings (tendinitis, bursitis and bone marrow oedema [BME]) in the area of the Achilles tendon and/or plantar aponeurosis, periarticular inflammation of the ankle joint and heel erosion were assessed qualitatively (absent/present). In addition, BME and bone erosion were quantitatively assessed based on PsAMRIS, where their proportion was compared to the volume of the affected bone. Mean scores of BME and bone erosion quantification were calculated, and the mean composite score (based on PsAMRIS) was calculated based on the individual score of each subject for periarticular inflammation, BME and bone erosion and further extended for bursitis and tendinitis. Modifications to PsAMRIS were introduced by categorising oedema length as ≤/> 0.5 cm and locating bone erosion.Conclusions: In ACHILLES, MRI was used to assess and evaluate heel enthesitis. Due to the lack of a validated scoring system for heel enthesitis at the time of ACHILLES initiation, this trial applied quantitative scoring based on PsAMRIS, with specific adaptations for the heel.Trial registration: National Clinical Trial Registry, NCT02771210. Registered 13 May 2016. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02771210

In the contemporary world of global digitalization, a problem arises concerning compliance of the marshalling process control systems with the modern requirements. To solve the problem, a Train Breaking-Up Control System “SURS GTSS” has been developed, which permits to control the hump automation and remote control devices using microelectronic technology. The system provides for safety of shunting at a gravity hump yard and improves quality of train breaking-up. At the same time, the operating expenses, engineering, construction, and commissioning periods and labor hours decrease, and relay equipment is almost missing. As a result, the preset hump capacity parameters are achieved, service and system troubleshooting quality improves. The article describes the system structure, provides a description of the system components with their functionality, and shows a block diagram of a hardware package of the Hump Microprocessor-Based Interlocking “GMC GTSS” subsystem. Remote control diagrams are also presented for electric switch machines, humping and shunting signals, hump retarders are presented. A structure of the asset controllers governing the devices is described.

The study of the processes leading to the formation of sinkholes on the surface of the earth on the territory of Moscow began in the late 60s of the last century. To date, 42 karst-suffusion funnels have been identified. Analysis of all the studied city sinkholes with their confirmedassociation with the ancient karst showed that their average size of these forms in the plan is 13.1 m, varying from 1.5 to 53 m. At the same time, all calculations of possible diameters of the sinkholes made during engineering-geological surveys in Moscow are usually reduced tovalues less than 3 m, less often they reach 5 – 6 m. The overwhelming number of specialists speak about the urgent need to change and improve the content of the set of rules in terms of engineering-geological surveys in karst areas. Existing calculation models are often usedunreasonably, often the result is tailored to the “necessary” values for designing engineers and builders. Hazard assessment of modern karstsuffosion processes, carried out on the basis of the “Hazard maps of ancient karst forms and modern karst-suffusion processes” (scale 1:10000) created by the specialists of the Sergeev Institute of Environmental Geoscience RAS and the State Unitary Enterprise Mosgorgeotrest in 2012, which determines the need for regional zoning using more meaningful criteria. The paper proposes a new approach, which takes intoaccount the results of the typification of geological-hydrogeological conditions of 42 karst-suffusion sinkholes formed in Moscow. In this case, the hazard prediction is carried out on the basis of an analysis of natural conditions, where a hazardous process has already beenimplemented with access to the surface in the form of such sinkholes.

MPI-powered computations are extremely time-efficient. Thereby, parallel computation of reliability algorithms would allow us to provide rapid response to changes in technical conditions of artificial constructions.

In this paper on the example of continuous spans of bridges the asymmetry influence of the scheme on the frequency and forms of natural oscillations is investigated. It is shown that under certain span lengths of regular schemes the use of them to determine the span frequencies is possible.