Royal University of Fine Arts

Background of study: Ḥalāl industry is an emerging sector with great potential for growth and economic development in Nigeria. The large Muslim population is a driving factor that creates opportunities for its growth to improve the national economy. However, these opportunities, as well as the impeding challenges, have still been poorly understood.Aims and scope of paper: This paper seeks to examine the opportunities and challenges posed by the Ḥalāl industry in Nigeria. It provides a comprehensive review of the sector, outlining its structure, current state, potential for growth and the intimidating challenges.Methods: The paper draws data from both primary and secondary sources; obtained from interviews, industry literature, and government reports.Result: The results show that although Nigeria has a lot of promise because of its Muslim consumer base, agricultural products, and enterprising populace, the sector is still fragmented. Lack of public knowledge, poor infrastructure, low adherence to international ḥalāl norms, and the absence of a national ḥalāl authority are some of the main obstacles. However, prospects in export markets, agro-processing, Islamic financing assistance, youth-led entrepreneurship, and regional trade agreements like the AfCFTA.Conclusion: The research concludes that, driven by the large Muslim population in Nigeria, the ḥalāl industry has strong potential to boost economic growth through local production, greater exports, and tourism development.

The study aims to extent the educational institution reform for the quality of high schools in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. The study challenges, ranging from climate change and skill mismatch to global terrorism. Moreover, the unfolding Fourth Industrial Revolution requires new skills for young people.The research design: Qualitative approach was the main supplemented by the quantitative method. RQ1, RQ2, RQ3 were developed from an extensive literature review related to the study. 286 panelists with heterogeneous characteristics: sex, nationality, qualification, working seniority, specialization, was invited to conduct in the survey (Yamane Formula, 1976). The study's findings, based on a sample predominantly composed of male teachers (72%) and deputy school directors (42.5%) primarily from public institutions (71%), reveal the substantial impact of a specific leadership style on employee performance within Cambodia's educational sector. This highlights the necessity of employing a highly influential leadership approach to foster improved jobperformance. Further analysis of group discussions emphasizes the importance of student-centered learning, the use of engaging teaching methods, and the integration of technology in the classroom. However, these discussions also acknowledge key challenges, including difficulties with student focus and engagement, the need for personalized and adaptive instructional strategies, and obstacles encountered during the implementation of educational reforms. Effective management practices, characterized by clear expectations, supportive relationships, and the creation of inclusive learning environments, are identified as crucial elements for overcoming these challenges and fostering a positive educational landscape.

This case presents an atypical cystic presentation of mycetoma without sinuses or discharge. Awareness of these variations is crucial for accurate diagnosis and timely intervention, highlighting the need for healthcare professionals to consider diverse manifestations of mycetoma. Mycetoma is a chronic and debilitating infectious disease characterized by localized swellings and granulomatous lesions. It primarily affects individuals in tropical and subtropical regions and is caused by certain fungi or bacteria. While mycetoma typically presents with sinuses and discharge, this case report presents a unique cystic presentation without these features. The patient, a 12-year-old female from Sudan, presented with a painless swelling on the dorsum of her right foot. Physical examination revealed a round, non-tender, and fluctuant mass. Histopathological examination confirmed actinomycetoma caused by Streptomyces somaliensis. The patient was successfully treated with a combination of antibiotherapy. This atypical presentation underscores the need for healthcare professionals to consider uncommon variations of mycetoma for accurate diagnosis and management.

Concepts from emerging relational/intersubjective perspectives elaborate a definition, understanding, and clinical approach to dissociation consistent with their paradigms. They cast new light upon dissociation as a long underappreciated and often overlooked (primarily characterological) defense. While some embrace the extension of these ideas into work with the formal dissociative disorders, others think that that this development risked conveying both an incomplete picture of dissociation as a defense and contributing to a potential misunderstanding of these conditions and their treatment. This report summarizes conversation between the late Philip M. Bromberg and the author of this paper as they worked to clarify and reconcile their divergent perspectives on several relevant issues.

Cet article est consacré à l’étude d’une série de marqueurs discursifs (MD) liés à la notion de « perception » dans trois langues : le français, le russe et le khmer. Il est composé de trois parties. La première propose une hypothèse sur la notion de « perception ». La seconde décrit les MD analysés d’un double point de vue : celui de leur appartenance à tel ou tel type de MD (MD point de vue, MD catégorisant, MD particule) et celui de la sémantique des unités formant le MD, cette sémantique fondant la singularité des MD dans les trois langues. La troisième partie décrit les valeurs des différents MD dans chacune des langues (pour les MD du khmer et du russe, il est proposé une glose et un commentaire qui visent à rendre compte de leur spécificité). La conclusion propose une synthèse des différences entre les MD des trois langues.

This paper aims to introduce the Decision Support System (DSS), which is an area informatics approach to area studies, and the research network complex based on DSS's application in Thailand. In particular, the paper presents and discusses current activities of the DSS research network at the national level in Thailand rather than being a theoretical and analytical study of the DSS mechanism or its cases. DSS has wide applications in Thailand, extending to various fields such as agricultural and natural resource management, economic and social management, historical and cultural preservation, and so on. DSS generally refers to a support system embedded into a computer system for providing intellectual resources with the appropriate numerical model necessary for decision making in production activities. Agricultural and natural resources have been the foundation of social and economic development in Thailand since the country's first national plan in the1960s. Decision making to maintain agricultural productivity as well as to protect natural resources requires well-integrated data sets. The Thailand Research Fund(TRF) established a DSS research and development network (TRF-DSS) in 2002 to help various research teams in Thailand develop DSS tools and components for addressing agricultural and natural resource management issues. Using a "systems"approach, the DSS framework allows researchers and users to identify and integrate key components as well as to define databases and model-base management systems. This paper focuses on the TRF-DSS research and development network, which consists of 12 universities, two line agencies in Thailand, and a line agency in Cambodia. During 2002–10, a total of 59 research projects were granted a budget allocation of 140.1 million baht, and a budget of 15.4 million baht was allocated to support activities of the network. In addition, 10 projects were funded to carry out post-project activities, with a total budget of 1.5 million baht. More than 20 DSS tools were developed and implemented by various users, ranging from policy makers to provincial and local government agencies engaged in short- and long-term planning and management. Most DSS tools were designed to allow the integration of biophysical and socioeconomic data as well as the decision support modules for alternatives evaluation and analysis. These approaches support the choices of dynamic simulation models as well as multi-criteria analyses for modelbase software development. They also allow users to evaluate various alternatives in agricultural and natural resource management. Networking is a powerful platform for DSS research and development and maybe applied to other types of research and development agenda in Thailand, such as area study projects. DSS tools contribute to an understanding of sustainability of production systems against a background of climate change, poverty reduction, and food security.

Until recently the Mimotien complex of southeast Cambodia and adjacent Viet Nam was dated to the Neolithic. The artifact assemblages of circular earthworks with outer walls and inner ditches consisted only of ceramic and stone artifacts: absolute dating of the organic temper of the pottery did not yield reliable results. Other organic material and metal artifacts have not been preserved due to the acidity of the red tropical soil with a pH value of less than 4. In 1998 and 2000, fragments of five glass bangles were discovered in the upper part of the excavation but well within the occupational layer of the earthwork Krek 52/62. The chemical composition of the translucent green bracelets (with triangular to house-shaped cross sections) points to an origin of the glass in India or South Viet Nam, respectively. High alumina content prevented intensive weathering. Glass is introduced in Southeast Asia in the second half of the first millennium b.c. Parallel finds of green to blue translucent glass bracelets with triangular to house-shaped cross sections from Viet Nam, Thailand, and the Philippines date to the second half of the first millennium b.c. The glass bangles from Krek 52/62 indicate a date of at least the terminal phase of the Mimotien complex to 500 b.c. or even younger.

The archaeological evidence of social groups in Thailand has long been noted for not conforming to the standard paradigms of social organization. This paper investigates the concept of heterarchy before turning to consider current conceptions of the Bronze and Iron Ages in Thailand. New evidence from a recently excavated site, Ban Lum Khao, is considered and evaluated in the context of the existing knowledge of the period. The current understanding of the Iron Age is also evaluated and enhanced through the incorporation of data from two sites in northeast Thailand, Non Muang Kao and Noen U-Loke. The paper concludes that the data from prehistoric Thailand are better interpreted from a heterarchical perspective. The possible causative factors of strati�ed social organization are considered from a heterarchical perspective, examining ceramic production, mortuary practice, demography, and environment.