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While supporting local trade and clothing needs, the global second-hand clothing market in Africa has also been reported to have widespread adverse effects on environmental and socio-economic sustainability. This study provides a pioneering quantitative overview of the second-hand clothing trade in Africa from a circular-economy perspective. It begins with a summary of global trade, then analyses historical trends over 30 years (1990 to 2020) and describes current and representative trade flows within Africa using material flow and network analysis. Results reveal a consistent pattern of 15 times more imports than exports, with countries in West Africa, such as Ghana and Nigeria, and in East Africa, such as Kenya and Tanzania, leading as importers. Meanwhile, the United States, Canada, Germany, France, PR China, and the United Arab Emirates act as main exporters. Additionally, significant intracontinental trade was observed, with regional hubs in Togo, Tanzania, and South Africa. The insights indicate that trade activities are not circular, are characterised by significant trade imbalances, and place the burden on African countries. Due to inadequate policies and infrastructure, this situation undermines the net environmental benefits of circular systems and constrains sustainable waste management, just transition, and global governance agendas.

Breast cancer presents a significant risk to public health and is the primary cause of cancer-related death in women. Awareness of metastatic breast cancer (mBC) continues to increase, and advances have been made; however, challenges remain for many patient populations that do not receive equal opportunities along the treatment pathway. The Underserved Patient Population (UPP) Coalition Task Force, a group of international experts in mBC, held meetings between 2022 and 2023 to prioritise the needs of UPPs and propose solutions. The key unmet needs identified included the following: delayed diagnosis of mBC due to difficulties in the presentation of patients to the healthcare system and a lack of primary care physician and non–breast cancer specialist understanding of the signs and symptoms of mBC; difficulty navigating the mBC patient pathway due to suboptimal use of multidisciplinary care and limited communication between HCPs; unequal access to the most appropriate mBC treatment options and supportive therapy due to the unconscious bias of HCPs, and direct and indirect financial toxicity for patients; and negative impact on QoL resulting from the limited uptake of shared decision-making, low prioritisation of patient preferences and a lack of personalised care. This paper aims to shine light on initiatives supporting underserved patients with mBC, illustrate the remaining gaps in care and call upon the global community to change how care is delivered to UPPs.

BackgroundPalbociclib in combination with endocrine therapy is approved for treatment of hormone receptor-positive (HR+)/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2−) advanced breast cancer. In addition to clinical trials, several real-world studies have evaluated the effectiveness of palbociclib. With increased life expectancy in the general population, breast cancer in older women is also expected to increase.ObjectiveThe aim was to systematically review evidence from both clinical trials and real-world studies for palbociclib treatment outcomes in older patients with HR+/HER2− advanced/metastatic breast cancer (a/mBC). Older patients are often underrepresented in clinical trials, and real-world evidence (RWE) will enrich the analysis of palbociclib outcomes in this subgroup of patients.DesignA systematic literature search in PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library through May 4, 2023, yielded 2355 unique articles. A total of 52 articles (13 and 39 articles reporting results from seven randomized controlled trials [RCTs] and 37 RWE studies, respectively) were included based on study eligibility criteria.ResultsAll RCTs used age cutoffs of ≥ 65 years to define older population (n = 722; 437 received palbociclib); all RWE studies, except one with an age cutoff of > 60 years, had age cutoffs of ≥ 65 years or higher to define older population (n = 9840; 7408 received palbociclib). Overall, in studies that compared efficacy (progression-free survival [seven RCTs, 20 RWE studies], overall survival [four RCTs, 11 RWE studies], tumor response [three RWE studies], and clinical benefit rate [one RCT, two RWE studies]) and safety outcomes (three RCTs, three RWE studies) between older and younger patients, palbociclib showed similar benefits, regardless of age. Results from two RCTs and two RWE studies showed that global quality of life (QoL) was maintained in older patients receiving palbociclib. Overall, palbociclib dose modifications (two RWE studies), dose reductions (one RCT, seven RWE studies), and treatment discontinuation rates (three RCTs, three RWE studies) were higher in older patients compared with younger patients; however, these differences did not appear to adversely impact efficacy outcomes.ConclusionsIn this systematic review, data from RCTs showed that palbociclib was effective, well tolerated, and maintained QoL in older patients with HR+/HER2− a/mBC. Palbociclib treatment in older patients in real-world settings was associated with similar clinical benefit as in RCTs.PROSPERO RegistrationCRD42023444195.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11523-024-01046-z.

The Deliverable 1.6 Data Management Plan (DMP) provides structured description of data collected, created, and used for and by the SSHOC project. It also describes the procedures and policies as well as data protection and preservation mechanisms used during the implementation of the SSHOC project and planned in the post implementation period. This document follows the structure of Horizon 2020 DMP template1 and outlines the key points regarding: ● purpose of the data collection in relation to SSHOC project objectives and activities,<br> ● types and formats of SSHOC project data,<br> ● reuse of existing data,<br> ● origin of data and data usefulness,<br> ● alignment with FAIR principles,<br> ● resources needed and responsibilities within the project,<br> ● data security,<br> ● ethical and intellectual property aspects related to data. The SSHOC DMP describes the overall methodology, standards and technical aspects to enable sound and tenable data management system for the SSHOC project. It presents the SSHOC project datasets, the basic rules of conduct in handling project data, and serves as a guide for members of the SSHOC project consortium. SSHOC recognizes the following data handled throughout the project duration:<br> ● Survey data<br> ● Case studies / pilots data<br> ● Tools and Service data<br> ● SSHOC Marketplace data<br> ● SSHOC user communities data<br> ● Other data Descriptions of the recognised data follow the same structure throughout the document giving the overview of the key points for each type of data.<br> The SSHOC Data Management Plan is a living document and shall be updated continuously throughout the project in line with the new information gathered via conducting the project activities.

This article has been retracted. Please see the Retraction Notice for more detail: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-66798-w.

&lt;p&gt;This thesis anticipates that inner city car parking buildings will become vacant as new car ownership models, such as car sharing, reduce the number of cars parked in cities. “Collaborative consumption” is changing the way that consumers own goods to a shared method where ownership is outsourced and goods become cheaper and more efficient to use. Car sharing is one such service where technology provides the basis for it to operate. High demand for housing in the Wellington CBD and a current housing stock shortfall provides an opportunity to adaptively re-use this vacant infrastructure for time share housing for transient workers, using the collaborative consumption model. This research proposes that the conversion of carparking buildings into shared housing schemes is valid, and explores this by investigating what the consequences of car sharing might be on the city and how people interact with this infrastructure at a street scale. The thesis then explores the architectural possibility of how housing can make use of existing infrastructure for a new use. It explores the pedestrian reclamation of the parking building while acknowledging the architectural heritage of the car parking typology.&lt;/p&gt;

AimThe complex pathobiology of traumatic brain injury (TBI) offers numerous targets for potential neuroprotective agents. We evaluate the clinical benefit after creatine (Cr) administration in children and adolescentsMethodsA prospective, randomized, comparative, open- labelled pilot study of the possible neuroprotective effect of Cr was carried out on 39 children and adolescents, aged between 1 and 18 years of age, with TBI. The Cr was administered for 6 months, at a dose of 0.4 g/kg in an oral suspension form every day. For categorical variables, we used the Chi-square test to identify differences between controls and cases. Statistical significance was defined as a p-value < 0.05 and not statistically significant if p-value > 0.1.ResultsThe administration of Cr to children and adolescents with TBI improved results in several parameters, including duration of post traumatic amnesia (PTA), duration of intubation, intensive care unit stay. Significant improvement was recorded in the categories of headache (p < 0.001), dizziness (p = 0.005) and fatigue (p < 0.001), aspects in all patients. No side effects were seen due to Cr administration.ConclusionMore specific examinations including brain spectroscopy for in vivo evaluation of Cr can be done, in order to draw conclusions for the optimal duration and manner of Cr supply, as well as its possible role for the prevention of TBI complications, in double blind studies.