San Diego Mesa College

Some powerful tools to treat refractory neurological and psychiatric disorders are neuromodulation techniques. These include Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) and Transcranial Stimulation (TMS). Early studies demonstrated that both weak direct current and patterned magnetic stimulation reliably alter motor cortex excitability, supporting controlled plasticity and therapeutic potential. Clinical trials confirm rTMS efficacy in depression, tinnitus, neuropathic pain, and post-stroke recovery, though outcomes vary due to anatomical differences and imprecise targeting. In contrast, fMRI and MRI-guided neuronavigation improves precision which reduces inter-individual variability, and assures enhanced patient outcomes. Neuroimaging further reveals circuit-level disruptions in depression, bipolar disorder, Parkinson's disease, and stroke, supporting individualized, network-based neuromodulation strategies. To bridge this translational gap, it requires a systematic comparison of disorder-specific outcomes, which will validate if fMRI-guided targeting persistently take down superior clinical efficacy across DBS and TMS. The objective of this study is to determine whether fMRI-guided neuromodulation enhances clinical outcomes compared to traditional anatomical targeting methods. A further aim is to evaluate how the benefits of imaging-guided targeting vary across specific neurological and psychiatric disorders, including depression, tinnitus, Parkinson's disease, and post-stroke motor impairment.

A growing body of research shows that social media use is positively correlated with depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, and neuroticism. Problematic social media use (PSMU), for the purpose of this study, was characterized by behaviors similar to those displayed in gambling and addiction such as shame, guilt, and loss of control. This study explored the relationship between PSMU and the amount of time spent on social media. It was predicted that the number of hours spent on social media would be positively correlated with PSMU and that an individual’s neuroticism score would have a moderating effect on this relationship. Data were collected from college students across the United States through an online survey as part of the Psi Beta National Research Project (N = 1,422). The survey included questions regarding PSMU, hours spent using social media, and personality. Results found a moderate correlation between problematic social media use and hours of daily media use. Neuroticism did not appear to have a moderating effect on the relationship. This study aimed to offer supporting data to further the understanding of the effects of social media on mental health. Our results can help provide a guide in which future studies can focus on improving social media use outcomes for all people.

Among mammals, the order Primates is exceptional in having a high taxonomic richness in which the taxa are arboreal, semiterrestrial, or terrestrial. Although habitual terrestriality is pervasive among the apes and African and Asian monkeys (catarrhines), it is largely absent among monkeys of the Americas (platyrrhines), as well as galagos, lemurs, and lorises (strepsirrhines), which are mostly arboreal. Numerous ecological drivers and species-specific factors are suggested to set the conditions for an evolutionary shift from arboreality to terrestriality, and current environmental conditions may provide analogous scenarios to those transitional periods. Therefore, we investigated predominantly arboreal, diurnal primate genera from the Americas and Madagascar that lack fully terrestrial taxa, to determine whether ecological drivers (habitat canopy cover, predation risk, maximum temperature, precipitation, primate species richness, human population density, and distance to roads) or species-specific traits (body mass, group size, and degree of frugivory) associate with increased terrestriality. We collated 150,961 observation hours across 2,227 months from 47 species at 20 sites in Madagascar and 48 sites in the Americas. Multiple factors were associated with ground use in these otherwise arboreal species, including increased temperature, a decrease in canopy cover, a dietary shift away from frugivory, and larger group size. These factors mostly explain intraspecific differences in terrestriality. As humanity modifies habitats and causes climate change, our results suggest that species already inhabiting hot, sparsely canopied sites, and exhibiting more generalized diets, are more likely to shift toward greater ground use.

Substance abuse is a chronic pathological disorder that negatively affects many health and neurological processes. A growing body of literature has revealed gender differences in substance use. Compared to men, women display distinct drug-use phenotypes accompanied by recovery and rehabilitation disparities. These observations have led to the notion that sex-dependent susceptibilities exist along the progression to addiction. Within this scope, neuroadaptations following psychostimulant exposure are thought to be distinct for each sex. This review summarizes clinical findings and animal research reporting sex differences in the subjective and behavioral responses to cocaine, methamphetamine, and nicotine. This discussion is followed by an examination of epigenetic and molecular alterations implicated in the addiction process. Special consideration is given to histone deacetylases and estrogen receptor-mediated gene expression.

COVID-19 created unplanned, fully remote educational spaces. One California community college tutor training program augmented their tutor training practices to pivot to meet the needs of students now confronted with fully online learning. Using a mixed-methodology approach (e.g., survey and focus groups/individual interviews) over the course of one year, this program attempted to identify successes and potential gaps in providing equitable online tutoring access and to investigate possible challenges in meeting student affective needs within new, fully online tutoring spaces. Findings indicated clear gaps in student knowledge about online tutoring services, a high level of affective satisfaction with online tutoring, and a demographic mismatch between the proportion of student groups who utilized tutoring services as compared to the proportion who responded to the survey. Ultimately, it was found that tutor training programs need to continue to update training practices to meet the needs of students in a post-COVID world.

Abstract We present the discovery and validation of a three-planet system orbiting the nearby (31.1 pc) M2 dwarf star TOI-700 (TIC 150428135). TOI-700 lies in the TESS continuous viewing zone in the Southern Ecliptic Hemisphere; observations spanning 11 sectors reveal three planets with radii ranging from 1 R ⊕ to 2.6 R ⊕ and orbital periods ranging from 9.98 to 37.43 days. Ground-based follow-up combined with diagnostic vetting and validation tests enables us to rule out common astrophysical false-positive scenarios and validate the system of planets. The outermost planet, TOI-700 d, has a radius of 1.19 ± 0.11 R ⊕ and resides within a conservative estimate of the host star’s habitable zone, where it receives a flux from its star that is approximately 86% of Earth’s insolation. In contrast to some other low-mass stars that host Earth-sized planets in their habitable zones, TOI-700 exhibits low levels of stellar activity, presenting a valuable opportunity to study potentially rocky planets over a wide range of conditions affecting atmospheric escape. While atmospheric characterization of TOI-700 d with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) will be challenging, the larger sub-Neptune, TOI-700 c (R = 2.63 R ⊕), will be an excellent target for JWST and future space-based observatories. TESS is scheduled to once again observe the Southern Hemisphere, and it will monitor TOI-700 for an additional 11 sectors in its extended mission. These observations should allow further constraints on the known planet parameters and searches for additional planets and transit timing variations in the system.

This chapter looks at the mechanics of how Catalonia was able to not only organize but also pay for such a huge event in such a short period of time. Through tracing reported donations and fundraising as well as the formation of various organizing bodies, this chapter illustrates the importance of a national popular sporting infrastructure and an inter-national Popular Front in creating a games which placed Catalonia on an equal footing with nation states, thanks to the inter-national coalition behind it.

Book Review| February 01 2019 Review: Platonic Mysticism: Contemplative Science, Philosophy, Literature, and Art by Arthur Versluis Platonic Mysticism: Contemplative Science, Philosophy, Literature, and Art. By Arthur Versluis. State University of New York, 2017. 172 pages. $80.00 cloth; $20.95 paper; ebook available. Darren Iammarino Darren Iammarino San Diego Mesa College Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Nova Religio (2019) 22 (3): 147–148. https://doi.org/10.1525/nr.2019.22.3.147 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Darren Iammarino; Review: Platonic Mysticism: Contemplative Science, Philosophy, Literature, and Art by Arthur Versluis. Nova Religio 1 February 2019; 22 (3): 147–148. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/nr.2019.22.3.147 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentNova Religio Search This content is only available via PDF. © 2019 by The Regents of the University of California2019 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.