Seminario Permanente de Investigación Agraria

The air of pig and poultry farms contains ammonia and dust. To characterize the exposure of workers to these pollutants, data were collected on farms. Measurements were carried out in 20 pig farms during piglet care, weaning, feeding of piglets and sorting pigs and in 21 poultry farms during inspection of animals, catching birds, the manure disposal and litter distribution in the building. In general, particulate matter and ammonia are not considered as occupational hazards by workers. The risk is often minimized but measurements showed that exposure to particulate matter and ammonia poses a risk to their health (increased respiratory symptoms and decreased respiratory capacity). In addition, 15% of pig farms had an ammonia content above the occupational exposure limit (20 ppm for 15 minutes) on at least one of the tasks monitored. In poultry farming, 17% of the ammonia measurements during the tasks followed without mulching, and 3% of all the measurements of particles carried out exceeded the maximum recommended value (5 mg / m3 of cellular particles). It is necessary to sensitize the actors of the field on the respiratory risks. For this purpose, an AIR Eleveur YouTube channel was created as well as 2 brochures (protection equipment and AIR Eleveur results).

Kuru disease is linked with the name of D. Carleton Gajdusek and he was the first to show that this human neurodegenerative disease can be transmitted to chimpanzees and subsequently classified as a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE), or slow unconventional virus disease. It was first reported to Western world in 1957 by Gajdusek and Vincent Zigas,(1,2) and in 1975 a complete bibliography of kuru was published by Alpers et al.(3) "Kuru" in the Fore language in Papua New Guinea means to shiver from fever and cold. The disease has been found to spread through ritualistic cannibalism and is an invariably fatal cerebellar ataxia accompanied by tremor, choreiform and athetoid movements. Neuropathologically, kuru is characterized by the presence of amyloid "kuru" plaques.

L’intégration des principes du développement durable dans la gestion des risques liés à l’eau en milieu urbain interroge la manière de concevoir les différentes formes de vulnérabilités sociales, économiques et environnementales et leurs interactions. Le cas empirique étudié, les villes de Guyane, conduit également à questionner la manière de territorialiser une action publique pensée à l’échelle du Nord (la France métropolitaine) dans un contexte dont les dynamiques s’apparente en partie à celle des villes du Sud compte-tenu des défis à relever (forte croissance démographique, pauvreté, pollution et inondation en milieu urbain). Il amène ainsi à réfléchir sur la mise en œuvre des principes du développement durable et les différentes actions publiques, à l’échelle de la ville ou à d’autres échelles, afin de répondre aux interdépendances spatio-temporelles des différents enjeux et domaines qui constituent la ville.