Shanghai Liangyou (China)

Seed germination is the initial and critical stage of plant growth and development. This study conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) on seedling emergence rate (SER) and seedling length (SL) in super-sweet corn using a panel of 201 Chinese core germplasm accessions as the association population. Through multi-model GWAS integration of BLINK, FarmCPU and MLM approaches applied to 56 K maize SNP array data, 12, 18 and 19 significant SNPs were detected by each model respectively. Venn diagram analysis revealed significant overlaps among different models, ultimately identifying eight SNPs significantly associated with SER and two SNPs related to SL. Through functional annotation and literature analysis, 15 candidate genes were identified from an initial set of 49 annotated genes. Among these, 10 genes regulated SER, and 5 were linked to SL control, primarily functioning in protein biosynthesis, energy transduction, and cell division regulation. Allelic effect analysis demonstrated that the A/A and T/T genotypes represent key superior allelic variants regulating emergence rate. Through marker-assisted selection, pyramiding these favorable alleles can significantly enhance the seedling emergence rate in super-sweet corn. This study provides valuable genetic loci for marker-assisted breeding in super-sweet corn and offers an important reference for fine-mapping genes associated with seedling emergence rate characteristics.

Context . The pristine stages of disk formation during the protostellar phase and the processes of dust evolution in young disks remain largely unconstrained. Dust thermal emission at millimeter wavelengths and its polarization offer key insights into the physical processes and spatial distribution of material at the envelope-disk interface, as well as on early dust evolution around solar-type protostars. Aims . We characterize the dust properties and polarization mechanisms from envelope to disk scales in two young stellar objects (YSOs), IRAS 04166+2706 (K04166) and IRAS 04169+2702 (K04169) embedded in the same Taurus filament. We explore the nature of the dust polarization across scales and investigate their stage of evolution. Methods . We present deep (∼1.4 mm and ∼3 mm) polarimetric observations sampling the dust emission from 25 au to 3000 au using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). We modeled Stokes I emission to characterize disk and envelope contributions, while the polarization properties were analyzed to identify the dominant polarization mechanisms. Finally, in this work, we discuss the physical properties of both sources across scales. Results . K04166 shows extended Stokes I and polarized emission tracing a tentative hourglass magnetic field morphology in its envelope. In the inner envelope and disk ( < 100 au), the properties of the polarized emission change, suggesting the presence of a toroidal magnetic field around the disk or the presence of large grains in the inner envelope. K04169 exhibits compact Stokes I and polarized emission, consistent with self-scattering from the disk. Both disks are extremely compact, yet K04166 retains a substantial envelope while the one of K04169 is largely dissipated. Conclusions . Our multiscale ALMA polarimetric observations reveal a transition from magnetically aligned grains in envelopes to self-scattering in disks within the transition region of 20–50 au. These results provide important clues on dust grain growth and magnetic field morphology at the disk-envelope scales. The two sources, separated by < 0.5 pc and embedded in a common filament, display striking differences, indicating that K04166 is a young embedded object with a substantial envelope threaded by relatively organized magnetic fields. Meanwhile, K04169 is more evolved, likely to be a young T-Tauri star. However, in both disks, the presence of large grains already suggest a scenario of early dust evolution in disks of the Class 0 stage.

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a high-risk disease among cardiovascular diseases. This study is to screen for lncRNA ceRNA regulatory network in acute coronary syndrome associated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and to validate the XIST/miR-212-3p/CALCOCO2/OPTN axes. lncRNA, miRNA, and mRNA expression microarray data were retrieved and downloaded from the GEO database. Dysregulated lncRNAs and miRNAs were collected using the GEO database. Target genes were predicted and subjected to KEGG pathway analysis. The serum levels of lncRNA XIST, miR-212-3p, CALCOCO2, and OPTN were detected by RT-qPCR. The H9C2 hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) injury model was established. The cell viability was detected. The related indicators of mitophagy were detected by flow cytometry and Western blot. Six PCI-related lncRNAs were identified in ACS, linked to 44 PCI-associated miRNAs and 159 PCI-associated mRNAs. KEGG pathway analysis suggested the mitophagy pathway, which involved XIST/miR-212-3p/CALCOCO2/OPTN axes. The levels of XIST, CALCOCO2, and OPTN were increased while the level of miR-212-3p was decreased in PCI patients. Taken together, our results suggest that lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks associated with PCI in ACS were presented. In the H/R cell model, XIST promoted mitophagy through miR-212-3p/CALCOCO2/OPTN. XIST can promote mitophagy through the miR-212-3p/CALCOCO2/OPTN axis, thereby alleviating myocardial cell injury.

Abstract Background Improving the quality and frying stability of rapeseed oil has long been an important goal in rapeseed quality breeding. This goal can be achieved through molecular marker-assisted selection (MAS) combined with speed breeding strategies. In this study, genomic data from the high-oleic-acid, low-linolenic-acid material L3 and the recessive genic male sterile (RGMS) line RG430A were used to identify functional variation sites underlying key quality traits: one governing oleic acid content and two controlling linolenic acid content. Additionally, Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR markers were developed to efficiently genotype these oleic and linolenic acid-related variants. Results By integrating speed breeding with MAS and phenotypic screening, a new RGMS line was developed with high oleic acid, low linolenic acid content, and favorable agronomic performance. Compared with the original RG430A, the new line shows an approximately 15.0% increase in oleic acid content (reaching 78.0%) and an approximately 52.6% reduction in linolenic acid content (decreasing to 3.6%), with no significant alterations in major agronomic traits. Conclusions Our study offers strategic insights for rapeseed quality breeding, and the developed RGMS line represents a promising germplasm resource for future high-quality hybrid breeding.

To investigate the characteristics of chromosomal abnormalities in amniotic fluid among pregnant women in Liangshan Prefecture and explore strategies for optimizing prenatal diagnosis. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 1 024 amniocentesis samples collected at the Prenatal Diagnosis Center of Liangshan Prefecture Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital between February 2022 and December 2024. Chromosome karyotyping analysis (3 cases had failed culture, 1 021 valid samples) was combined with high-throughput chromosome sequencing analysis (CNV-seq) for the detection. This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the hospital (Ethics No.: 2023-07). The overall detection rate of chromosomal karyotype abnormalities in the amniotic fluid cells was 4.02% (41/1 021), with numerical abnormalities accounting for 80.49% (33/41) and structural abnormalities for 19.51% (8/41). Numerical abnormalities were primarily trisomy 21 (16/41, 39.02%) and 47,XXY (6/41, 14.63%). Structural abnormalities included translocations (6 cases) and mosaicism (2 cases). CNV-seq detected 22 pathogenic or likely pathogenic copy number variations, whilst the undetection rate for balanced translocations reached 100% (7/7). The combined application of karyotyping and CNV-seq, leveraging complementary strengths, can enhance the overall detection rate. The distribution characteristics of chromosomal abnormalities in amniotic fluid from pregnant women in Liangshan exhibit regional specificity. A combined testing strategy significantly optimizes prenatal diagnosis efficacy, providing crucial evidence for enhancing the effectiveness of prenatal diagnosis in ethnic minority regions.