Shenzhen KangNing Hospital

ABSTRACT Adolescent depressive disorder (ADD) is a chronic and debilitating mental disorder, yet its diagnosis still relies on subjective assessment. An efficient and cost‐effective diagnostic tool for ADD is urgently needed to improve clinical management. Herein, amorphous MIL‐88B@nitrogen/sulfur co‐doped carbon‐dots ( a MIL‐88B@NSCDs) are designed as a dual‐ion mode matrix for comprehensive metabolic profiling of ADD. The a MIL‐88B@NSCDs with integrated physicochemical properties facilitate the efficient dual‐ionization of metabolites, enabling the selective ionization of metabolites from bio‐samples. It exhibits a 5–12‐fold signal enhancement over NSCDs (a well‐established dual‐ion mode matrix) and shows high reproducibility with coefficients of variation ≤ 10%. Next, we directly extracted the dual‐ion mode serum metabolic fingerprints (dual‐SMFs) with 432 features (defined as signal‐to‐noise ratio (S/N) > 3, 190/242 in positive/negative ion mode) within seconds. Based on the dual‐SMFs, we constructed a high‐performance diagnostic model for ADD, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.926 (0.760/0.734 in positive/negative ion mode). This work not only contributes to the development of the dual‐ion mode matrices but also provides an efficient and comprehensive strategy for the precision clinical management of ADD.

This study focused on the preferences for psychological assistance and associated factors among Chinese healthcare workers (HCWs) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Cross-sectional analysis of survey data collected from Chinese HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nationwide psychological service platforms in China that facilitated participation of HCWs. A total of 901 HCWs aged 19-84 years, including doctors, nurses and other medical staff. Preference for psychological assistance was assessed through survey options, including psychological materials, stress management skills, telephone hotline, online non-video psychological counselling, online video psychological counselling and no need or others. Prevalence of mental health symptoms was evaluated using validated scales: Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2) for depression, Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and Primary Care Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Screen for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (PC-PTSD-5) for stress. Additional measures included sleep disturbance, suicidal ideation and demographic characteristics such as age, education level and occupation. Among 901 HCWs surveyed, the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress was 12.32% (PHQ-2 score ≥3), 42.18% (GAD-7 score ≥5) and 28.75% (PC-PTSD-5 score ≥3), respectively. Sleep disturbance and suicidal ideation were reported by 29.41% (cut-off value=2) and 9.32% (cut-off value=1) of participants. Among the 602 respondents who preferred psychological assistance, the most preferred options were stress management skills, psychological materials and online non-video counselling. HCWs with severe suicidal ideation (item 9 of PHQ-9=3) preferred online video counselling (80%). Logistic regression indicated that age was negatively correlated with the preference for psychological materials (β=-0.86, p=0.034) but positively associated with the preference of telephone hotlines (26-35 years: β=1.69, p=0.035; ≥45 years: β=1.90, p=0.031). Higher educational attainment was associated with greater preference for psychological materials (undergraduates: β=0.71, p=0.014; masters: β=1.13, p=0.007) and online counselling (masters: β=1.743, p=0.002). Nurses were more likely to prefer stress management skills (β=0.71, p=0.014), while HCWs with suicidal ideation showed a stronger preference for online video counselling (β=0.66, p<0.05). Linear regression further showed that participants with a bachelor's or master's degree and those with severe anxiety were more likely to use multiple forms of psychological assistance. The high prevalence of mental health problems among HCWs highlights an urgent need for targeted psychological support. Distinct characteristics of HCWs were associated with different preferences for psychological assistance, highlighting the importance of tailoring interventions to the specific needs of HCWs.

Smoking addiction is a common mental disorder, and numerous imaging studies have shown that adolescents with smoking addiction exhibit abnormalities in brain function and structure. This study aims to investigate changes in the topological characteristics of the white matter (WM) functional network in young smokers. Forty-two young smokers and 42 age-, gender-, and education-matched nonsmokers were included in the study. The functional connectome of white matter and graph theory were used to study these participants. Two-sample t-test were used for the detection of the abnormal graph properties in young smokers. Pearson correlation was applied for the correlation analyses between properties and clinical indicators of smoking. The global level WM functional network analyses showed that the and values were higher in young smokers than in the control group, and the was positively correlated with the age of first smoking. At the node level, five nodes of the WM functional network exhibited abnormal node properties in the WM regions of the bilateral hippocampal parahippocampal gyrus (CGH), bilateral superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), bilateral inferior frontal gyrus (IFO), middle cerebellar peduncle (MCP), and the bilateral anterior commissure (ACR) in young smokers. The node degree centrality value of MCP was positively correlated with age of first smoking. Our neuroimaging findings provide evidence of WM functional alterations associated with nicotine addiction, which may enhance our understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying smoking addiction in young smokers.

The retrieval-extinction paradigm elicits a short-term fear amnesia that differs in cue specificity, timescale, and dependence on thought-control ability from the long-term amnesia believed to be associated with memory reconsolidation.

Hemispheric lateralization, recognized as a pivotal feature in both the structural and functional organization of the human brain, may undergo alterations in specific psychiatric disorders. However, the time-varying patterns of hemispheric lateralization in individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) and the relationship between these patterns and gene expression profiles remain largely unexplored thus far. Using a large multi-site resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data encompassing 2611 participants (1660 MDD patients and 1341 healthy controls), we examined MDD-related abnormalities in dynamic laterality and its association with clinical symptoms, meta-analytic cognitive functions, and neurotransmitter receptor profiles, respectively. And the biological basis behind these changes was investigated through gene enrichment analysis and cell-specific analysis. Here we found revealed pronounced fluctuations in lateralization primarily in the regions in default mode network, attention network and control network in MDD patients when compared to healthy controls. In addition, these fluctuations exhibited significant correlations with higher-order cognition terms and the distributions of disease related neurotransmitters. Further, through gene enrichment and cell-specific analysis, we identified a molecular genetic basis for these changes, highlighting synaptic function-related genes and neuronal cells. Collectively, these results demonstrated robust altered brain lateralization patterns in MDD and its molecular genetic basis, providing new clues to understand the pathophysiology of MDD.

Background: Alcohol use disorder(AUD) is associated with thyroid dysfunction. This study aimed to explore the changes of thyroid hormone levels in patients with AUD and alcohol-induced psychotic disorders(AIPD), gender differences, and the changes after withdrawal treatment. Methods In this retrospective case–control study we enrolled 283 patients with AUD (261 men, 22 women) admitted between 2021 and 2024, of whom 80 had AIPD. Baseline levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) were measured at the time of admission. A second measurement was performed three to four weeks after detoxification. Baseline values were compared with those of 300 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Longitudinal changes within the AUD cohort and differences between AIPD and non-AIPD subgroups were analyzed by paired t-tests and chi-square tests as appropriate. Results Mean serum levels of FT4, FT3, T4 and T3 were significantly lower in AUD patients than in healthy controls, while TSH had no significant change. In the same comparison, the proportion of individuals with abnormal thyroid parameters was higher in the AUD group than in controls. Among AUD patients, women, showed a higher proportion of elevated TSH, and reduced FT4, FT3 and T3 than men with AUD. The level of thyroid hormone in patients with AIPD was higher than that in patients with Non-AIPD, and after detoxification treatment, thyroid function may not necessarily return to normal, but showed a trend of thyroid hormone decreased and TSH increased, which was more pronounced in AIPD patients. Conclusion AUD can lead to thyroid dysfunction. Patients with AUD should closely monitor their thyroid hormone levels to prevent the worsening of psychiatric and neurological symptoms.

Using appropriate psychological counseling strategies is critical for improving the quality of large language modeldriven mental health dialogues, yet a single large language model (LLM) often produces unreliable results due to ambiguous strategy definitions and degradation of thought in reasoning. Multi-LLM voting-based strategy annotation methods are often hampered in their overall decision-making performance due to the low accuracy of some individual models. To address this, we propose a multi-LLM system with a deductive-reasoning chain of thought. We built a dataset that comprises psychologist-client dialogue segments, each annotated with nine strategies by four professional psychologists. The system uses three LLMs as experts to generate initial strategy candidates, and then an LLM as a judge applies deductive reasoning-aligning dialogue evidence with strategy definitions-to annotate the optimal strategy. Experiments show that this approach outperforms single models, voting, and conventional chain-of-thought methods in F1 score and accuracy. This work advances LLM-based psychological strategy annotation, offering a reliable tool for mental health dialogue systems.

Penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) is a malignancy characterized by a poor prognosis and lack of reliable biomarkers, presenting considerable therapeutic challenges. Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are critical modulators of antitumor immunity; however, the immunological dynamics, particularly the roles of B cells and their interactions with naive T cells in PSCC tissues, remain inadequately understood. This study integrates transcriptomic approaches, including spatial transcriptomics, single‐cell sequencing (scRNA‐seq), and bulk RNA sequencing (bulk RNA‐seq), and immunohistochemistry to elucidate the immune architecture of and functional mechanisms within TLSs. The results reveal a positive correlation between TLS density and patient survival, with CD74⁺ B cells tending to be enriched during early TLS formation. These cells exhibit strong immune activation and a propensity to differentiate into plasma cells. By engaging with naive T cells through HLA‐DRA via ligand–receptor interactions, CD74⁺ B cells activate transcription factors, including NFKB1, NFKB2, NFATC1, NFATC2, FOS, and RUNX1, in naive T cells, thereby enhancing the immune response. Consequently, CD74⁺ B cells represent a compelling biomarker for and therapeutic target of PSCC, offering profound insights into the immunological mechanisms that drive PSCC progression and response to immunotherapy.

Patients with bipolar disorder (BD) who also experience delayed sleep-wake phase (DSWP) disorder/syndrome may tend to be younger, have a higher risk of relapse, and exhibit more severe impairments in social functioning. However, few studies have explored this area, and there are currently no established treatment guidelines, prompting us to investigate this further through a case series. We report on a chart review of 15 patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder (BD) and delayed sleep-wake phase (DSWP) syndrome, who received Aripiprazole (APZ) monotherapy for 12 to 135 weeks. Efficacy was observed within the first two weeks, indicated by reductions in Clinical Global Impressions-Severity (CGI-S) scores and an advancement of the sleep-wake cycle. By the final visit, 93.3% (14/15) of participants had achieved clinical remission (defined as CGI-S < 3), with their social functioning returning to normal. The most common adverse events were extrapyramidal side effects and weight gain, but both were reversible. In summary, APZ monotherapy may be an effective and safe treatment option for BD patients with DSWP syndrome. Our chart review highlights the potential value of further systematic investigation through a clinical trial.