Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University

Graphs with an ideally restricted spectrum are known as Ramanujan graphs. In computer science and combinatorics, these graphs have several uses. This paper explores the metric dimension of Ramanujan graphs. Metric dimension is the minimum “Locator points” needed to uniquely locate every spot in a network. Ramanujan graphs are highly efficient and well-connected networks. Our research investigates how their unique mathematical properties influence this “Locator points” requirement, a problem typically very complex. By using their inherent design, this work aims to understand these networks better and show their potential for precise location-finding in large systems. General codes for these graphs have also been discussed.

Purpose When women's most common biological experience meets institutional silence, it reveals how menstrual health and hygiene (MHH) is treated even within female-dominated professions such as teaching. Despite growing attention to workplace MHH research, qualitative evidence into how menstruation is institutionally managed in educational settings remains limited. This study addresses this gap by examining how menstruation is positioned within schools, focusing on millennial female teachers of Jammu and Kashmir, India. Design/methodology/approach The study employs a qualitative design using semi-structured interviews with 32 millennial female higher-secondary school teachers (both government and private). Thematic analysis followed Braun and Clarke's (2006) six-phase framework, guided by an integrated analytical approach to capture behavioural, institutional and socio-cultural influences on MHH. Findings The findings reveal that menstrual experiences in schools are shaped by the convergence of professional expectations, perceived health considerations, organizational routines and gendered norms, rather than by individual or infrastructural constraints alone. Expectations of uninterrupted performance and bodily self-regulation render menstruation institutionally peripheral, despite its routine physiological nature, reinforcing silence and coping practices within schools. Research limitations/implications The study advances theoretically by advancing workplace MHH scholarship in two key ways. First, it responds directly to a persistent gap identified in the existing literature, the limited sector-specific theorization of menstruation within work environments and the absence of frameworks that account for behavioural, institutional and gendered mechanisms simultaneously. Second, the study advances workplace MHH and gender-inclusive organizational literature by showing that these mechanisms reinforce within the everyday functioning of a female-majority profession. Practical implications The findings offer practical insights for school management and policymakers to develop gender-responsive institutional practices and carry broader social relevance by challenging the normalization of menstrual silence within educational environments. Social implications Socially, the findings underscore the role of schools in either reproducing or challenging menstrual stigma beyond the workplace. Originality/value This is among the first to examine MHH in the education sector, offering a sector-specific and institutionally grounded contribution to workplace MHH research, positioning menstruation as a relevant organizational and equity issue in schools rather than a private matter of individual management.

The Harary Index is an important topological parameter for examining the structure of a graph. This work presents a quantitative analysis of the structural features of zero-divisor graph using the Harary Index. In this research article, we compute the Harary Index for the zero-divisor graph of the ring of upper triangular matrices over a finite commutative ring and non commutative ring. In this study, we have computed the Harary index for directed and undirected zero-divisor graph obtained from upper triangular matrix [Formula: see text].

Work from home is a new terminology in corporate world after COVID 19. It is usually said necessity is the mother of invention and this pandemic gave rise to new work culture and technology. This momentum resulted the growth and usage of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in all most all the functions of management. AI is an unseen catalyser thatsmoothen the work. Like other functions AI also gave a new orientation to the function of HR. This research is dedicated to understand theimplementation of AI in HR activities. It also gives the glimpse of assistance of this new technology in unveiling new opportunities and challenges in the functions of HRM.After the deep conceptual study, it concludes that the hand of AI is going to be inevitable in almost all the activities such as right recruitment, smart hiring, performance appraisal, suitable training & Development, work allocation, and enriching workplace productivity. This study also gives spot light on future goals in HRM

Conventional metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) devices exhibit short-channel issues and struggle to scale down their dimensions in the ultra-nanoscale regime. To continue the development in the electronics industry, it is needed to shift the conventional transistor technology to another direction, where the transistor-less idea can be implemented for the design of logic circuits. To achieve the goal of high-performance and scalable technology, a transistor-less technology, called quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) nanotechnology, got much attention due to its numerous benefits in comparison to the conventional semiconductor devices. The QCA nanotechnology provides highly dense and fast-operating circuits with minimal energy dissipation. The exclusive OR (XOR) operation is a key logic in digital system design. Therefore, this paper proposes a single-layer; unique XOR gate in the QCA nanotechnology using the idea of cell translation in order to minimize the number of QCA cells and latency, and it is simulated using the QCA Designer-E tool. The proposed XOR gate is further applied for the implementation of half-adder and full-adder circuits and successfully verified their functions. The energy dissipation for all the circuits is estimated using the QCA Pro tool. The proposed designs are compared with the existing designs to outline the importance. The proposed XOR gate minimizes the design cost by 1.21X and energy dissipation by 16.87% at the 1.5 kink energy level as compared to the best-reported work in the literature.

Abstract The current study focuses on the degradation mechanisms, friction, wear, and corrosion response of eutectic aluminium-silicon (Al-Si) alloys supplemented with varying weight fractions (2, 4 & 6%) of aluminium oxide (Al2O3) in three distinct environments, i.e. (dry, aqueous, and alkaline). The corrosion test was carried out with the help of the potentiodynamic polarization technique. When the average open circuit potential (OCP) values of the composites were compared, C3 (Al-Si +6wt.% Al2O3) showed the maximum average value of 0.736V compared to C2(Al-Si + 4 wt.% Al2O3) (0.739V), and C1(Al-Si + 2 wt.% Al2O3) (0.741V). The C3 advanced composite exhibited fewer small pits and less depletion at the grain boundary. The tribological investigations showed that the C3 sample exhibited the lowest coefficient of friction (COF) and wear for all environmental conditions, followed by C2, C1 and BC samples. The improved wear resistance and lower coefficient of friction (COF) of the C3 sample are attributed to the highest rate of oxide layer formation, which helps improve wear resistance and reduce material loss.