Siam University

The Role of Applied Mathematics in a New Era of Artificial Intelligence

ภูมิหลังและวัตถุประสงค์: การศึกษาเป็นกลไกสำคัญในการพัฒนากำลังคนให้มีคุณภาพ ท่ามกลางกระแสการเปลี่ยนแปลงของศตวรรษที่ 21 สมรรถนะของครูในการจัดการเรียนรู้มีบทบาทสำคัญในการส่งเสริมทักษะทางภาษาของนักเรียน งานวิจัยนี้มุ่งพัฒนาและประเมินคุณภาพรูปแบบการนิเทศตามแนวคิดบทเรียนร่วมกันร่วมกับการให้ข้อมูลย้อนกลับ เพื่อเสริมสร้างสมรรถนะการจัดการเรียนรู้ตามแนวคิด TPACK ของครู และส่งเสริมความสามารถในการพูดภาษาอังกฤษของนักเรียนระดับประถมศึกษา ระเบียบวิธีวิจัย: การวิจัยใช้กระบวนการวิจัยและพัฒนา (R&D) ประกอบด้วย 1) การศึกษาวิเคราะห์ข้อมูลพื้นฐานและความต้องการ 2) การพัฒนาและประเมินคุณภาพรูปแบบ โดยการจัดสนทนากลุ่ม (Focus Group Discussion : FGD) จากผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิและผู้เชี่ยวชาญโดยผู้เชี่ยวชาญเข้าร่วมสนทนากลุ่ม ทั้งสิ้นจำนวน 7 คน เครื่องมือ เช่น แบบวิเคราะห์เอกสาร แบบสัมภาษณ์ และแบบประเมินคุณภาพรูปแบบ วิเคราะห์ข้อมูลด้วยค่าเฉลี่ย (M) ค่าส่วนเบี่ยงเบนมาตรฐาน (SD) และการวิเคราะห์เนื้อหา ผลการวิจัย: รูปแบบการนิเทศที่พัฒนาขึ้นประกอบด้วย 5 องค์ประกอบ ได้แก่ 1) หลักการ 2) จุดมุ่งหมาย 3) รูปแบบการนิเทศ 4) การวัดและประเมินผล 5) ปัจจัยสนับสนุน และมี 7 ขั้นตอน ได้แก่ การศึกษาปัญหา สร้างความเข้าใจ ปฏิบัติการนิเทศ ติดตาม สะท้อนผล ให้ข้อมูลย้อนกลับ ปรับปรุง แก้ไข อภิปราย และการเผยแพร่ สรุปผล: รูปแบบการนิเทศที่พัฒนาขึ้นช่วยเสริมสร้างสมรรถนะครูในการจัดการเรียนรู้ ส่งผลให้สามารถพัฒนาการสอนที่ส่งเสริมทักษะการพูดภาษาอังกฤษของนักเรียนได้อย่างมีประสิทธิภาพ และส่งเสริมวัฒนธรรมการเรียนรู้แบบร่วมมือและต่อเนื่อง เพื่อยกระดับคุณภาพการศึกษาอย่างยั่งยืน

This paper presents a Single-Phase Induction Motor (SPIM) driven by a Single-Phase Matrix Converter (SPMC). The proposed converter directly transforms a fixed-amplitude, fixed-frequency AC supply into an AC output with adjustable amplitude and frequency at the load, utilizing four bi-directional switches. Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) signals are employed to control the switches, with modulation indexes and output frequencies regulated according to the V/f control method for efficient operation of the SPIM. The motor’s torque and speed responses are evaluated through simulations conducted in the MATLAB/Simulink program to verify the system’s performance.

Workplace bullying is a significant issue that adversely affects employee mental health and work performance. High-performance employees often face more bullying than their average counterparts. This study aims to examine coping mechanisms for workplace bullying among high-performance employees through literature review and comparative analysis. The study found that high-performance employees employ four main types of coping mechanisms: (1) adaptive coping, (2) confrontational coping, (3) avoidance coping, and (4) support-seeking coping. The effectiveness of these mechanisms depends on individual factors, organizational culture, and management support. Results indicate that developing appropriate coping mechanisms can reduce negative impacts and strengthen workplace resilience. This study provides recommendations for developing effective organizational policies to prevent and address workplace bullying.

There has been incongruent evidence on the outcomes relating to whether continuing or withholding renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASi) preoperatively. This study aimed to systematically analyze the effect of preoperative RAASi on perioperative and postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing noncardiac surgeries. PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane databases were used with no limitation of the starting date, till 30th September 2024. The revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool (RoB-2) and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale were used for quality assessment. The primary study outcomes were hemodynamic outcomes while the secondary outcomes included postoperative 30-day mortality, myocardial infarction (MI), stroke and postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF). Among 1897 articles, 6 eligible randomized control trials and 6 observational studies were enrolled. The patients preoperatively continuing RAASi had a higher risk of intraoperative hypotension [OR (odds ratio) = 1.54; 95% CI (confidence interval) = 1.31, 1.82], along with lower systolic and diastolic blood pressures compared to those withholding RAASi. Postoperative complications including 30-day mortality, MI, stroke, atrial fibrillation, acute kidney injury, septicemia, myocardial injury, postoperative hypertension and unplanned ICU admission, showed no significant differences. However, there was a marginal significance in lower POAF in the RAASi-continuing group (OR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.52, 1.02). Withholding RAASi prior to noncardiac operation significantly reduced the risk of intraoperative hypotension but may increase the chance to develop POAF without significant impact on 30-day mortality and other postoperative complications. Discontinuation of RAASi before noncardiac surgery is recommended unless obligate indication.

Background and Aims: This study aims to explore the impact of different demographic factors and food preferences on ecotourism in Thailand. Through a questionnaire survey of 440 tourists, the effects of demographic factors such as gender, age, education level, income, marital status, and food preference on ecotourism participation were analyzed, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for ecotourism marketing and product design. Methodology: The study used questionnaires to collect data from 440 visitors, covering demographic factors and food preferences. Statistical analysis methods, including one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), T-test, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), were used to analyze the factors influencing ecotourism participation. Result: The results show that, in addition to education level, other demographic factors such as gender, age, income, marital status, and activity type have no statistically significant impact on ecotourism. Education level has a significant impact on ecotourism participation, and a higher education level is more likely to encourage tourists to participate in ecotourism. In terms of food preference, nutrition, organic, ornamental, and local factors all have a significant impact on tourists' food choices, especially nutrition factors have the most significant impact on food choice, followed by organic, ornamental, and local factors also have a certain impact. Conclusion: Based on the research results, education level is an important factor affecting tourists' participation in ecotourism, and food preference factors, especially nutrition and organicity, have a significant impact on tourists' food choices. It is recommended that ecotourism-related parties take full account of tourists' education level and food preferences in product design, marketing, and service optimization, especially in terms of providing nutritious, organic food and dining options with local characteristics, and enhancing personalized services to improve tourists' satisfaction and participation.

This study examines the factors influencing cybersecurity investment decisions in organizations across the ASEAN region’s diverse digital landscape, where varying levels of regulatory maturity and digital adoption create unique security challenges. Using structural equation modeling (SEM) with data from 317 cybersecurity and IT executives, we investigated how risk management practices, financial considerations, and cybersecurity governance and compliance affect investment patterns, both directly and through the mediating role of cybersecurity strategy. The research methodology employed a validated instrument capturing multiple dimensions of organizational practices, including threat assessment processes, budget allocation frameworks, and strategic planning approaches. Our analysis revealed that cybersecurity strategy serves as the primary determinant of investment (β = 0.63, p < 0.001), while being significantly influenced by financial considerations (β = 0.57, p < 0.001), risk management (β = 0.54, p < 0.001), and regulatory environments (β = 0.42, p < 0.001). Notably, different mediation patterns emerged across factors, with financial considerations influencing investment exclusively through strategy (full mediation), whereas risk management and governance factors affected investment both directly and indirectly (partial mediation). Further investigation through multi-group analysis uncovered significant differences between critical infrastructure and other sectors, with regulatory and risk management factors exerting stronger influence in critical infrastructure organizations. Overall, our model explains 68% of the variance in cybersecurity investment decisions, providing robust explanatory power despite the region’s heterogeneity. These findings offer a comprehensive framework for understanding security resource allocation in ASEAN’s diverse digital landscape and provide valuable insights for organizations seeking to optimize their cybersecurity investments. Additionally, the results inform policymakers developing regulatory frameworks that can effectively drive security enhancements while accommodating the economic and technological diversity that characterizes the ASEAN region.

The bleisure market is generally widely accepted within the business events landscape, though research to date has mostly characterized traveler experiences and the supply chain in facilitating desired needs and outcomes. Very little is known as to the constraints, facilitators, and motivations of bleisure tourists, which this study attempts to address. Drawing on a survey with 290 international attendees of a convention in Munich, Germany, the findings reveal that specific leisure activities such as shopping are more influential on bleisure intention than constraints such as perceived risks (e.g., health). A theoretical framework is conceptualized and proposed to inform future work in this sphere of bleisure, as well as practical applications of bleisure itineraries and experiences among destinations seeking to capture this high-yield market share.

Detecting abandoned bags in public areas is essential for ensuring safety and preventing potential threats. This research presents a novel approach for abandoned bag detection using Grounding DINO, a state-of-the-art vision-language model, combined with fine-grained semantic prompts. The method integrates object detection and contextual analysis to identify stationary bags left unattended for specified durations, distinguishing them from routine activities in dynamic settings such as airports, train stations, and shopping malls. The proposed approach is evaluated on the ABODA dataset, achieving an abandoned bag detection recall of 90.91%. Grounding DINO's capability to process textual prompts ensures precise bag identification, while its adaptability supports diverse public environments. The workflow involves detecting bags using fine-grained prompts, tracking their movement across frames through centroid distances between the owner’s and bag’s bounding boxes, and applying temporal and frame-based criteria to confirm abandonment. To enhance reliability, the system incorporates proximity-based owner identification by detecting nearby individuals and analyzing their interactions. Context-aware thresholds adjust detection parameters, ensuring robustness in crowded or complex environments. Furthermore, the results are compared to previous works to evaluate differences in performance and capabilities.