Sineurop Nanotech (Germany)

Implantable electronic packages for neural implants utilize reliable electrical feedthroughs that connect the inside of a sealed capsule to the components that are exposed to the surrounding body tissue. With the ongoing miniaturization of implants requiring ever higher integration densities of such feedthroughs new technologies have to be investigated. The presented work investigates the sealing of vertical feedthroughs in aluminum-oxide-substrates with gold stud-bumps. The technology enables integration densities of up to 1600/cm 2 while delivering suitable water leak rates for realistic implantation durations of miniaturized packages (feedthrough-count $>50$, package-volume $<2$ cm $^{3})$ of more than 50 years. All manufacturing steps require temperatures below $420 ^{\circ}\mathrm {C}$ and are suitable for maskless rapid prototyping.

Abstract We investigated the chemical doping of the single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) networks by a treatment with aromatic amines. Adsorption and intercalation of amine molecules in bundled SWCNTs leads to typical n‐type doping observed already for alkali metals. The electron donation to SWCNTs is demonstrated by the X‐ray‐induced photoelectron spectra (XPS), where the carbon C 1s peak observed at 284.4 eV for the sp2 carbon in pristine samples is shifted by up to 0.3 eV to higher binding energy upon chemical treatment. The development of a Breit‐Wigner‐Fano component on the lower energy side of the G− mode in the Raman spectrum as well as a shift of the G+ to lower frequency provide evidence for charge accumulation in the nanotube π system, and indication for the n‐type doping. The spectroscopic changes are accompanied by the modification of the electrical properties of the SWCNTs. A reduction of conductivity depends on the doping level and implies the decreasing concentration of the charge carriers in the naturally p‐doped tubes. Comparing the two selected n‐type dopants, the tetramethyl‐p‐phenylenediamine, shows more pronounced changes in the XPS and the Raman spectra than tetramethylpyrazine, indicating that the sp3 hybridization of nitrogen in the amine groups attached to phenyl ring is much more effective in interaction with the tube π system than the sp2 hybridization of nitrogen in the aromatic pyrazine ring.