Singhania University

Sami Ahmad Khan’s Aliens in Delhi exhibits diverse issues in a speculative world. The unique intermixing of narratives within the novel aligns with Stacy Alaimo’s concept of trans-corporeality, which emphasizes that the “trans-corporeal subject is generated through and entangled with biological, technological, economic, social, political and other systems, processes and events, at vastly different scales.” By applying Alaimo’s idea, this paper aims to define and develop the term “programmed corporeality” within and beyond its algorithmic connotation. An analysis of the novel reveals the horrific intrusion of “aliens” onto the Earth’s diverse ecologies, putting the human corporeal self at risk, as it is transformed via a mutation of the human genome caused by aliens through cellphone radiation. The novel questions the idea of human exceptionalism as aliens attempt to reclaim the Earth as their long-lost ancestral home, while humans resist using their technological knowledge, leading to a state of war. Bringing posthumanism into dialogue with horror studies, programmed corporeality helps us rethink the implications of discourse in the context of self-organizing phenomena of material entanglement. This article also connects Francesca Ferrando’s post-dualism—“the final deconstruction of the human”—to explain how the concept of programmed corporeality can critique many pressing issues within and beyond the ecological crisis: speculative dimension, genetic engineering, speciesism, interpellation, neo-colonialism, the spatial differences of national borders triggered by geopolitics, and the deconstruction of different binary relations.

The seeking of social justice in Nepal is still being defined by age-old caste stratifications, pessimistic views of the world, and cultural regulations, which inhibit civic agency. In the same landscape, the Thaha Movement based on the philosophy of thaha or critical knowing by Rupchandra Bista, presents a valuable framework that would put forward a challenge on the epistemic principles of inequality. This work is going to explore the ideas of awareness, anti-fatalism, and rational discipline by Bista as the prism through which the concept of social justice in Nepal can be seen and how the Thaha Movement is related to the larger processes of social change. A conceptual review based on PRISMA with systematic search, screening and thematic synthesis of 21 relevant articles was undertaken based on their retrieval in academic databases and registers. The results show that the critical awareness importance placed on by Bista is an emancipatory instrument that helps individuals and communities to challenge the oppressive social systems. His fatality criticism is also an interruption of cultural discourse to justify inequality and clear conceptual space of agency and group empowerment. Moreover, the rational discipline he advocates connects the individual sense of ethical responsibility to systemic justice, which can make contributions to ethical governance and democracy. Generally speaking, the review presents the contemporary usefulness of the philosophy developed by Bista and emphasizes the prospects of the application of the Thaha Movement to shape more participatory, fair, and critically based methods of effecting change in Nepal.

In this age of fast digital transformation, financial institutions are rapidly incorporating advanced technology to improve cybersecurity and operational transparency. This study investigates the collaborative function of FinTech systems, blockchain technology, and big data analytics in improving financial security. The study uses structural equation modeling and hypothesis testing, based on data obtained from 324 industry experts across major Indian urban areas via purposive and convenience sampling. The findings elucidate that FinTech acceptance has a major impact on both blockchain deployment and big data capacity, hence mediating the path to secure financial ecosystems. The research model's robustness is confirmed by its reliability, and discriminant assessments. These findings add to scholarly and practical discussions by building an integrated technological framework that supports resilience, transparency, and confidence in digital banking. The study provides vital insights for policymakers, FinTech innovators, and security professionals, while also accenting the importance of longitudinal and cross-regional research to validate and build on these findings.

This article introduces an innovative text summarization mechanism designed to tackle the inherent challenges of condensing lengthy and unstructured legal documents in the context of India. The authors' primary aim is to create a system proficient in extracting crucial information from these documents, producing concise summaries akin to those crafted by humans. The proposed methodology frames summarization as a binary classification problem, employing an extractive summarization technique rooted in statistical features and word vectors. The system strategically identifies summary statements from the comprehensive input text section. To automate the summarization process, they leverage various classifiers, including logistic regression, gradient boosting, and neural networks. Through this multifaceted approach, they endeavor to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of legal document summarization, addressing a critical need in the field.

This paper examine the impact of Cooperative variables on the performance of selected cooperatives in Nepal. A sample of 400 members from primary cooperatives in Sudurpaschim Province was selected using stratified random sampling, with primary data gathered through a semi-structured questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using with statistical tools such as correlation and regression analysis. The results show a significant positive relationship between professionalization, accountability, and cooperative performance. Additionally, participation and transparency have a positive but insignificant effect on performance, while legitimacy shows an insignificant negative relationship. The study concludes that cooperative performance is influenced by like legitimacy, participation, professionalization, accountability, and transparency. The research highlights the critical role in enhancing the quality of life for cooperative members, contributing to performance improvements. This study adds to the literature by identifying key elements that impact cooperative performance in a developing nation context.

Owing to the proliferation of mobile devices, Google’s Android operating system has become a dominant force in global communication. However, its popularity makes it a prime target for cyberattacks. Effective malware detection systems are crucial for combating these escalating threats, particularly amid the evolving use of adversarial examples to evade detection. These systems employ static and dynamic analysis methodologies with machine learning, particularly Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), which play a key role. The Android Opcode Modification GAN enhances malware detection by intelligently modifying opcode distribution features using the Opcode Frequency Optimal Adjustment algorithm. Despite its effectiveness, the dual-opponent generative adversarial network (DOpGAN) introduces a grey-box attack strategy that misclassifies generated examples as benign, significantly evading detection. DOpGAN operates by altering opcode distribution features during the generation and insertion process, making it particularly challenging for detection systems to classify correctly. The adversarial examples generated by DOpGAN highlight the critical need to integrate defensive measures such as adversarial example detection systems into the Android security framework. Beyond evasion, these adversarial examples provide invaluable opportunities for retraining and improving malware detection systems, thereby ensuring their resilience against emerging threats. The findings underscore the broader need for continuous innovation in Android security mechanisms, fostering collaboration between academia and industry to protect users and systems in an ever-evolving mobile security landscape.

In the recent past, microbiome manipulation has emerged as a promising approach to improve plant growth performance by exploring the deep insight of plant–microbe interactions. The exploration of a plant microbiome either present on an ectosphere or endosphere can provide a far better understanding about the potential application of plant-associated microbes for the improvement of plant growth, protection from pathogen invasion, and tolerance to environmental stresses of a diverse nature. In this context, next-generation sequencing methods, omics approaches, and synthetic biology have made significant progress in plant microbiome research and are being frequently used to explore the intriguing role of plant-associated microorganisms. Despite the successfulness of conventional approaches, the incorporation of CRISPR/Cas9, RNA interference technology, rhizosphere engineering, microbiome engineering, and other manipulation techniques appear to be a promising approach to enhancing plant performance, and tolerance against biotic and abiotic stress factors. The present review presents the significance of plant microbe interaction, vital functional aspects, collaborative action, potential constraints, and finally the latest developments in bioengineering approaches destined for microbiome modulation with an objective to improve the performance of a host plant challenged with environmental stressors.

This article offers a comprehensive analysis of child labour in Nepal, emphasizing the socio-economic factors that sustain this pervasive issue. It delves into the historical evolution of child labour, the legal frameworks governing childhood, and the interplay of poverty, illiteracy, and cultural norms that perpetuate the exploitation of children. The 2015 earthquake is identified as a critical event that intensified child labour due to its profound socio-economic repercussions. The article also examines the regional and industrial distribution of child labour, revealing a multifaceted problem deeply rooted in Nepal’s socioeconomic fabric. While legislative measures, such as the Child Labour Act, are recognized, the persistent challenges in enforcement, particularly within the informal sector, are highlighted. The article concludes by advocating for a holistic and sustained approach to eradicate child labour, ensuring the protection of children’s rights and fostering a society that prioritizes their development and well-being.

Nepal has been practicing theories of Human Resources Management (HRM) in the organizations only from few decades. The Diversity and Inclusion (D&I) are the relatively new topics in the country. In the 1980s, diversity management (DM) concepts first appeared in the United States. The majority of the European Union's industrialized nations have led the way in diversity management. No research hasn't been done on how HRM has changed as a field or how inclusion and diversity are now considered and discussed in Nepalese organizations. Examining the state of DM and included in Nepalese organizations will aid in shaping HR professionals' and legislators' perspectives on the importance of DM and I in Nepal. This study is basically based on desk review with the qualitative approach. Larger corporations in Nepal are still struggling to understand workplace inclusion and equality, though the community and nonprofit organisations have demonstrated a greater level of interest. In order to spread awareness of diversity and inclusion in the nation, several industries have taken some action. The article was developed by carefully reviewing previous, pertinent papers and articles. The article attempts to provide an exploratory review seeking to perspectives of Nepal government and international agencies regarding D&I through rigorous analysis of the available literature. This article discusses the government policies and initiatives take by international agencies to foster D& I in Nepal. The UN related organizations and ILO in Nepal have been emphasizing continuously for the need of adopting the principles of D&I in the human of profit making and non-profit making organizations in the country. The preamble of Nepalese Constitution 2015 has highlighted the inclusion to be ensured in all the structures of the government and the private sectors. The UN agencies and ILO Nepal in Nepal have taken remarkable steps for promoting the principles of D&I through Gender Equality and Social Inclusion (GESI) and other frameworks in the non-profit and profitmaking organizations in Nepal.

This paper explores the Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) classification of multispectral images in the Municipal Corporation of Kalyan-Dombivali city, Thane district, Maharashtra State, India. The research work utilizes a Landsat 8 OLI-level 2 images from 2023 year and applies the supervised classification techniques: Support Vector Machine (SVM), Maximum Likelihood Classifier (MLC), Random Forest (RF), and Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) to categorize an image into five LULC classes: Water body, Built-up area, Vegetation area, Barren area, and Agriculture area. The purpose of this research work is to evaluate and compare the performance of these classifiers by evaluating metrics such as User's accuracy, Producer's accuracy, F1 score, Overall accuracy, and Kappa coefficient. After performing the evaluation, it is observed that, the SVM classifier technique achieves the highest results, with an overall accuracy of 94.43% and a kappa coefficient of 0.92, following with the MLC classifier technique which results an overall accuracy of 90.84% and a kappa coefficient of 0.86. The Random Forest classifier technique achieves an overall accuracy of 88.24% and a kappa coefficient of 0.83. The SAM classifier technique, performing the least effectively among the techniques mentioned, achieves an overall accuracy of 82.79% and a kappa coefficient of 0.71. This research work delivers valuable perspectives into land use and land cover classification, supporting the evaluation and sustainable resources management in the investigation area. The observations of this research work is useful to improve decision-evaluation methods and provide a robust foundation for future research endeavors in the region.