Sonnenhalde (Switzerland)

A new species of Triaenodes tipmaneei sp. nov. is described and illustrated based on the male and female genitalia. The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) of the new species and of the most similar species T. themis Malicky and Prommi 2006 were analyzed. The male genitalia of Triaenodes tipmaneei sp. nov. is distinguished from other species in the genus by the shape of inferior appendages. Inferior appendages of the new species are without recurved processes; the dorsal branch is divided into a dorsal lobe and two processes, with the upper process curved upward and bifid, and the lower process slender and with pointed apex; the main body of the appendage has a short slender apicolateral process, the mesal process is short and pointed, the ventral process is stout, and the apex is pointed. The genetic distance betweenT. tipmaneeisp. nov. andT. themis, based on the mtDNA COI region, was 8.5 precent, indicating a large genetic differentiation between the two species.

Five new species of the genus Rhyacophila Stephens (Trichoptera: Rhyacophilidae) are described mainly based on adults from southwestern Hokkaido, northern Japan: R. eniwa Ito & Kuhara sp. nov. of the R. sibirica Species Group, R. bifue Ito & Kuhara sp. nov., R. imakane Ito & Kuhara sp. nov. and R. misago Ito & Kuhara sp. nov. of the R. kalkatica Species Group, and R. shimamaki Ito & Kuhara sp. nov., of an unknown species group. Also reported are records of R. arefini Lukyanchenko, a species similar to R. eniwa sp. nov., and R. hamata Hattori & Ohkawa, a species similar to the three new species of the R. kalkatica Species Group.

Over 300 million individuals worldwide suffer from major depressive disorder (MDD). Individuals with MDD are less physically active than healthy people which results in lower cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and less favorable perceived fitness compared with healthy controls. Additionally, individuals with MDD may show autonomic system dysfunction. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the CRF, perceived fitness and autonomic function in in-patients with MDD of different severity compared with healthy controls. We used data from 212 in-patients (age: 40.7 ± 12.6 y, 53% female) with MDD and from 141 healthy controls (age: 36.7 ± 12.7 y, 58% female). We assessed CRF with the Åstrand-Rhyming test, self-reported perceived fitness and autonomic function by heart rate variability (HRV). In specific, we used resting heart rate, time- and frequency-based parameters for HRV. In-patients completed the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) to self-assess the subjectively rated severity of depression. Based on these scores, participants were grouped into mild, moderate and severe MDD. The main finding was an inverse association between depression severity and CRF as well as perceived fitness compared with healthy controls. Resting heart rate was elevated with increasing depression severity. The time-based but not the frequency-based autonomic function parameters showed an inverse association with depression severity. The pattern of results suggests that among in-patients with major depressive disorder, those with particularly high self-assessed severity scores show a lower CRF, less favorable perceived fitness and partial autonomic dysfunction compared to healthy controls. To counteract these conditions, physical activity interventions may be effective.

The larva ofIsoperla orobicaRavizza, 1975, an endemic Alpine species, is described with information about the distribution and ecology in Switzerland. New barcodes were generated to support the association between life stages. The species is associated with springs and spring brooklets. In Switzerland, the species occurs almost exclusively on the southern slopes of the Alps in the cantons Valais, Ticino and Grisons.

Physical activity guidelines are recognized as an important element of a national approach to promote physical activity. This publication summarizes the approach and process taken to update the Swiss Guidelines, discusses experiences and identifies challenges. The multistage project involved to: 1) summarize the scientific evidence underpinning the 2020-edition of the WHO guidelines; 2) to systematically analyze the existing Swiss guidelines for different target groups and to develop proposals for updates 3) a participatory process to gain consensus with the main interested groups 4) to finalize the guidelines. Updated guidelines were adopted for infants, pre-school children, children and young people, adults, older adults and pregnant and postpartum women, in most cases adopting the WHO guidelines. Children, young people and adults living with disability and adults and older adults with chronic conditions are specifically addressed in each of the general guidelines, rather than adopting separate guidelines for each of these groups as done by the WHO. The systematic approach in identifying aspects to update, the participatory approach and a strong scientific consortium with different thematic backgrounds were key strengths in the process. Challenges included the large amount of feedback and finding scientifically sound compromises. The updated versions of the Swiss national guidelines for small children, young people, adults and women during and after pregnancy provide an excellent basis to further promote physical activity in Switzerland. A remaining key task is to develop a range of communication tools and materials for different target groups beyond the circle of experts and interested groups, considering available evidence on optimal messaging and best outlet tools and channels.

Abstract Background The physical activity counseling for in-patients with major depression (PACINPAT) randomized controlled trial was launched to tackle physical inactivity in in-patients with major depressive disorder. Evidence shows that despite potential treatment effects, physical inactivity is prevalent in this population. To contribute to the assessment of the impact of this in-person and remote, theory-based, individually tailored intervention, the aim of this study is to evaluate its implementation. Methods This implementation evaluation was conducted within a multi-center randomized controlled trial according to the Process Evaluation Framework by the Medical Research Council including the analysis of reach, dose, fidelity and adaptation. Data were collected from the implementers and the participants randomized to the intervention group of the trial. Results The study sample comprised 95 physically inactive in-patients (mean age: 42 years, 53% women) with diagnosed major depressive disorder. The intervention reached the intended population. The intervention dose varied between early dropouts and study completers with both low and high participation rates. Differences in the attendance groups were recognizable in the first two counseling sessions. Fidelity of the in-person counseling content was partly achieved and adapted, whereas that of the remote counseling content was well achieved. Participants reported satisfaction with the intervention and the implementers. Adaptations were made to content, delivery mode and dose. Conclusion The PACINPAT trial was implemented in the intended population, in varying doses and with adaptations made to in-person counseling content and remote counseling dose. These findings are key to understanding outcome analyses, further developing interventions and contributing to implementation research. Trial registration: ISRCTN, ISRCTN10469580, registered on 3rd September 2018, https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN10469580

ObjectiveCatatonia is a neuropsychiatric syndrome, with important psychomotor features, associated with schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders. The syndrome comprises multiple symptoms including abnormal motor control, behaviors, volition, and autonomic regulation. Catatonia assessment relies on clinical rating scales and clinicians familiar with the catatonia exam. However, objective instrumentation may aid the detection of catatonia. We aimed to investigate the relationship between movement parameters derived from actigraphy and expert ratings of catatonia symptoms measured by the Bush Francis Catatonia Rating Scale (BFCRS) and the Northoff Catatonia scale (NCS).MethodsEighty-six acutely ill inpatients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders were assessed with the BFCRS, the NCS, and 24 h continuous actigraphy. Non-wear and sleep periods were removed from the actigraphy data prior to analysis. Associations between total catatonia scores, derived from both BFCRS and NCS, and actigraphy parameters as well as between single BFCRS items and actigraphy parameters were calculated using Spearman's rank correlation and non-parametric ANCOVAs (Quade's ANCOVAs), respectively.ResultsBoth higher BFCRS total scores (r = 0.369, p = 0.006) and NCS total scores (r = 0.384, p = 0.004) were associated with lower activity levels (AL). Higher scores on single BFCRS items such as immobility/stupor or staring were linked to lower AL (immobility/stupor: F = 17.388, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.175; staring: F = 7.849, p = 0.001, η2 = 0.162) and lower metabolic equivalents of task (MET).ConclusionSpecific catatonia symptoms such as immobility/stupor and staring can be measured with actigraphy. This may aid the detection, staging, and monitoring of catatonia in clinical settings.

Background: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic primary pain condition, associated with widespread musculoskeletal pain, disturbed sleep, fatigue, cognitive dysfunction, and a range of comorbid conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome, and depression. Despite its high prevalence of 2% in the general population, FM continues to pose scientific and clinical challenges in definition, etiology, and day-to-day management. In terms of treatment, FM can be treated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs).Objective: Patients with FM and other chronic primary pain syndromes are known to experience substantial and clinically relevant placebo effects. An update of the placebo responses for various outcomes in the FM population and especially a discussion about clinical implications is therefore needed.Methods: We used data from a large data pool that includes randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining within-placebo mean change scores of baseline vs. follow-up assessments in FM trials of SSRIs and SNRIs. The primary outcomes were pain, functional disability, and depression and using different scales. We assessed heterogeneity of included trials.Results: A total of 29 RCTs with N = 8,453 patients suffering from FM were included in our analysis. Within-placebo mean change scores of baseline vs. follow-up assessments were large for pain (mean change = 2.31, 95% CI: 0.42–4.21, p = 0.017), functional disability (mean change = 3.31, 95% CI: 2.37–4.26, p < 0.000), and depression (mean change = 1.55, 95% CI: 0.92–2.18, p < 0.000). Heterogeneity was found to be large for all outcomes.Impact: Our results provide preliminary evidence that placebo responses, which also consist of non-specific effects, might play a role in the treatment of FM. Furthermore, we highlight limitations of our analyses and make suggestions for future studies.