Sonoma State University

Franciscan subduction accretionary complex rocks of the San Francisco Bay area, California, USA, constitute the basement rocks of several Cenozoic fault-bounded blocks of which the Tiburon Block is one. Strike-slip faulting has moved the blocks, including the Tiburon Block, by several to hundreds of kilometers, juxtaposing rocks from different parts of the accretionary complex. In addition, within the Tiburon Block syn- and post-accretion faulting—including out-of-sequence faulting and cross-strike faulting—and post-accretion folding deform the primary accretionary complex structure. Inter-fault sub-blocks of the Tiburon Block have different tectonostratigraphic characteristics and hence, different histories. The tectonostratigraphies, structures, and correlations of the sub-blocks together clarify the nature and deformational history of the Tiburon Block, allowing a generalized reconstruction of the primary accretionary architecture for this part of the Franciscan Complex. Recognition of cross-strike faulting and other post-accretion deformation is essential for reconstructing the geologic history of this and other parts of the Franciscan Complex and for reconstructing the structure and histories of other accretionary complexes worldwide in which post-accretion deformation affects accretionary complex architecture.

MOF–COF hybrids combine MOF tunability with COF stability, offering a powerful platform for electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction. Despite synthetic and structural challenges, early results are highly promising. Targeted innovation and advanced characterization could unlock their full CO₂RR potential.

Despite the promise of reflective consultation and the beneficial impacts it may have on enhancing early childhood educator social-emotional well-being and competence, there is limited research on reflective consultation with early childhood educators. The current project, Escúchanos, examined how English-speaking and bilingual Spanish-English early childhood educators (n =16, 6 White, 9 Latina, 1 Asian/Pacific Islander) in the United States experienced reflective consultation at their child care centers. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in the participant's preferred language to provide a better understanding of the perceived benefits and suggested improvements for delivering reflective consultation in early childhood and education settings. Early childhood educators in the study were provided with reflective consultation sessions over 7 months offered by trained mental health consultants in a linguistically responsive manner. Given the cultural and linguistic diversity of the early childhood workforce, this study contributes to the practice of providing culturally and linguistically responsive reflective consultation. Findings from this study suggest that reflective consultation offered early childhood educators with the: space to express feelings; time to take a pause; opportunities to work as a team; and an enhanced awareness of self and others.

A fundamental goal in ecology is to understand the drivers of stability in natural ecosystems in the face of disturbances. However, this is challenging when biotic and abiotic stressors operate simultaneously across multiple spatial scales. Such is the case for bull kelp forests (Nereocystis luetkeana) in northern California, where losses of predators combined with marine heatwaves have led to shifts from kelp forest to sea urchin barren states. However, despite the >90% loss of bull kelp forests since 2014, some patches remain. Here, we investigate the bull kelp community assemblage in these remnant patches as well as the drivers of bull kelp forest resistance. We used a combination of in situ field surveys (years 2020–2022), remote sensing data (years 2016–2022), and a laboratory grazing experiment with urchins (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus). We found that, in addition to the two dominant states (kelp forest vs. urchin barren), there is a third community state dominated by understory canopy‐forming macroalgae that stays subsurface. Moreover, bull kelp abundance and cover were positively associated with freshwater flow and proximity to freshwater sources, and bull kelp persistence was positively associated with sand cover, all of which seem to diminish sea urchin abundance and the negative effects of sea urchin herbivory on bull kelp. This was also shown in the laboratory experiment where sea urchin herbivory rates on bull kelp decreased with decreasing salinity. Overall, these results suggest that freshwater influence in shallow coastal environments could prevent loss of bull kelp and show that land–sea connections should be considered for species‐specific management and conservation actions.

Apex predators are typically considered dietary generalists, which often masks individual variability. However, individual specialization-consistent differences among individuals in resource use or ecological role-is common in apex predators. In some species, only a few specialized individuals can significantly impact prey populations. Leopard seals (Hydrurga leptonyx) are apex predators important to the structure and function of the Southern Ocean ecosystem. Though broadly described as generalists, little is known about their trophic ecology at the population or individual level. We analyzed δ13C and δ15N profiles in whiskers (n = 46) from 34 leopard seals in the Western Antarctic Peninsula to assess trophic variation. We also evaluated individual consistency across years using repeat samples from 7 seals over 2-10 years. We compared population and individual isotopic niche space and explored drivers of intraspecific variation in leopard seal trophic ecology. We find that leopard seals have a broad trophic niche (range: 6.96%-15.21‰) and are generalists at the population level. However, most individuals are specialists (59% for δ15N and δ13C), with only a few generalists (13% for δ15N, 6% for δ13C). Individuals also specialize at different trophic levels. Most variation in trophic ecology is driven by individual specialization, but sex and mass also contribute. We also find that some seals specialize over time, consistently foraging at the same trophic level, while others switch within and between years. This suggests some seals may disproportionately impact prey, especially when specialists consistently target specific species. Long-term specialization by a few leopard seals likely contributed to the decline of the local Antarctic fur seal population. Our findings show the importance of examining individual specialization in leopard seals across their range to understand their impact on other prey populations. This approach should be applied to other apex predator populations, as a few specialists can significantly impact ecosystems.

This article uses interviews with southern surfers, surfboard shapers and surf shop owners to chronicle the history of surfing in the American South and interrogate the relationship between oral history and sport. ‘Talking story’ is a Hawaiian phrase for chatting among family and friends. The storytelling tradition also allows elders to pass on knowledge and wisdom to younger generations. Surfers around the world talk story when reminiscing about the sport and their lives. As with the global embrace of wave riding, the practice of talking story by non-Hawaiian surfers treads a fine line between cultural appropriation and heartfelt homage to the sport’s Indigenous island heritage. Based on over forty interviews with surfers from Texas through Virginia, this article analyses the political and methodological issues at the intersection between talking story and oral history.

Okanagana monochroma sp. nov. is described from a unique and geographically isolated serpentine ecosystem in Northern California. The new species is diagnosed from other Okanagana Distant by a combination of morphological and bioacoustic characters. We provide a description of the calling song, habitat, and host plant associations of O. monochroma sp. nov., and present hypotheses for possible endemism models to explain its remarkably narrow geographic range, which may be the smallest of any North American cicada.