Southern University

Achieving sustainable competitive advantage has become increasingly complex amid intense global environmental pressures. While leadership is widely recognized as an enabler of competitiveness, little is known about how top management's green inclusive leadership fosters sustainable competitive advantage through dynamic organizational capabilities such as green shared vision and green mindfulness. Drawing on the natural resource-based view, we theorize that top management's green inclusive leadership strengthens sustainable competitive advantage in manufacturing firms through these capabilities and that internal corporate social responsibility communication reinforces these effects. Data were collected in two waves from a purposive sample of 215 middle-level managers working in Pakistan's manufacturing sector and analyzed using PROCESS macro models in SPSS. We found that green inclusive leadership directly predicts sustainable competitive advantage, and that green mindfulness, but not green shared vision, mediates this relationship. We also identify a sequential pathway in which green inclusive leadership enhances green shared vision, which subsequently fosters green mindfulness, thereby improving sustainable competitive advantage. Crucially, this sequential mediation is stronger when internal corporate social responsibility communication is high, underscoring the role of communication as a strategic organizational capability. By integrating leadership, vision, mindfulness, and communication, this study advances the natural resource-based view and demonstrates how sustainability messages shared within organizations deepen employee engagement with leadership-driven environmental strategies.

The liver is a vital organ that carries out essential tasks. Drinking too much alcohol, not eating well, and having autoimmune illnesses can all damage it. For thousands of years, people have used herbal medicines to treat issues with the liver and other internal organs. Recently, these treatments have been widespread across the world as a way to treat a wide range of liver disorders. This study aimed to see if the ethanolic extract of Caesalpinia pulcherrima leaves might protect the liver from damage caused by CCl4 in albino rats. The study found that SGPT levels were statistically significant (p<0.05) at 300 mg/kg, 600 mg/kg, and 900 mg/kg of Caesalpinia pulcherrima extract. SGOT levels were only significant (p<0.05) at the extract's 600 mg/kg dose. For urea and creatinine, the creatinine levels showed statistically significant results (p<0.05) at dosages of 300 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg. However, when looking at urea levels, the findings were statistically significant (p<0.05) at 600 mg/kg and 900 mg/kg dosages. The LDL and triglyceride levels did not show statistically significant results at any dose. However, the HDL and total cholesterol levels did show statistically significant results (p<0.05) at the 900 mg/kg dosage of Caesalpinia pulcherrima extract. The study implies that the extract of Caesalpinia pulcherrima might be a new and different way to treat chronic hepatotoxicity.

Piper nigrum L. (black pepper), a commonly utilized traditional herbal medicine, possesses possible anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties attributed to its alkaloids, especially piperine. This study assessed the effectiveness of a 70% ethanolic extract of dried leaves of Piper nigrum in male Wistar rats. The anti-inflammatory effect was evaluated using carrageenan-induced paw edema. In contrast, the analgesic function was examined by acetic acid-induced writhes and tail-flick tests at dosages of 250, 500, 750, and 1000 mg/kg. The 750 mg/kg doses showed statistically significant inhibition of edema (p < 0.05) at 3 and 4 hours following carrageenan injection, demonstrating effects equivalent to ibuprofen. Only the maximum 1000 mg/kg test dose exhibited statistically significant analgesia (p < 0.05) in the writhing test. However, the tail-flick test demonstrated dose-dependent efficacy, with the 750 mg/kg dose being statistically significant (p < 0.05) at 2 and 4 hours. Phytochemical research revealed the presence of piperine and chabamide, which are likely to suppress the release of prostaglandins, mainly through piperine. Consequently, the findings reinforced the ethnopharmacological assertion regarding Piper nigrum, suggesting that its leaf extract may be a viable natural alternative to synthetic analgesics with reduced side effects. It warrants further investigation to contextualize chabamide's efficacy in optimizing therapeutic applications.

Abstract Automated vehicle detection within the advanced application framework of autonomous vehicles significantly enhances road safety compared to human drivers on roads and highways. However, the intelligent identification of road vehicles in a densely populated country like Bangladesh is challenging due to irregular traffic patterns, highly diverse vehicle types, a cluttered environment, and a lack of high‐quality datasets. This study proposes a system that utilizes computer vision technology to identify road vehicles with greater speed and accuracy. First, the dataset was collected and organized in Roboflow to identify the 21 classes of Bangladeshi native vehicle images, along with two additional classes for people and animals. Subsequently, the You Only Look Once v5 (YOLOv5) model underwent training on the dataset. This process produced bounding boxes, which were then refined using the non‐maximum suppression technique. The loss function complete intersection over union is employed to obtain the accurate regression bounding box of the vehicles. The MS COCO (Microsoft Common Objects in Context) dataset weights are included in the YOLOv5 deep learning network for transfer learning. Finally, Python TensorBoard was used to evaluate and visualize the model's performance. The model was developed and validated on the Google Colab platform. A set of experimental evaluations demonstrate that the proposed method is effective and efficient in recognizing Bangladeshi vehicles. In all test road scenarios, the proposed computer vision system for road vehicle identification achieved 95.8% accuracy and 0.3 ms processing time for 200 epochs. This research could lead to intelligent transportation systems and driverless vehicles in Bangladesh.

Television has the advantage that it is audio-visual (seen and heard), it can depict reality and also present events that are happening. TV9 Nahdlatul Ulama is a television station based on religious values. This TV was founded by the largest religious organization in Indonesia. As an economic institution, television is not only used as a means to spread organizational ideologies, but also takes into account business aspects to do well. This study aims to examine the performance of a religious television station amidst the intense competition in the television industry in Indonesia, and how media performance is affected by financial sources. By conducting in-depth interviews with key informants and direct observation, this research found that TV9 practices management principles in media management, even though there are several considerations for Nahdlatul Ulama management, TV9 involves personnel from Nahdlatul Ulama members in aspects of its management so that ideological transformation can run well. From the aspect of broadcast media performance, TV9 benefits from the very large mass base of Nahdlatul Ulama members in Indonesia. TV9 focuses on including Kiayi and Bunyai as inspiration for television program design and also includes Islamic boarding schools. In the culture of NU, Kiayi and Bunyai have a strategic position in the religious tradition of Nahdlatul Ulama.

Designing an embedded system to convert sign language to sound forms to communicate with the outside world can be a challenging yet rewarding project, especially for mute people. To convey a speaker's thought through sign language, hand shapes, hand orientation and movement, and facial expressions must be combined concurrently. This research is intended to design a system that translates sign language into sound forms to establish communication with the outside world for people who are deaf, those who can hear but cannot physically speak, or have trouble with spoken languages due to some other disabilities. They can thus receive prompt assistance and stay out of uncomfortable circumstances. Additionally, this system incorporates a tracking system that uses a global system for mobile communications (GSM)/ global positioning system (GPS) module to locate a person using a tracking device and send the location to previously saved emergency contact numbers so that someone nearby can quickly locate and assist the person. Typically, each nation has its own native sign language. This project will create a few essential and typical sentences and phrases in Bengali.