Społeczna Akademia Nauk

Background: Artificial intelligence is emerging as a promising tool in surgical oncology, with growing evidence suggesting potential applications in diagnostic support, intraoperative guidance, and perioperative risk assessment. In gastric cancer surgery, emerging applications range from AI-assisted endoscopic detection to data-driven perioperative risk prediction, while some technological developments, particularly in robotic autonomy, derive from broader surgical or experimental models that may inform future gastric procedures. Methods: A narrative review was conducted following established methodological standards, including the Scale for the Assessment of Narrative Review Articles (SANRA) and the Search-Appraisal-Synthesis-Analysis (SALSA) framework. English-language studies indexed in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science up to October 2025 were included. Evidence was synthesized thematically across five domains: AI-assisted anatomical recognition and lymphadenectomy support, autonomous robotic systems, early cancer detection, perioperative predictive and frailty models, and ethical and regulatory considerations. Results: AI-based computer vision and deep learning algorithms have demonstrated promising capabilities for real-time anatomical recognition, surgical phase classification, and intraoperative guidance, although evidence of direct patient-level benefit remains limited. In diagnostic settings, AI-assisted endoscopy and Raman spectroscopy have been shown to improve early lesion detection and reduce dependence on operator experience. Predictive models, including MySurgeryRisk and AI-driven frailty assessments, may support individualized prehabilitation planning and perioperative risk stratification. Persistent limitations include small and heterogeneous datasets, insufficient external validation, and unresolved concerns related to data privacy, algorithmic interpretability, and medico-legal responsibility. Conclusions: Artificial intelligence is progressively emerging as a promising tool in gastric cancer surgery, integrating automation, advanced analytics, and human clinical reasoning. Its safe and ethical adoption requires robust validation, transparent governance, and continuous surgeon oversight. When developed within human-centered and ethically grounded frameworks, AI can augment, rather than replace, surgical expertise, potentially advancing precision, safety, and equity in oncologic care.

Celem niniejszej pracy była ocena wpływu jednorazowej aplikacji oleju z lnianki siewnej (nazywanego również olejem rydzowym) na wybrane cechy skóry przedramion od strony przyśrodkowej, w tym stopień nawilżenia, przeznaskórkową utratę wody (TEWL) oraz elastyczność. W badaniu wzięło udział 20 zdrowych kobiet w wieku od 22 do 26 lat. Cechy skóry oceniano czterokrotnie: wyjściowo, po wykonaniu modelowego uszkodzenia bariery naskórkowej metodą tape stripping, a następnie po 1 godzinie od nałożenia badanego oleju na skórze uszkadzanej i nieuszkadzanej. Wykorzystano specjalistyczne urządzenia z certyfikacją do badań naukowych: korneometr, tewametr, kutometr i indentometr. Zaobserwowano istotny wzrost nawilżenia skóry po aplikacji oleju zarówno dla skóry uszkadzanej jak i nieuszkadzanej. Nie wskazano wpływu oleju z lnianki na funkcje barierowe naskórka (TEWL) ani parametry charakterysujące elestyczność oceniane kutometrycznie i identometrycznie. Wyniki badania potwierdzają, że olej rydzowy wykazuje szybkie działanie nawilżające. Nie obserwowano działania ograniczającego TEWL a obserwacja ta zbliża badany olej do olejów schnących. Brak wpływu na inne cechy biomechaniczne skóry, przy jednorazowej aplikacji nie definiuje braku takiego efektu dla wydłużonych protokołów stosowania, co jednak wymaga potwierdzenia empirycznego w kolejnych obserwacjach.

This article presents a novel application of the Future Workshop (FW) method in evaluating a university-based collaborative project. FW engages participants in critically examining a problem, envisioning an ideal solution, and developing actionable recommendations. We implemented FW to assess the Science Hub (SH) initiative, which fosters tripartite collaboration among academics, students, and external partners. Conducted over two sessions, FW involved 14 project team members in identifying barriers to cooperation, envisioning ideal stakeholder roles, and prioritizing feasible improvements to SH’s operational framework.

Immersive media provides users with engaging experiences that go beyond traditional media. Virtual reality (VR), an example of immersive media, is characterized by its ability to simulate real environments and interactions, offering a sense of presence in a virtual space. This article analyzes the potential use of virtual reality (VR) in overcoming communication barriers in higher education and identifies the possibilities of utilizing VR technology in the process of global collaboration within the academic environment. The text employs an exploratory research methodology as well as the methods of description, analysis, and synthesis.

Climate change and environmental degradation require inclusive and multidimensional strategies, in which women from Generation Z are emerging as key actors. This study explores how female university students from this generation perceive and prioritize social, political, economic, and technological dimensions of sustainable development, with a focus on respondents from Europe. A structured survey instrument, based on a SPET model (Social, Political, Economic, Technological), was administered to 834 female students at a highly internationalized university in Poland. The questionnaire was available in Polish and English to account for linguistic and cultural variation within the Western civilizational context. Quantitative analysis revealed that the political dimension—particularly international cooperation and legal regulations—was viewed as the most critical for environmental protection, followed by technological innovation in energy and resource management. Social and economic factors received relatively less emphasis, with skepticism toward consumer-level behavior change and shared economy models. This study offers a meaningful contribution to understanding gender- and generation-specific perspectives on environmental responsibility. It also provides a foundation for the development of socially grounded, culturally sensitive strategies in sustainability education and policymaking, with relevance for both academic researchers and public stakeholders.

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) represents a significant global health burden with considerable heterogeneity in clinical and molecular behavior. The anatomical site of tumor origin-proximal versus distal-has emerged as a determinant of prognosis and response to therapy. The aim of this paper is to elucidate the transcriptional and regulatory differences between proximal gastric cancer (PGC) and distal gastric cancer (DGC) through master regulator (MR) analysis. Methods: We analyzed RNA-seq data from TCGA-STAD and microarray data from GEO (GSE62254, GSE15459). Differential gene expression and MR analyses were performed using DESeq2, limma, corto, and RegEnrich pipelines. A harmonized matrix of 4785 genes was used for MR inference following normalization and batch correction. Functional enrichment and survival analyses were conducted to explore prognostic associations. Results: Among 364 TCGA and 492 GEO patients, PGC was associated with more aggressive clinicopathological features and poorer outcomes. We identified 998 DEGs distinguishing PGC and DGC. PGC showed increased FOXM1 (a key regulator of cell proliferation), STAT3, and NF-κB1 activity, while DGC displayed enriched GATA6, CDX2 (a marker of intestinal differentiation), and HNF4A signaling. Functional enrichment highlighted proliferative and inflammatory programs in PGC, and differentiation and metabolic pathways in DGC. MR activity stratified survival outcomes, reinforcing prognostic relevance. Conclusions: PGC and DGC are governed by distinct transcriptional regulators and signaling networks. Our findings provide a biological rationale for location-based stratification and inform targeted therapy development.

Conspiracy beliefs have been linked to perceptions of collective victimhood. We adopt an individual perspective on victimhood by investigating the relationship between conspiracy beliefs and the individual disposition to perceive and react to injustice as a victim, i.e., victim justice sensitivity (VJS). Data from two German samples (Ns = 370, 373) indicated a positive association between VJS and conspiracy mentality beyond conceptually related covariates (e.g., mistrust). In a multinational sample from 15 countries (N = 14,978), VJS was positively associated with both general and specific conspiracy beliefs (about vaccines and climate change) within countries, though these associations varied across countries. However, economic, sociopolitical and cultural country-level factors that might explain the cross-country variability (e.g., GDP, Human Freedom Index, individualism-collectivism), including indices of collective exposure to direct violence, did not moderate the studied associations. Future research should investigate the relationship between victimhood and conspiracy beliefs, considering both intraindividual and intergroup perspectives.

Artykuł analizuje rolę kobiet w zarządzaniu projektami, opierając się na badaniach empirycznych. Skupia się na kompetencjach, stylach zarządzania i wpływie kobiet na sukces projektów. Podkreślono umiejętności komunikacyjne, zdolność budowania relacji oraz elastyczne, empatyczne podejście kobiet do kierowania zespołem. Cechy te sprzyjają współpracy i efektywności zespołów. Zidentyfikowano również bariery, z jakimi mierzą się kobiety, takie jak uprzedzenia płciowe, nierówności w dostępie do stanowisk kierowniczych i stereotypy. Omówiono strategie przezwyciężania tych przeszkód oraz potrzebę promowania równości i różnorodności w organizacjach. Artykuł podkreśla, że kobiety wzbogacają procesy decyzyjne i przyczyniają się do sukcesów projektów. Zasugerowano potrzebę dalszych badań nad rolą kobiet w różnych sektorach i kulturach organizacyjnych.

W artykule omówiono proces prawny i administracyjny związany z utworzeniem okręgu krakowsko-śląskiego Lasów Państwowych z siedzibą w Cieszynie w 1938 roku. Analiza obejmuje kontekst historyczny, podstawy prawne oraz skutki administracyjne tej decyzji. W pracy szczegółowo przedstawiono decyzje polityczne oraz działania legislacyjne, które doprowadziły do powołania nowego okręgu leśnego.