Sri Lanka Law College

<title>Abstract</title> The academic success and well-being of students from single-parent families have been widely discussed in education and psychology research, with particular emphasis on the impact of mental health struggles on academic performance. This study conducts a systematic review of existing literature to explore whether students from single-parent families experience genuine mental health challenges that affect their academic outcomes or if mental health concerns are sometimes used as an excuse for poor performance. The research synthesizes findings from peer-reviewed studies published between 2020 and 2024, focusing on key themes such as mental health and academic achievement, socio-economic barriers, parental involvement, and institutional interventions. The findings reveal that students from single-parent households often face heightened levels of stress, anxiety, and depression, which contribute to lower academic engagement and performance. Socio-economic disadvantages further exacerbate these challenges by limiting access to educational resources, increasing financial burdens, and reducing parental supervision. However, some students demonstrate resilience and academic success despite these obstacles, benefiting from strong coping mechanisms, financial aid programs, and institutional support. Additionally, the study highlights the issue of mental health claims being misused in some cases, leading to concerns over academic accountability and the effectiveness of institutional policies in distinguishing genuine struggles from potential academic disengagement. This research has significant implications for educational institutions and policymakers. Schools and universities must balance providing necessary mental health and financial support with ensuring student accountability. Expanding awareness of mental health services, implementing structured parental engagement programs, and strengthening policies that support students from single-parent families can enhance educational equity. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies to better understand the long-term impact of family structure on academic success and mental well-being.

Expansion of power network has led to the construction of multiple transmission and distribution lines within constrained spaces inevitably resulting in them being mutually coupled. This introduces a new set of challenges to protection engineers to accurately determine the reach of conventional protection schemes like differential, distance and directional earth fault with carrier aided schemes, making accurate protection grading a complex task. Protection settings without meticulous investigation have led to maloperation of the relays which degrades the overall power system reliability. Zero-sequence impedance-based tripping logics have shown operational issues under such mutual coupling of power lines, whereas secondary tripping logic, such as negative sequence protection has warranted an accurate fault recognition. In this paper, the usability of negative sequence protection of such instances is extensively analysed to mitigate the nuisance tripping of such mutually coupled transmission lines. A realworld case study of relay maloperation is analysed using detailed PSCAD modelling of the network under different fault conditions with protection scheme applied. The results of the case study have revealed that the proposed scheme successfully eliminates the instances of incorrect tripping, ensuring precise fault identification across various fault scenarios, while maintaining compatibility with the existing protection coordination of mutually coupled lines.

Novel electrospun Cu–ZnO/CA nanohybrid membranes offer enhanced antimicrobial and photocatalytic activities, outperforming traditional ZnO-based materials.

The most prevalent cause of dementia in elderly persons is Alzheimer's Disease (AD), which is characterized by a progressive deterioration in cognitive function as a result of brain damage. The cholinergic system anomalies are the most severely affected. As cholinergic deficits could be treated by reversibly inhibiting the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme, inhibition of AChE has become one of the most promising therapy options for AD. The main goal of this study is to investigate the natural product inhibitors of AChE and their potential therapeutic value for the cholinergic hypothesis in the development of AD using molecular docking approach. The crystal structure of hAChE; PDB entry: 6O4W was used in this study. Ten selected drug candidates including Ginsensoside, Apigenin, Curcumin, Mangiferin, Galantamine, Resveratrol, Rivastigmine, Ribalinine, Caranine, and tazettine were docked in order to determine their binding affinities using Avagadro, pYrX, and Discovery Studio 2019 Client software. The bioavailability of the drugs was assessed by using swissADME web server obtaining bioavailability radar and pharmacokinetics was evaluated using protox web server. Then their recent progress in drug development in relation to their properties was discussed in the study. According to the Binding affinities of the inhibitors Apigenin, Ginsensoside, Curcumin, and Caranine showed the highest potential for inhibitory activity respectively. The re docking results showed that the conformation of the docked ligand sufficiently matches with the original ligand; hence the docking protocol was validated.

The currency has a significant meaning in everyday life. Researchers have suggested diverse approaches to improve currency recognition for visually impaired people by implementing portable devices and various image-processing techniques. However, only some of the nearly developed currency recognition systems cater to meet the Sri Lankan currency identification requirement. This paper presents a model that works on a mobile application based on a Convolutional Neural Network using a pre-trained model to identify currency notes in real time from a smartphone camera. Crucial factors in constructing this model are speed, accuracy, and size. A self-collected dataset of 14,000 Sri Lankan currency note images in numerous conditions was used for primary model training. Data augmentation, transfer learning through VGG16, VGG19, ResNet50, DenseNet, MobileNet, NASNet, and EfficientNet pre-trained models using bottleneck features and fine-tuning on top of bottleneck features are the main methods used in this model. This model reached above 98% in terms of testing accuracy using DenseNet121 with fine-tuning by testing 315 partially occulted, rotated Sri Lankan currency notes in different daylight conditions and cluttered backgrounds. The proposed model can recognize the currency note using TensorFlow Lite when it is pointed at the camera. The present research is limited to daylight image capturing to ensure the better performance of the model. The findings of this research would help visually impaired people to recognize Sri Lankan currency notes precisely and with less effort through the simple installation of a smartphone.

This paper presents an overview of integrating warehouse design and optimization modelling approach to enhance the supply chain performance. The approach is derived through a literature review as well as by considering the practitioners approach in the Sri Lankan context. The method is explained along with the framework to integrate the isolated solutions and derive the overall warehouse design solution, simulation, and optimization models. The main contribution of this paper is to guide the practitioners in consistently maintaining an optimum warehouse operation through warehouse design to enhance supply chain performance.

Objective To assess sex-based differences in the prevalence of risk factor, their management, and differences in the prognosis among acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in Sri Lanka. Methods Patients diagnosed with ACS were recruited from hospitals throughout the island. The Joint European Societies guidelines were used to assess recommended targets for coronary heart disease risk factors, and the GRACE score was used to assess the post-ACS prognosis. Age-adjusted regression was performed to calculate odds ratios for men versus women in risk factor control. Results A total of 2116 patients, of whom 1242 (58.7%) were men, were included. Significant proportion of women were nonsmokers; OR = 0.11 (95% CI 0.09 to 0.13). The prevalence of hypertension (p < 0.001), diabetes (p < 0.001), and dyslipidemia (p=0.004) was higher in women. The LDL-C target was achieved in a significantly higher percentage of women (12.6%); OR = 0.33 (95% CI 0.10 to 1.05). When stratified by age, no significant differences were observed in achieving the risk factor targets or management strategies used except for fasting blood sugar (p < 0.05) where more men achieved control target in both age categories. Majority of the ACS patients had either high or intermediate risk for one-year mortality as per the GRACE score. In-hospital and 1-year mean mortality risk was significantly higher among men of less than 65 years of age (p < 0.05). Conclusions Smoking is significantly lower among Sri Lankan women diagnosed with ACS. However, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia were more prevalent among them. There was no difference in primary and secondary preventive strategies and management in both sexes but could be further improved in both groups.

Climate change impacts are uncontrollable current issue for every country but the research is focused only on the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) countries and poverty of them as a result of climate change. Cyclone, flood, drought, deeper penetration of saline water, sea level rises, erratic rainfall, river bank erosion, impact of health, agricultural and food security are arose by climate change and as a result of them economic activities in countries can be restricted or limited to increase poverty. The hypothesis of the research is climate change impacts are one of the main reason for the poverty of the SAARC countries. The research questions are what are the climate change impacts of SAARC countries and are there any relationship between climate change impacts and poverty of SAARC countries and what are the solutions can be suggested to poverty of SAARC countries which are arose by climate change impacts. Main objective of the research is based to find the answers for the research questions. According to the methodology of the research the research is a qualitative research and based on the theoretical aspect statistics and details which are related to the topic. Therefore use secondary data which are published by internet, paper articles as well as books and research of other authors which are relevant to the topic and evaluate that whether climate change impacts of SAARC countries are a reason of their poverty or not. Moreover damages of infrastructure, barriers of urban development and energy development, matters of water management, Impact on agriculture, fishery and forest as well as damage for Investment of healthy economy and education, connectivity of trade and tourism, can be found as result of climate change of SAARC countries. As a result of Climate change will affect the poverty of SAARC countries and threatens the basic human securities because most of these countries have higher parts of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in agriculture and much higher expenditure parts on agricultural food products tourism, trade and industrial activities. However the final output of the research is there are impacts for poverty of SAARC countries as a result of climate change. Keywords: Climate change, SAARC, Poverty, GDP, Economic activities

Purpose: To review the published literature relating to disability in Sri Lanka, identify research gaps and inform priorities for action. Methods: A narrative literature review was undertaken and relevant articles extracted using electronic databases such as Medline and PubMed. The available literature was examined in relation to the nine key recommendations of the World Report on Disability. Results: Over the past 30 years, published disability research in Sri Lanka has primarily focussed on mental health, visual impairment and healthcare delivery. Significant gaps were apparent in evidence relating to the status and services for people with intellectual disability, policies and their impact, provider attitudes, barriers to education and employment, health workforce training and access to healthcare. Conclusions: While published studies provide insights on several dimensions of disability, there are important research gaps pointing to unmet needs that require attention to support the health and wellbeing of people living with disability in Sri Lanka. To address these gaps, it is imperative that a critical mass of multi-disciplinary researchers including people living with disabilities collaborate on a strategic program of research using effective participatory approaches that engage all sectors and communities relevant to uphold the rights of people living with disability.Implications for RehabilitationAll nine key recommendations in the World Report on Disability are highly pertinent to the needs and status of people living with disabilities in Sri Lanka.Significant gaps in research on disability-related health issues exist and warrant more focussed attention by researchers, funders and policy makers.It is imperative that national stakeholders including the Ministries of Health and Social Welfare, organisations representing people living with disability and related advocacy groups, work collaboratively to identify and implement a research strategy that would better inform disability policies and programmes that have access and equity as core principles.Implementation of a national disability survey by the Department of Census and Statistics, will help prioritize disability research in the country.