State Administration of Cultural Heritage

The evaluation of archeological heritage comprehensive utilization potential (CUP) is essential for heritage value recognition, conservation, and sustainable regional development. This study examines 125 archeological heritages in Henan section of the Yellow River basin and develops a CUP evaluation system across three dimensions: core value, existing conditions, and regional context. Spatial distribution of CUP is analyzed at watershed and administrative scales. Results show that: (1) overall CUP is generally low with significant differentiation, only 8% classified as high-potential; (2) driving mechanisms vary by potential type: high-potential heritages are primarily driven by core value, medium-potential heritages by existing conditions, and low-potential heritages benefit from regional context advantages; (3) CUP spatially clusters along watersheds and exhibits notable administrative gradient differences. The proposed multidimensional evaluation framework provides a scientific basis for differentiated heritage management and supports systematic integration and high-quality development of cultural heritage in the Henan section of the Yellow River basin.

Subway public spaces have been identified as a vital medium for showcasing urban culture. The design quality of these spaces has been shown to have a profound influence on passengers’ spatial perception and cultural experience. However, amid rapid urbanization, subway stations commonly face issues such as homogeneous spatial interfaces and unclear cultural themes, resulting in diminished station identifiability. This study integrates post-use evaluation with Importance–Performance Analysis (IPA) to establish an assessment and optimization pathway aimed at systematically identifying and prioritizing key design elements for enhancing cultural identifiability. Taking Tianjin Gulou Station as a case study, user feedback collected through questionnaires identified 12 indicators influencing identifiability satisfaction. The reliability and validity of the questionnaire were confirmed through validity analysis and paired-sample t-tests, while IPA was employed to clarify improvement priorities. The results indicate that the overall perceived importance of cultural identifiability at Gulou Station significantly exceeds satisfaction levels. Landmark installations, art walls, and vertical transportation fall within the “high importance-low satisfaction” quadrant, which is identified as a primary area of focus for enhancement. Basic interface elements such as flooring and ceilings require enhancement, while transfer entrances and station name walls constitute advantageous designs warranting preservation. Based on the findings of the present study, three targeted design strategies are proposed: enhancing spatial perception, constructing cultural continuity, and integrating multidimensional experiences. These approaches seek to address the “spatial-cultural” perception gap, providing actionable pathways for the distinctive renewal of subway spaces.

The site of Lehringen (Germany) has played a pivotal role in the study of the hunting behavior of Neanderthals. The finding of a 2.38m long wooden thrusting spear was at the time of discovery in 1948 the only complete Palaeolithic hunting tool, dating back to the last interglacial, approximately 125ka. The interrelation of the thrusting spear with the skeleton of a straight-tusked elephant has both been interpreted as direct evidence of hunting, or as a coincidental association. Here we report on results of the first systematic analysis of the faunal assemblage of the site including the remains of the straight-tusked elephant. Cut marks on several ribs and vertebrae of the elephant show that the animal was defleshed and probably eviscerated in a rather fresh state, indicating early access to the carcass by Neanderthals. Additionally, remains of aurochs, brown bear, and beaver show signs of butchery. It demonstrates that Neanderthals of the last interglacial at the northern limits of their known distribution were exploiting a wide range of animals on different occasions, including the largest prey of that time. In conclusion, Lehringen represents the most convincing Neanderthal site with evidence of a successful elephant hunt with a thrusting spear and demonstrates opportunistic hunting behavior during the Eemian.

This study tackles the challenges of documenting architectural heritage in Macao’s dense urban settings. Traditional methods are often inefficient and invasive for the complex materials of actively used temples. We propose a lightweight method that integrates portable 3D laser scanning with non-destructive testing (NDT), using the Kuan Tai and Tin Hau Temple in Taipa as a case study. A millimetre-accuracy 3D point cloud was used as a unified spatial framework to correlate multi-source inspection data. This framework spatially correlates multi-source data on elemental composition, thermal anomalies, and surface hardness. Our approach achieves high-precision digital documentation. It reveals that the primary degradation mechanism is sulfate-induced corrosion, caused by incense pollutants under high humidity. The entire system weighs under 4 kg, making it portable and minimally invasive. It provides a scientific basis for the preventive conservation and digital management of heritage in similar complex environments.

Recent advancements in skin bioelectronics have significantly transformed personalized daily healthcare monitoring and wound management. Consequently, the development of advanced smart wound-dressing systems, such as bioelectronics-integrated wound dressings, has the potential to address numerous clinical challenges associated with effective wound management. Herein, we introduce a versatile Janus film composed of MXene@PEDOT:PSS and bacterial cellulose (designated as MPP/BC), developed as an innovative and adaptable bioelectronics-integrated wound dressing. This material is designed to enhance skin bioelectronics for health monitoring while facilitating accelerated wound healing. The resulting MPP/BC Janus film exhibits remarkable flexibility, high conductivity, photothermal sterilization capabilities, and excellent biocompatibility. These essential characteristics render it suitable for integration into a versatile epidermal sensor capable of real-time monitoring of various human physiological signals. Furthermore, this MPP/BC Janus film-based wound dressing demonstrates significant potential in enhancing therapeutic efficacy to promote wound healing by facilitating epithelial regeneration and increasing collagen deposition. Consequently, this study introduces a promising strategy for developing advanced smart wound-dressing systems aimed at accelerating and optimizing the wound healing process. This bioelectronics-integrated wound dressing holds significant potential for applications in skin bioelectronics, particularly in continuous health monitoring and intelligent wound management.

Prompt tuning has shown promise for continual visual question answering (CVQA), facilitating modular and transferable knowledge across tasks. However, existing approaches often overlook the guiding role of prompts in the model’s implicit reasoning process. This oversight can lead to inconsistent reasoning paths and performance degradation across tasks. To address this issue, we propose the E Logic Prompt framework, which employs energy-based models (EBMs) to model the semantic compatibility between prompts and queries. In this framework, prompts function not only as adapters but also as reasoning guides that help maintain coherence throughout the inference process. The framework enforces logical consistency at three levels. At the input level, it selects semantically aligned prompts by minimizing the energy between queries and prompts. Within the model, it aligns intermediate representations with prompts across layers to preserve step-by-step reasoning. Across tasks, it applies energy-based constraints to regulate prompt behavior, effectively suppressing semantic drift and enabling prompt reuse. These three levels of consistency together enhance the guiding capacity of prompts, allowing them to steer the model toward more stable and coherent reasoning. Extensive experiments show that E Logic Prompt outperforms existing methods in both accuracy and knowledge retention, while effectively maintaining balanced cross-modal reasoning throughout continual learning.

The Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes are among the most significant historical and cultural sites in China, with the Dunhuang Mural serving as key representative artifacts. Due to natural erosion, human activities, and other factors, it is crucial to protect these frescoes authentically and accurately to ensure their preservation. To address this, we propose a technological framework, 3DSynBrush, for high-quality 3D reconstruction of Chinese painting data. First, single elements are extracted from the mural through the Perspective-Driven Synthesis (PDS) Module, and a sparse perspective is generated. The sparse view is then passed through the Neural Rendering Synthesizer to obtain a continuous view image, which ultimately meets the input requirements of the Light Field Fusion Meshing Module to achieve 3D reconstruction. 3DSynBrush aims to reconstruct a realistic model of the scene depicted using only a single primary view of the fresco. Moreover, we develope a high-quality Chinese Mural Elements dataset, termed CME. Compared to current 3D reconstruction algorithms, 3DSynBrush produces visually coherent results while using only 40% of the vertices and triangles, thereby minimizing computational resources.