State Duma

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh financial attitude, digital payment, lifestyle, dan financial knowledge terhadap financial well-being masyarakat di Provinsi Riau. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner daring terhadap 270 responden pengguna pembayaran digital dan dianalisis menggunakan metode PLS-SEM dengan bantuan SmartPLS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa financial attitude, digital payment, financial knowledge, dan lifestyle berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap financial well-being. Variabel financial knowledge memiliki pengaruh paling kuat dibandingkan variabel lainnya. Temuan ini menunjukkan pentingnya sikap, pengetahuan keuangan, serta pemanfaatan teknologi pembayaran digital secara bijak dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan keuangan masyarakat.

Heavy metal pollution in water systems disrupts ecosystems and poses serious public health risks. Bioremediation remains the most cost-effective and eco-friendly, relying on naturally occurring microorganisms to degrade or transform toxic contaminants. This study was aimed at stimulating microbial isolates from Wupa Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWWTP) with nutrients to remove heavy metals from effluents obtained. Wastewater samples collected from Wupa WWTP were analyzed for physicochemical parameters, including pH, electrical conductivity, turbidity, temperature, BOD, COD, TSS, TDS, and concentrations of zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and iron (Fe), using standard methods. Bacteria and fungi were isolated microbiologically, and a nine-day container experiment was conducted with four nutrient setups containing different concentrations of peptone (150 ml, 75 ml) and glucose (9 g, 4.5 g) to enhance microbial degradation capability. Biomass growth was monitored every three days using a UV spectrophotometer. The results revealed that physicochemical parameters of the treated and untreated wastewater exhibit significant differences (p<0.05), except for pH and temperature. All physicochemical parameters showed significant differences (p < 0.05) between treated and untreated wastewater, except pH and temperature. Heavy metal concentrations also differed significantly (p < 0.05), with Mn decreasing from 0.37±0.20 mg/L (untreated) to 0.31±0.10 mg/L (treated), Fe from 1.58±0.2 mg/L to 0.91±0.3 mg/L, and Zn from 0.501±0.10 mg/L to 0.501±0.10 mg/L. Eight bacterial species were isolated. The biostimulated microbial consortium effectively remediated Mn, Fe, and Zn by 66.8%, 60.5%, and 70.2%, respectively. This study demonstrates promising potential for heavy metal removal from wastewater treatment plants and industrial effluents.

In the 21st century, the rapid advance of space programs raises ethical concerns about the consequences of exploring and exploiting space resources. The concept note of the World Commission on the Ethics of Scientific Knowledge and Technology (COMEST) on the ethical considerations on space exploration and exploitation adopted in August 2024 states that “the international community is now in need of developing ethical principles for space exploration and exploitation that complement currently existing outer space treaties”. Key areas for future ethical regulation of space projects include prospects for commercial developments, space tourism programs, mining, and deep space exploration to study exoplanet atmospheres and search for terrestrial planets. Space exploration provides important knowledge that improves the quality of life and has a technological and innovative impact on society. The “inspiring factor” of space research is crucial for motivating future generations of scientists to develop science. However, it must be borne in mind that human activities pose significant risks to both near-Earth space and Earth’s ecosystems. The scale of space ethics proposed by COMEST will help systematize information about ethical uncertainty factors, risks and consequences of risks associated with initiatives in space exploration and exploitation.

Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) merupakan aspek fundamental dalam operasional kapal perikanan karena tingginya risiko kecelakaan kerja di lingkungan laut. Tingkat kepatuhan terhadap penyediaan dan penggunaan alat keselamatan kerja menjadi faktor penentu dalam pencegahan kecelakaan bagi awak kapal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kepatuhan penerapan K3 pada kapal longline berdasarkan regulasi nasional dan standar keselamatan internasional. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan observasional melalui pemeriksaan langsung terhadap ketersediaan alat pelindung diri, fasilitas kesehatan kerja, serta peralatan keselamatan kapal. Acuan penilaian meliputi Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1970 tentang Keselamatan Kerja, Undang-Undang Nomor 36 Tahun 2009 tentang Kesehatan, Peraturan Menteri Tenaga Kerja dan Transmigrasi Nomor 8 Tahun 2010, serta ketentuan SOLAS 1974. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar alat keselamatan kerja telah tersedia dan digunakan, namun masih ditemukan beberapa ketidaksesuaian terhadap standar yang berlaku, terutama pada aspek perlindungan kepala, kelengkapan kotak Pertolongan Pertama Pada Kecelakaan (P3K), serta ketersediaan rakit penolong. Temuan ini menunjukkan perlunya peningkatan pengawasan, pemenuhan standar keselamatan, dan penguatan budaya K3 guna meminimalkan risiko kecelakaan kerja di kapal perikanan. Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) is a critical aspect of fishing vessel operations due to the high risk of workplace accidents in the maritime environment. Compliance with the provision and use of safety equipment plays a key role in preventing accidents among crew members. This study aims to evaluate OHS compliance on longline fishing vessels based on national regulations and international safety standards. A descriptive research method with an observational approach was applied through direct inspection of personal protective equipment, occupational health facilities, and onboard safety equipment. The assessment criteria were based on Law Number 1 of 1970 on Occupational Safety, Law Number 36 of 2009 on Health, Regulation of the Minister of Manpower and Transmigration Number 8 of 2010, and the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) Convention 1974. The results indicate that most safety equipment is available and implemented; however, several non-compliances with established standards were identified, particularly regarding head protection, first aid kit completeness, and the availability of liferafts. These findings highlight the need for improved supervision, full compliance with safety standards, and the strengthening of OHS culture to reduce occupational accident risks on fishing vessels.

Policy paper ini membahas urgensi reformasi kebijakan di tengah tantangan yang dihadapi oleh pesantren khalafiyah, sebuah model pendidikan yang mengintegrasikan pesantren tradisional dengan madrasah formal. Meskipun model ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan lulusan yang kompeten secara akademik dan memiliki akhlak mulia , faktanya di lapangan menunjukkan adanya masalah struktural dan administratif yang rumit. Isu-isu seperti ketidakjelasan status kelembagaan, beban administrasi ganda, dan fragmentasi data pendidikan menghambat efektivitas operasional, berpotensi menurunkan kualitas pendidikan, serta mengikis kepercayaan masyarakat. Policy paper ini menjadi sangat penting karena masalah tersebut menghambat peran strategis pesantren khalafiyah dalam mencapai tujuan pendidikan nasional. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif-analitis, yang diawali dengan identifikasi masalah yang terus-menerus terjadi dan mengancam keberlanjutan lembaga. Analisis masalah dilakukan dengan dua metode utama. Pertama, menggunakan Analisis USG (Urgency, Seriousness, Growth) untuk memprioritaskan isu-isu yang paling krusial, di mana ketidakjelasan status kelembagaan teridentifikasi sebagai masalah paling mendesak dengan total skor tertinggi. Kedua, menggunakan diagram tulang ikan (fishbone diagram) untuk memvisualisasikan hubungan sebab-akibat dan mengidentifikasi akar masalah dari setiap isu yang teridentifikasi, yaitu perbedaan regulasi, standar kurikulum, dan struktur kelembagaan. Hasil penelitian mengidentifikasi empat masalah utama: 1) ketidakjelasan status kelembagaan yang diperparah oleh tumpang tindih regulasi; 2) kualitas pendidikan yang terancam akibat data yang tidak sinkron dan sulitnya penjaminan mutu; 3) fragmentasi data pendidikan karena penggunaan sistem basis data yang berbeda (EMIS dan Dapodik); dan 4) administrasi yang berbelit yang menyedot waktu dan sumber daya. Akar masalah utama dari semua isu ini Adalah dualisme kewenangan regulasi dan kurangnya harmonisasi kebijakan di tingkat kementerian.

The key problems of the Russian electric power industry, their consequences, and ways to solve them in the medium- and long-term periods are analyzed. It is shown that these problems have mainly been caused by the liberal “reform” of the electric power industry, by the disintegration of control system for managing interconnected processes consisting of electricity generation, transmission, distribution and consumption, as well as by shifting main targets from the social orientation of the fuel-and-energy sector (FES) and from securing accessible, reliable, high-quality, and economically efficient consumer power supply to achieving investment attractiveness, competitiveness, and gaining profits. It should be noted that the problems and objective difficulties can only be overcome through applying an integrated systems approach to improving and developing the technological, structural, organizational, and regulatory framework of the FES, as well as to securing technological and state sovereignty. The main principles of this systems approach are listed. A number of top priority measures have been proposed to achieve more efficient development and performance of the Russian electric power industry, including renewable, distributed, and space energy systems, as well as regulatory documents on the stimulation of reliable and high-quality power supply to consumers and the manufacture and application of innovative and energy-saving equipment and technologies. Special attention is paid to the need for enhancing the state in managing Russian Unified Energy System and the FES as a whole, which in the former Soviet Union were the most reliable and efficient in the world. They should have just the same qualities in the new Russia, which consist in the new capabilities of technology and in taking into account the best Russian domestic and international practices. It should be noted that the development of public-and-private partnership for innovative development based on the digital transformation of the industry and the revival of the competitive domestic electrical and instrument construction industry, as well as for creating new jobs and attracting talented young people to the electric power industry, are of greatest importance under the new conditions.

Аннотация Первый совхоз республики — так называлась экскурсия, которая в советские годы проводилась сотрудниками музея города Пушкино по территории бывшего первого, то есть передового совхоза «Лесные поляны». Из небольшого совхоза вблизи Москвы «Лесные поляны» вырос до передового сельскохозяйственного предприятия, куда съезжались перенимать опыт производства делегации не только со всех областей и республик Советского Союза, но и из стран «народной демократии» социалистического лагеря. А сегодня эта покинутая производством территория хранит в своей архитектуре память о великих годах социалистических свершений и обязана стать историко-культурным объектом. Abstract The first state farm of the republic was the name of the excursion, which in Soviet times was conducted by employees of the Pushkino city museum through the territory of the former first, that is, advanced state farm “Lesnye Polyany”. The article tells about the rich history of this unique corner of the Moscow region, as well as about the architectural ensemble that has been preserved since the mid-20th century. From a small state farm near Moscow, “Lesnye Polyany” grew to an advanced agricultural enterprise, where delegations not only from all regions and republics of the Soviet Union, but also from the countries of the “people's democracy” of the socialist camp came to learn from production experience. And today this territory, abandoned by production, preserves in its architecture the memory of the great years of socialist achievements and is obliged to become a historical and cultural object.

The capital market plays a crucial role in supporting economic growth by intermediating parties with excess funds with those requiring funds for productive activities. One of the main indicators of investment performance in the capital market is stock returns, which are the level of returns investors receive on their investments. Stock returns are influenced by various internal company factors and dynamic external market factors. This research is quantitative. It focuses on analyzing the effect of operating cash flow and capital structure on stock returns, with market volatility as a moderating variable in manufacturing companies in Indonesia. The results found that operating cash flow and capital structure influence stock returns. Market volatility moderates the effect of operating cash flow and capital structure on stock returns.

This article explores the heroic legacy of the Soviet people during the Great Patriotic War as an object of historical memory, and examines the contemporary actions of the Russian people framed as a continuation of the Russian people’s legacy of heroism, now expressed through the ongoing Special Military Operation (SMO). The 80th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War prompts renewed attention to the legitimacy of this continuity, which holds significant meaning for public life in Russia. Contemporary public narratives — particularly those invoking historical memory — often draw a direct line between the heroism of the Soviet and Russian peoples in their struggle against a persistent enemy: a nationalist ideology grounded in opposition to Russia and its people.The article analyzes various ways in which this continuity of heroism is constructed, including ideological similarities between enemies past and present; the participation of our country’s multiethnic population in combat; humanitarian efforts on the home front; the reorientation of industry toward military needs; and the self-sacrifice of soldiers. These parallels, rooted in the Russian nation’s historical memory, raise the question of whether the heroism of the Soviet and Russian peoples can be regarded as equivalent.Special attention is given to the role of specific phenomena, ideas, and symbols that maintain a strong connection with the historical memory of the people. The article emphasizes the importance of incorporating these historical symbols into educational and civic initiatives.Special emphasis is placed on the direct parallels in the way Russia was portrayed in the ideology of its adversaries then, during the Great Patriotic War, and now, in the context of the Special Military Operation.The article concludes with recommendations for improving domestic educational and public outreach efforts related to the Special Military Operation and offers proposals for commemorating the new heroes of the Russian homeland.

Kesenjangan ekonomi antarwilayah merupakan permasalahan penting dalam pembangunan Indonesia, yang salah satunya dapat dilihat melalui variasi Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB) pada tingkat Kabupaten/ Kota. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan kondisi ekonomi daerah di Indonesia dengan mengelompokkan Kabupaten/ Kota berdasarkan nilai PDRB tahun 2024 menggunakan algoritma K-Means clustering. Data penelitian diperoleh dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), kemudian melalui tahap pra-pemrosesan berupa pembersihan data dan normalisasi Min-Max. Jumlah klaster ditentukan sebanyak empat kelompok (Sangat Rendah, Rendah, Sedang, dan Tinggi) dengan dasar pembagian kuartil, sehingga menghasilkan klasifikasi yang lebih objektif dan representatif terhadap distribusi data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas kabupaten/kota termasuk dalam kategori Rendah dan Sedang, sedangkan kategori Tinggi didominasi wilayah dengan basis industri dan jasa yang lebih maju. Evaluasi menggunakan Silhouette Score menghasilkan nilai 0,778, yang menandakan kualitas klasterisasi cukup baik dengan pemisahan antarkelompok yang jelas. Temuan ini mengindikasikan masih adanya ketimpangan distribusi ekonomi antarwilayah. Penelitian ini berkontribusi dalam menyediakan kerangka klasifikasi ekonomi daerah berbasis data kuantitatif yang dapat digunakan sebagai acuan dalam perumusan kebijakan pembangunan yang lebih merata serta menjadi dasar bagi penelitian lanjutan yang mengintegrasikan variabel sosial-ekonomi lainnya.