State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics

Na4MnV(PO4)3 stands as a promising cathode material for sodium-ion batteries owing to its low cost and multiple redox potentials. However, challenges such as drastic local distortion, irreversible phase evolution, and transition metal dissolution in multielectron redox processes, coupled with intrinsic low electronic conductivity jointly trouble its practical deployment. Herein, the Ti4+ with a d0 arrangement is employed to customize the TM-O bonds to eliminate the structural distortion in Na4MnV(PO4)3. The coupling coordination effect of multiple transition metals activates the Mn4+/3+ redox while reinforcing structural stability in over two-electron redox processes, enabling the Na3.1(MnV)0.7Ti0.6(PO4)3 (MnVTi) cathode to realize a 2.4 e- reversible transfer and deliver a specific capacity of 138.4 mAh g-1. Experimental and theoretical calculations reveal that robust TM-O bonds with dynamic covalent chemistry, particularly the strong covalent Ti-O bonds, unlock ultrafast and durable cycling performance (78.4% capacity retention after 10,000 cycles at 20 C). Furthermore, the enhanced electronic conductivity and reaction kinetics contribute to the exceptional rate performance (74.2 mAh g-1 at 50 C), fast-charging capability (1.77 min to reach 80% SOC), and fabulous all-weather adaptability (-40 to 50 °C). This work establishes a universal design paradigm for high-performance Mn-based polyanion cathodes through d0-metal coupling mediated by dynamic covalent chemistry.

As technology nodes in integrated circuit manufacturing continue to shrink, the impact of wafer and reticle stage vibrations on lithographic imaging quality has become increasingly pronounced. Focusing on extreme ultraviolet lithography for contact hole patterns, this work systematically investigates the influence of stage vibrations on imaging performance with a rigorous lithographic imaging model and numerical simulations. Dynamic stage vibrations are incorporated into a conventional static imaging model to establish a more realistic dynamic imaging framework, and optical proximity correction (OPC) is used to emulate advanced-node process characteristics across different patterns. Results indicate that, as the target feature size decreases, the sensitivity of imaging to vibration increases significantly, and larger vibration amplitudes lead to a clearly nonlinear degradation of imaging quality. A comparative analysis of imaging performance and vibration robustness for different critical dimensions shows that bright-field masks exhibit slightly inferior vibration tolerance, whereas dark-field masks provide superior robustness for dense patterns. Building on these findings, an OPC optimization strategy incorporating moving standard deviation is proposed, offering a feasible approach to mitigating the adverse effects of stage vibrations on lithographic imaging.

Reconfigurable metasurfaces offer a promising route toward compact optical systems, yet many dynamic schemes rely on spectral tuning to realize reconfiguration, which limits programmable task-level switching at a fixed operating wavelength. Here we demonstrate a nonvolatile, switchable wavefront module operating at a fixed wavelength (λ = 780 nm) using an Sb2S3 phase-change metasurface. The optical transfer function is deterministically rewritten through the material phase transition, enabling two distinct processing operators within the same aperture via phase-state-controlled polarization-basis switching. In the amorphous state, the device operates in the circular-polarization basis as a beam-control module, providing RCP-addressed on-axis focusing at z = 51 μm (fwhm = 2.26 μm) and LCP-addressed off-axis beam steering with a deflection angle of 25.7°. After crystallization, it operates in the linear-polarization basis as a holographic reconstructor, enabling independent image reconstruction under x- and y-polarized illumination. Clear phase-state- and polarization-addressed channel selectivity is observed, and nonvolatile write–erase operation is demonstrated over 10 cycles while preserving the designed outputs across all four channels. This compact module supports holographic display and optical security in one state and beam pointing, scanning, and coupling enhancement in the other, providing a practical platform for integrated reconfigurable optics with deterministic on-demand function switching.

The integration of crystallographic control into solution-processed perovskite films remains a challenge for efficient light emission, as disordered optical dipoles fundamentally limit photon extraction, a bottleneck constraining both classical and quantum planar optoelectronic devices. Here, we address this by developing an in situ formation strategy for oriented quasi-2D perovskite nanosheets within films via ligand-engineered crystallization. By designing and orchestrating steric hindrance and π-π interactions of ligands, we direct the crystallization kinetics to yield regular face-on nanosheets exhibiting enhanced horizontal transition dipole moment orientation compared to conventional isotropic films. The in situ architectural control also elevates both the photoluminescence quantum yield beyond 90% and carrier mobility comparable to 3D perovskite levels. These synergies enable perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) with an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 31.2% for pure-red emission at 635 nm, comparing favorably to other pure-red PeLEDs. Concurrently, the peak luminance and operational stability of the in situ nanosheet PeLEDs exhibit significant improvements.