State Scientific and Technical Library of Ukraine

Relevance. Disturbances in the diurnal blood pressure (BP) profile are attracting increasing attention due to improved detection capabilities and a confirmed association with cardiovascular risk. Elevated nocturnal BP is associated with a higher risk of target organ damage and progression of cardiac symptoms [1]. D. Elçik et al. (2021) reported a direct relationship between insufficient nocturnal BP reduction in individuals with arterial hypertension (AH) and the prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD) and major adverse cardiac events (MACE). Aim. To investigate the features of clinical and functional manifestations of hypertension in men of working age with different daily blood pressure biorhythms. Materials and Methods. By conducting ABPM, the characteristics of the circadian blood pressure rhythm were assessed in 95 working-age men with stage I-II AH, in accordance with the ESC 2024 recommendations. Results. Conclusions. The study revealed a high prevalence of disturbances in normal physiological circadian BP biorhythms in working-age men with arterial hypertension. Given that nocturnal hypertension was associated with a greater degree of target organ damage, the goal of treatment in such patients should be not only to achieve target mean daily BP values, but also to restore physiological BP biorhythms.

Aim. To summarize the data from scientific literature and determine the attitude of physicians of the State Institution of Science «Center of innovative healthcare technologies» State Administrative Department (SIS «CHIT» SAD) towards self-management of cardiovascular diseases risk factors. Materials and methods. At the first stage of the study, an analysis and generalization of scientific publications on the prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors among healthcare workers, in particular, physicians, were conducted. At the second stage, using a specially developed questionnaire, a survey of the 20 physicians of a therapeutic profile of SIS «CIHT» SAD was conducted. The age of the surveyed physicians was 36-69 years (average 53.5 ± 9.1 years). The results of a survey of 59 physicians conducted at the institution in 2014 served as a comparison group. The age of the surveyed physicians was 31-65 years (average 49.4 ± 10.1 years). Methods used: system analysis, bibliosemantic analysis, questionnaire survey, statistical analysis. Results. The analysis of scientific publications showed that a significant part of physicians in different countries of the world do not follow the recommendations for monitoring and correction of cardiovascular diseases risk factors, which has an impact on their health and the implementation of preventive measures among patients. According to the results of a questionnaire survey of the therapeutic profile physicians of the SIS «CHIT» SAD, conducted in 2025, it was determined that 95,7% of them know their total cholesterol level, which is significantly higher compared to the results of the 2014 survey – 53.8% (p < 0.05). The level of total cholesterol < 5 mmol/l among the surveyed physicians was observed in 47.8%, compared to 12.5% in 2014 (p < 0.05). All physicians had a blood pressure level < 140/90 mm Hg and none were current smokers. However, only 34.8% had a body mass index within the recommended range, while 17.4% were obese and 47.8% were overweight. Conclusions. The problem of self-management of cardiovascular disease risk factors is relevant for physicians worldwide. Positive dynamics of self-management of most risk factors by physicians of a therapeutic profile of SIS «CHIT» SAD in 2025 compared to 2014 were identified. The issue of self-management of physicians’ body weight and achievement of the target cholesterol level requires attention.

Introduction. The effectiveness of the healthcare system is determined by the ability of the network of institutions and management to ensure the availability and quality of services with limited resources and in crisis conditions. Ukraine entered 2020 with a long-term optimization of the hospital bed capacity and primary health care reform; a full-scale war has increased the challenges to the infrastructure, personnel and financing of the industry. Aim. To analyze the state and effectiveness of the healthcare network of Ukraine by 2025 (beds, bed days, visits, hospitalizations, coverage by patient declarations, staffing) and to justify management decisions for its improvement. Materials and methods. Retrospective descriptive analysis of official statistical data 1991-2024; aggregated data of the electronic healthcare system / National Health Service on signed declarations as of 01.01.2025; a scanned consolidated document on medical personnel numbers. Relative indicators (per 10 thousand population), dynamic series, shares and percentage changes were calculated; comparison with pre-war periods and managerial interpretation were made. Results. The hospital bed capacity decreased by more than half from 1990 to 2021, while the average length of stay remains higher than the European average, which indicates potential for improving efficiency. The war caused damage and forced relocation of institutions, uneven load between regions, the need for rehabilitation and mental health services. During the study, we identified managerial priorities: completion of network optimization of hospital districts; repurposing of underutilized hospitals into rehabilitation and palliative units; integration of international humanitarian law and telemedicine norms at the primary health care level; staff retention programs (wages, continuous training, support to prevent professional burnout); transparent financing mechanisms and digital quality control. Conclusions. The medical network of Ukraine demonstrates resilience and adaptability, but requires targeted management: network planning based on population needs, strengthening primary health care with the expansion of MHP and rehabilitation services, staff incentives and specialized training, controlled quality management and transparent financing mechanisms. The implementation of these steps will increase the efficiency of resource use, reduce unjustified hospitalizations and ensure continuity of medical care in post-war recovery.

Dual education has gained relevance as a strategy to strengthen links between higher education institutions and the productive sector, particularly in professional fields requiring intensive practical training. This study aims to describe the preparedness of higher education institutions for implementing the dual education model by identifying institutional, regulatory, and operational factors influencing its adoption. A mixed descriptive and comparative approach was applied, combining regulatory analysis, statistical data review, and a survey administered to academic and administrative staff from selected institutions in Ukraine, Poland, and Germany. The survey explored perceptions of benefits, barriers, institutional capacity, and implementation conditions. Quantitative data were examined using descriptive and inferential statistics, while qualitative inputs supported contextual interpretation. The findings reveal cross national differences in regulatory frameworks, institutional coordination, and perceived preparedness, alongside shared challenges such as limited institutional experience, organizational complexity, and resource constraints. Respondents also emphasized benefits related to employability, practical skills development, and stronger university industry collaboration. Rather than measuring readiness levels through indices or scales, the study provides a diagnostic overview of current conditions. The results offer evidence based insights that can inform institutional planning, policy development, and future research on technological and organizational readiness within dual education systems worldwide today broadly.

Aim. To compare perioperative glycaemic dynamics and the need for inotropic support in patients with type 2 diabetes undergoing minimally invasive versus conventional coronary artery bypass grafting. Materials and Methods. The study included 60 patients with multivessel coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus not treated with insulin. All underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with cardiopulmonary bypass. Group 1 (prospective, n=30) underwent minimally invasive CABG (MICS CABG) via left anterior thoracotomy; Group 2 (retrospective, n=30) underwent conventional CABG via sternotomy. Glycaemic levels were assessed perioperatively at six time points, and integral indices (mean AUC, AUC>10) were calculated. Statistical analyses included the Friedman test with post-hoc Wilcoxon comparisons and Spearman correlation for associations with clinical parameters. Results. Completeness of revascularisation was comparable between groups: the completeness index was 0.95±0.138 in Group 1 and 0.94±0.127 in Group 2 (p=0.811). Operative (Group 1: 341.9±31.6 min; Group 2: 258.4±27.9 min) and perfusion times were longer in the minimally invasive group (p<0.001), reflecting greater technical complexity. However, the sternotomy group showed significantly higher postoperative glucose levels and a greater overall glycaemic load. Mean AUC was 8.3 (7.4-8.9) in Group 1 and 9.7 (8.4-11.1) in Group 2 (p<0.001), along with a longer time in clinically significant hyperglycaemia (AUC>10, p=0.01). These patients also required more frequent (p=0.021) inotropic support with dobutamine, with significantly higher dosing (p=0.018) and longer infusion duration (p=0.037). AUC>10 correlated positively with the mean dobutamine dose (p=0.42, p=0.01). Conclusions. Minimally invasive CABG, while technically more demanding, provided equivalent revascularisation with reduced metabolic and haemodynamic stress compared with sternotomy. Integral glycaemic indices, particularly AUC>10, emerged as sensitive markers of metabolic stress and potential predictors of inotropic dependence, supporting their role in personalised perioperative management

The fragmentation of scientific data across disparate systems in Ukraine poses significant challenges to effective research management, strategic planning, and integration into the global scientific community. This article introduces the Ukrainian Research Information System (URIS), a comprehensive framework of interconnected registries aimed at streamlining the management of scientific activities. Developed in alignment with the Law of Ukraine «On Public Electronic Registries» (No. 1907-IX, dated 18.11.2021), URIS integrates data on research projects, results, institutions, publications, infrastructure, certifications, dissertations, intellectual property, researchers, and supporting documentation. By ensuring compliance with national legislation and incorporating international standards such as ORCID for researcher identification, ROR for organizations, and DOI for digital objects, the system enhances transparency, interoperability, and operational efficiency within Ukraine’s scientific ecosystem. The literature review examines key areas including methodologies for persistent identifiers (PIDs),development of integrated scientific information systems (CRIS), standards for data quality and confidentiality in public registries, and the impact of interoperability on cross-border data exchange. Drawing from global best practices, the analysis highlights the importance of standards like CERIF, SDMX, and OAI-PMH for data harmonization, while addressing challenges such as data heterogeneity, privacy concerns, and governance structures. Methodologically, the study employs a multifaceted approach: a detailed review of Ukrainian legislation, conceptual modeling using Entity-Relationship Diagrams (ERD), and analysis of international CRIS implementations to design URIS as a legally compliant, automated system that minimizes administrative burdens through single data entry and validation. The results detail URIS’s architecture, comprising nine core registries and an intellectual property integration module. For instance, the Registry of Projects manages funding and status details with unique identifiers; the Registry of Scientific Results documents outputs like technologies and datasets; the Registry of Institutions builds on EDRPOU with scientific specifics; and the Registry of Publications aggregates metadata from sources like Scopus, ensuring deduplication and verification. Interconnections enable seamless data flow, automated dossier generation, and public access to non-sensitive information, while security protocols protect confidentiality. In conclusion, URIS represents a transformative step toward a unified, efficient scientific infrastructure in Ukraine, fostering evidence-based policymaking, reducing redundancy, and promoting international collaboration. Future enhancements could incorporate AI for advanced analytics, further elevating Ukraine’s position in the global research landscape.

This paper proposes a system for converting transcription symbols from the Soviet-era Cyrillic-based notation into the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). It also presents up-to-date phonetic data on the labiovelar approximant [w], the affricates, and the voiceless vocoid [h], which refine and expand existing understandings of Ukrainian phonetics. The obtained results are essential for phonetic research and for teaching phonetics at all levels of Ukrainian language study.

The results of a comprehensive analysis of elastic shell behavior under static thermomechanical loads are presented. The study focuses on geometrically nonlinear deformation, buckling, and natural vibrations of shells. Special attention is given to the identification of bifurcation points in the pre-buckling domain of shell deformation.The proposed comprehensive method is implemented as a two-stage algorithm. At each step of the thermomechanical loading, it combines the solution of the geometrically nonlinear static problem for the shell with a modal analysis at the same step. This approach allows the determination of critical states according to both the static criterion (maximum point of the load–deflection curve) and the dynamic criterion (load at which the lowest natural frequency of the shell becomes zero). The method is based on the geometrically nonlinear theory of thermoelasticity, the moment scheme of finite elements, and a universal three-dimensional finite element. We apply the methodology of introducing small non-symmetric perturbations into the initial geometry of the midsurface of the shell to determine bifurcation points iin the pre-buckling domain. This approach enables tracing new solution branches corresponding to adjacent forms of buckling. The presented numerical examples confirm the accuracy, universality, and effectiveness of the proposed method.

Introduction. The current stage of healthcare reform requires the active introduction of prevention, in particular of non-communicable diseases, which is due to the prolonged adverse health status of the population, the consequences of the COVID-19 epidemic, health risks caused by the war, and the strengthening of the legislative framework on public health issues. There is a need to develop innovative principles for monitoring disease risk factors and mechanisms for its integration into the activities of various institutions related to community health. Aim. To substantiate innovative principles for monitoring risk factors for non-communicable diseases and mechanisms for their integration into the intersectoral activities of institutions related to community health. Materials and methods. Materials: scientific literature, recommendations of the World Health Organization on the subject, and domestic regulations. Methods: structural and logical analysis of documents, generalization, modeling, and a graphical method. Results. It is shown that injuries and mental disorders occupy leading positions in the structure of appeals of the population of Ukraine for medical care, as well as diseases of the circulatory system, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, cancer and diabetes. Therefore, it is desirable to encompass all these pathologies with monitoring of their risk factors, based on the principles of mapping, comprehensiveness, consistency, and logic. The Prevention Map is proposed as a working tool, the use of which will allow the doctor to record identified risk factors, plan individualized preventive measures, make informed clinical decisions, and conduct an assessment of the effectiveness of prevention. The mechanisms for integrating monitoring results into intersectoral activities involve the exchange of data between all regional institutions involved in health care, which develop and implement the regional Public Health Program, which provides an opportunity to carry out comprehensive prevention of individual, socio-economic, and environmental risk factors. Conclusions. Innovative principles of monitoring risk factors for noncommunicable diseases consist in mapping these factors with a logical representation of successive stages from identifying a set of risk factors to assessing the effectiveness of prevention. Involving representatives of different sectors of the economy in the development and implementation of the regional Public Health Program allows implementing the principle of "health in all policies".

This paper introduces a novel method for selecting parameters of finite fields formed by 2 × 2 matrices over a finite field of integers modulo a prime p. The method aims to simultaneously determine both the field parameters and primitive elements, thereby optimizing the construction of cryptographic algorithms. The proposed approach leverages the properties of quadratic residues and non-residues, simplifying the process of finding matrix field parameters while maintaining computational efficiency. The method is particularly effective when the prime number p is either a Mersenne prime or (p + 1)/2 is also a prime. This study demonstrates that the resulting matrix fields can be practically computed, offering a high degree of flexibility for cryptographic protocols such as key agreement and secure data transmission. Compared to previous methods, the new method reduces the parameter search space and provides a structured way to identify primitive elements without the need for a separate search procedure. The findings have significant implications for the development of efficient cryptographic systems using matrix-based finite fields.