Sun Chemical (United States)

People with plaque psoriasis are more likely to live with obesity relative to individuals without psoriasis, which can affect response to biologic treatment. This pooled analysis of the phase III reSURFACE 1 and reSURFACE 2 trials explored efficacy and safety of tildrakizumab 100 mg and 200 mg in patients with plaque psoriasis who were living with obesity for up to 244 weeks of treatment. Both doses of tildrakizumab were effective long-term, with comparable safety profiles in patients who were living with obesity and those who were not. Patients who were not living with obesity experienced more improvement with treatment than those with obesity, and those living with obesity had more long-term improvement after treatment with tildrakizumab 200 mg vs. tildrakizumab 100 mg.

We reported a low-cost and simple process to prepare fiberglass cloth-supported C/S-doped TiO₂ (FCST). The presence of C and S elements were confirmed in the final product via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) technique. The physicochemical properties of FCST were surveyed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses. The visible light-driven catalytic reactions were investigated in indoor atmospheric surroundings through thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TGM). The catalytic performance of the modified photocatalysts was assessed via degrading total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) of upholstered furniture. Also, a removal percentage of 94.3% in 75 min over FCST exhibited excellent degrading ability of TVOC under visible illumination.

Chemical synthesis in flow reactors (flow synthesis) has received significant research interest from both academia and industry. Flow synthesis offers several advantages over traditional synthesis in batch reactors. The most important features of flow synthesis include “precise mixing,” “precise temperature control,” and “precise residence time control.” Flash Chemistry is widely recognized as a representative example of flow synthesis, utilizing all three of these elements to achieve “chemical reaction control that cannot be realized with traditional batch synthesis.”

The widespread presence of nitrite ions in the environment and food poses significant health risks, as they can be converted into potent carcinogens within the human body. Therefore, the accurate detection of nitrite ions is imperative for safeguarding public health and safety. A new type of thermosensitive blue carbonized polymer dots (B-CPDs) were prepared from p-aminophenol and citric acid using microwave process. B-CPDS has a very small nanoscale size and the fluorescence quantum yield was 18.68%. On the basis of the internal filtration effect (IFE), the B-CPDs can be used as a fluorescent probe for the selective detection of nitrite ions with a detection limit as low as 1.05 μM. Under the irradiation of 365 nm ultraviolet light, the brightness and color of the blue fluorescent probe changed with the incorporation of different levels of nitrite. These changes can be directly observed with the naked eye and can be used for qualitative and semiquantitative analysis of nitrite content. The developed fluorescent sensor provides an effective, simple, rapid and low-cost analytical method for sensitive and intuitive detection of nitrite in the aqueous environment. In addition, the fluorescence is reversible and reproducible over the temperature range of 20–80 °C, and has the potential to be used as a temperature sensor.

Sulfadimidine (SM2), a potentially carcinogenic sulfonamides,poses a threat to food safety. In this study,a portable electrochemical sensing platform integrated with a smartphone is developed for on-site sulfadimidine (SM2) detection. The electrode utilizes a flexible three-electrode system based on laser-induced porous graphene (LIPG), fabricated via CO₂ laser etching of polyimide (PI) film. The platform is wirelessly connected to a portable electrochemical workstation and smartphone via Bluetooth. Laser parameters, including power and etching depth, are optimized to improve electrochemical performance. The optimized LIPG electrode exhibits significantly improved sensitivity-2.87 and 10.87-fold higher than screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) and glassy carbon electrode (GCE), respectively-along with excellent stability (RSD < 0.46% over 99 cycles) and a rapid 10s response time. Quantitative detection of SM2 demonstrates good linearity (3-110μM, R2 = 0.999), with low limits of detection (LOD) of 0.03μM and quantification (LOQ) of 0.1μM. The method is validated in spiked beef (recovery 93.34%-103.70%) and milk (recovery 98.50%-100.80%), confirming its practical applicability. This work is novel in systematically linking laser processing parameters to LIPG electrochemical performance and significant in demonstrating a field-deployable, cost-effective, and smartphone-enabled strategy for monitoring SM2 residues.

Abstract IntroductionMalaria is a public health threat in Mali, with high morbidity (37%) and mortality (25%) rates. Malaria risk stratification is needed to identify different transmission zones and prioritize the interventions, especially in resource-limited contexts. For the new National Strategic Plan, we updated stratification with World Health Organization (WHO) recommendation. This study presents the selection of interventions based on stratification.MethodData collection covered all the 75 Health Districts (HDs) in the country for the period 2018-2022. This was further supplemented by national survey data on parasitology and entomology in Mali. To estimate the adjusted incidence, the analysis considered health data reporting, malaria diagnostic positivity and health facility attendance rates at health district level to malaria cases estimated. Mixed interventions were defined based on adjusted incidence, prevalence, seasonality, vector resistance to insecticides and parasite distribution by Health Districts or region according to data available.ResultsFour strata have been defined according to the 2017 WHO Malaria Elimination Framework. Most HDs (54) fall within the highest and moderate transmission areas, covering 84% of the population (about 18 million) located in the southern and central regions. A total of 19 intervention packages were selected and adapted. We identified 61 out of 75 eligible HDs for the LLINs mass distribution campaign, 57 HDs for SMC, 67 for IPTp including community IPTp and 19 HD for vaccination.ConclusionA half of Malian population live in high-risk areas. These districts require a continuous intensification of interventions. Malaria stratification was critical for strategic planning and appropriate deployment of malaria control interventions in Mali.

Methanol conversion contributes to the development of Methanol Economics and serves as a route to solve the problem of methanol overcapacity, as well as a means to alleviate the dependence of chemicals on petroleum resources. This work designs the process of methanol aromatization for the coproduction of para-xylene and light olefins. Dividing-wall column and crystallization technology are adopted during aromatics separation and para-xylene recovery from mixed xylenes, while heat pump distillation is used for the para-xylene enrichment of the uncrystallized xylenes. The light olefins in the product are refined with the widely used Lummus technology in industries. Based on this process, energy consumption, economic, and environmental analyses are systematically conducted. The use of dividing-wall columns and heat pump distillation can effectively reduce energy consumption by approximately 14.27%. Techno-economic evaluation finds that the introduction of energy-saving technology exhibits favorable economic attractiveness, and the project remains profitable as long as the methanol price is less than 383.41 $/ton and the product price of para-xylene is not less than 898.70 $/ton. Furthermore, the use of dividing-wall columns and heat pump distillation can lower the global warming potential by 0.1225 × 103 kg CO2-eq/ton. Overall, this work provides a foundation for the research and process design of methanol aromatization.

Introduction. The aim of the review is to summaries information on medicinal plants used in the prevention of respiratory diseases.Text. According to Rosstat data, respiratory diseases occupy leading positions in the Russian Federation from year to year. For the treatment of acute respiratory diseases plant medicines are used, including Glycyrrhiza glabra L., Mentha spicata L., Eucalyptus globulus Labill., Citrus sinensis (L.) Pers., Cinnamomum camphora J. Presl.Conclusion. The given extracts of medicinal plants have a long experience of application in traditional and scientific medicine, contain a complex of biologically active substances such as essential oils, saponins, polyphenols and polysaccharides with antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and other effects that will allow in the complex therapy of acute tonsillopharyngitis, relieve the symptoms of the disease.