TÜV SÜD (United Kingdom)

Electromagnetic flowmeters are increasingly used to measure produced water and fresh water in oil and gas operations, yet uncertainty remains regarding installation effects, calibration practices, and suitability for custody-transfer and allocation service. This report reviews the current application of electromagnetic flow measurement based on a comprehensive assessment of manufacturer guidance, peer-reviewed literature, and industry standards. It summarizes established best practices, identifies gaps in existing guidance and data, and provides practical recommendations for meter selection, installation, and calibration. An evaluation framework is also proposed to support future performance testing. The findings are intended to support operators, metering engineers, and standards bodies in improving measurement confidence and consistency, and to inform the development of API MPMS guidance on electromagnetic flow measurement.

Carbon Capture Utilisation and Storage (CCUS) technology is pivotal for achieving global emissions reduction goals. The rise in CCUS facilities, with a near doubling of global capture capacity, indicates industry momentum. Robust flow measurement across the CCUS transport and storage networks are essential for commercial contracts, financial incentives, and regulatory compliance since these are underpinned by accurate quantification of the CO2 quantity transferred across the CCUS chain. However, a critical gap exists in verification and quality assurance of flow meters as currently there are no traceable calibration facilities that operates with liquid and/or dense phase CO2. However, globally there are many accredited traceable water and oil calibration facilities in operation, which can meet the required flow rates and meter sizes. An experimental study was then conducted at TÜV SÜD National Engineering Laboratory, UK, and at the Institute for Energy Technologies, NO, to explore the transferability of calibration between water, oil, and CO2 using five flow meter technologies with the aim of providing a preliminary assessment of whether meters calibrated in alternative fluids can accurately measure liquid and supercritical CO2. The results suggest that this approach could work for Coriolis meters. The results also suggest caution in relying solely on using Equations of State to calculate density values and a recommendation is presented to currently employing direct density measurements until a more comprehensive understanding is achieved on Equations of State performance for CO2-rich mixtures. To the best of the author's knowledge this is the first time that such experimental investigation is conducted, and the results shared publicly.