TATI University College

The growing frequency of online scams and fraud has caused governments all over the world to undertake public awareness programs to encourage internet users to be more cautious. However, there is a major gap in assessing the impact of these programs. This study fills that gap by creating a theorybased and empirically informed tool for assessing the impact of government-led scam and fraud prevention programs on individuals' intentions to participate in protective behavior. Based on Protection Motivation Theory, the measure includes two fundamental cognitive appraisal constructs: perceived severity and perceived vulnerability. These are supported by three communication-related variables: campaign exposure, message understanding, and message credibility. A systematic approach was followed to operationalize each construct, using established definitions and adapting items to suit the context of scam and fraud prevention. The final measurement model consists of six constructs and eighteen items, reflecting the complex relationship between threat appraisal and communication in shaping protective behavior. The proposed instrument positions campaign exposure, credibility, and message clarity as key antecedents to threat appraisal, offering a structured basis for evaluating the effectiveness of scam prevention messages within a PMT-based research model. This study provides a robust tool for researchers and policymakers to assess the impact of public campaigns and offers practical insights into the design of effective communication strategies for cyber fraud prevention.

In response to the challenges of insufficient accuracy in face detection and missed small targets under low-light conditions, this paper proposes a detection scheme that combines image preprocessing and detection model optimization. Firstly, Zero-DCE low-light enhancement is introduced to adaptively restore image details and contrast, providing high-quality inputs for subsequent detection. Secondly, YOLOv11n is enhanced through the following improvements: a P2 small-target detection layer is added while the P5 layer is removed, addressing the original model's deficiency in detecting small targets and streamlining the computational process to balance model complexity and efficiency; the P2 upsampling is replaced with DySample dynamic upsampling, which adaptively adjusts the sampling strategy based on features to improve the accuracy of feature fusion; a lightweight adaptive extraction module (LAE) is incorporated to reduce the number of parameters and computational costs; finally, the detection head is replaced with GSDetect to maintain accuracy while reducing computational overhead. Experimental results show that the improved model reaches an mAP50 of 58.7%, which is a 10.2% increase compared with the original model. Although the computational complexity increases to 7.5 GFLOPs, the parameter count is reduced by 45%, offering a more optimal solution for face detection in low-light environments.

The increased prevalence of non-communicable diseases, especially those associated with poor diets, highlights the need for alternative behavioural measures to promote healthy food intake. Focussing on eating behaviours with awareness and non-judgment improves self-regulation and diet. However, data on its use and effects in Malaysian adults are scarce. Mindful eating (ME), food choice reasons, and health-related well-being among Malaysian adults are examined in this study. The Mindful Eating Questionnaire (MEQ), Food Choice Questionnaire (FCQ), and self-reported well-being indicators were completed by 1,002 respondents. Variable associations were assessed using descriptive and correlation analysis. The results showed no gender difference in total MEQ scores; however, subscales did vary. Men scored higher in awareness and external signals, whereas women scored higher in emotional response and disinhibition. Mindful eating had positive effects on health, mood, sensory appeal, natural content, and weight control. Mindful eating lowers Body Mass Index (BMI) by reducing disinhibition and emotional reactivity. Higher BMI participants were more conscious and sensitive to external signals. Wellness parameters like physical and mental health, lifestyle, and diet were associated with mindful eating. Mindful eating greatly affects healthy food preferences and may improve physical and mental health. The findings support targeted public health and educational interventions to encourage sustainable eating in Malaysian adults.

Information technology hardware is the fastestevolving technology, which requires timely and strong support services to get them up and running seamlessly. This paper discusses the validation model output that runs based on the actual data using the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling software. The model itself is derived from the information system theories. The validation from the model itself proves that the output from each construct is well balanced and can be used for future research, especially in the IT service support area. For this purpose, the items from the Service Quality (SERVQUAL) and IT Service Expertise were evaluated using questionnaires. As for the example of practical, the data derived from an actual study which was conducted on 305 users from different companies and organizations, including educational services, was applied. The questionnaire consists of 18 questions with 5 scales of Likert points that were used to identify the item data consistency. The association between observed parameters or indicators and their corresponding latent constructs or factors is represented by outer loadings in Partial Least Squares Structural Equation (PLS-SEM). The indicators are related to the fundamental construct that they are intended to measure; these values are essential. Based on the sufficient strength, the measured outer loading values, which range from 0.649 to 0.892, show high reliability through representing latent structures, as indicated by values near 0.90, while values above 0.60 are typically regarded as acceptable. Strong item-to-construct relationships are reflected in this model range.

This paper proposes an optimized Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller for robotic arm trajectory tracking using a hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization and Deep Reinforcement Learning (PID-PSO-DRL) approach. PSO is employed for precise offline tuning of PID gains, while DRL enables adaptive, real-time adjustments to handle dynamic operating conditions and modeling uncertainties. The method was evaluated on a robotic arm performing multiple trajectory profiles and compared with baseline PID, PID-PSO, and PIDDRL controllers. Performance metrics included Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and Standard Deviation (STD). Experimental results show that the proposed hybrid controller significantly improves tracking accuracy, reduces steady-state errors, and enhances stability across all tested trajectories. The combination of PSO's global optimization capabilities and DRL's adaptive learning ensures robustness in variable environments, making the method suitable for precision robotics applications.

Definisi menurut World Health Organization (WHO) sampah adalah sesuatu yang tidak digunakan, tidak dipakai, tidak disenangi atau sesuatu yang dibuang yang berasal dari kegiatan manusia dan tidak terjadi dengan sendirinya. Seringkali permasalahan di kawasan pedesaan termasuk Desa Sambirejo yaitu pada pola pikir hidup masyarakatnya dalam menghadapi permasalahan lingkungan. PkM ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan partisipatif, yang bertujuan untuk memberdayakan masyarakat dalam pengelolaan sampah organik. PkM ini akan dilaksanakan di Desa Sambirejo yang merupakan daerah yang menghadapi masalah pengelolaan sampah organik. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari anggota masyarakat Desa Sambirejo, termasuk kelompok ibu-ibu PKK yang terlibat dalam kegiatan pengelolaan sampah. Program pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam pengelolaan sampah organik di Desa Sambirejo menunjukkan hasil yang positif dalam mengurangi volume sampah organik yang dibuang sembarangan. Manfaat penggunaan kompos hasil dari pengelolaan sampah organik dapat meningkatkan kualitas tanah dan produktivitas dalam pertanian. Program ini membawa dampak ekonomi yang signifikan bagi masyarakat Desa Sambirejo. Selain itu, program ini menciptakan lapangan kerja baru dalam produksi, pemasaran, dan distribusi kompos, sehingga memberikan kontribusi pada peningkatan pendapatan keluarga dan perekonomian lokal.

Job satisfaction factors play a significant role in influencing the overall job performance of academic staff in TVET institutions. Identifying and addressing these factors is crucial to ensure high-quality education and training. Therefore, this paper aims to identify the key elements affecting job satisfaction among tourism vocational lecturers at vocational colleges in Malaysia. Effectively managing the well-being of tourism lecturers requires a deliberate emphasis on these factors to create an environment conducive to job satisfaction. This study adopts Maslow's Theory of Job Satisfaction, focusing on factors such as the work environment, colleagues, workload, and salary benefits. This qualitative study employed a semi-structured interview protocol to conduct a needs analysis. Four tourism lecturers, who were appointed as facilitators and had expertise in the tourism field, were selected via purposive sampling. The interview results were transcribed and analyzed using Atlas.ti software. Based on the needs analysis, all four respondents agreed that the key elements of job satisfaction are primarily centered around the work environment, salary and allowances, colleagues, and workload. The implications of these findings reveal the multifaceted connection between various factors affecting job satisfaction among tourism lecturers. This study provides valuable insights for educational institutions and management personnel tasked with enhancing the well-being and performance of tourism lecturers. The outcomes of this research can help decision-makers improve job satisfaction among tourism lecturers at vocational colleges in Malaysia.