TCG Lifesciences (India)

The rising prevalence of cancers with chronic inflammation is a leading global health concern. Modern anticancer treatments require dual inhibitors of cyclooxygenase- 2 (COX-2) and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) with minimal adverse effects. The emergence of diaryl ether derivatives has encouraged the development of new therapeutic strategies for inflammation-linked conditions. A series of nine diaryl ether derivatives was designed, and in silico studies were performed to predict their interactions with COX- 1, COX-2, and EGFR proteins. Drug likeness and toxicity characteristics were investigated using Swiss ADME, ADMET Lab 2.0, and ProTox-3.0 tools. Furthermore, to observe the selective COX-2 inhibitory nature, a protein (bovine serum albumin (BSA)) denaturation study of the five best compounds with high binding affinities was conducted. Nine diaryl ether derivatives were synthesized and characterized using 1H-NMR, 13C NMR, LC-MS, and FT-IR spectroscopy. Based on the docking score and pharmacokinetics, compound 12a showed a significant IC50 value of 39.24 μg/mL in the BSA denaturation assay. To screen the kinetic behavior of five selected compounds with high binding affinities (11a, 12a, 12b, 12c, and 13a) with COX-2, Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations were performed for 100 ns. MD simulations and binding free energy calculations were performed to observe the stability of the best-docked EGFR-12a complex with a docking score of -9.5 kcal/mol. This study focused on the synthesis and biological analysis with theoretical explanations. Overall, diaryl ether derivatives are promising precursors for anti-inflammatory and anticancer drugs in the biomedical field.

Rapid industrialization and urbanization have intensified environmental pollution, including persistent organic contaminants and toxic metals that threaten ecosystems and human health. Green‐synthesized titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) nanoparticles (NPs) are gaining attention for their lower‐hazard reagents, reduced energy inputs, and competitive performance relative to conventional routes. This review consolidates current green synthesis strategies for TiO 2 NPs and the accompanying structure–property relationships derived from standard characterization (e.g., XRD, TEM, DLS, FTIR, UV–Vis, and BET). Applications are surveyed across three domains: (i) environmental remediation, highlighting photocatalytic degradation of pharmaceutical residues and dyes in water and the adsorption/photocatalytic removal of heavy‐metal ions; (ii) pharmaceuticals, where TiO 2 NPs act as formulation components or nanocarriers that modulate stability, release, and targeting of active ingredients; and (iii) medicine, encompassing antimicrobial surface coatings, wound‐care and implant interfaces, imaging/theranostic platforms, and photoactivated antimicrobial/anticancer interventions. This review summarizes recent advances, performance benchmarks under realistic conditions (pH, ionic strength, and real effluents), and safety/regulatory considerations related to particle size, crystal phase, dopants, and surface modification. Finally, this review identifies key gaps in scalable green synthesis with tight batch control, standardized testing in complex matrices, and life‐cycle assessment and outlines research directions to enable reproducible, safe, and application‐ready TiO 2 nanotechnology.

This paper describes a rugged and precise analytical method developed and validated for determining the particle size distribution of Empagliflozin drug substance using a wet dispersion technique on the Malvern Mastersizer 3000. The method was optimized to achieve uniform dispersion and reproducible measurements of particle size parameters (D10, D50, D90). Validation of the method was carried out in accordance with ICH Q2(R2) guideline and demonstrated satisfactory results for precision, intermediate precision, and robustness. All validation parameters were found within the predefined acceptance criteria, confirming the reliability of the procedure. Hence, the developed method is suitable for particle size analysis of Empagliflozin active pharmaceutical ingredient (API).

ABSTRACT: This research investigates the needs and preferences of low-income angioplasty patients and their caregivers in India during post-angioplasty recovery. Through in-depth interviews and contextual inquiries, the study uncovers critical informational, physical, and emotional needs. Patients often lack access to reliable health information, leading to misconceptions about care and medication adherence. Pain management and emotional support are significant concerns for both patients and caregivers. The study proposes the integration of digital health solutions to address these challenges, providing a platform for reliable information, communication, and support. This research emphasizes the need for context-sensitive interventions to improve patient outcomes and enhance the quality of life for vulnerable populations in developing countries.

Malaria still standsout as one of the most devastating and prevalentdiseases globally, where the rise of resistance to different antimalarialdrugs in different regions has posed significant obstacles to globaltreatment and elimination. Consequently, there is a pressing needfor the development of new antimalarial agents with novel modes ofaction. In this study, we report the identification and optimizationof new indole-2-carboxamide derivatives where structural modificationshave yielded new compounds 6x with enhanced potency (Pf3D7-IC50 ∼ 0.3 μM) and improved metabolicstability (hMics = 3 μL/min/mg), while also minimizing the humanether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG, IC50 > 20 μM)channelactivity and cytotoxic effect on hepatic cells (CC50 >30 μM). Mode-of-action investigations revealed that a representativecompound from this series interfered with homeostasis of the parasite’sdigestive vacuole. However, cross-resistance was observed with resistantstrains, which was linked to efflux pumps such as Plasmodiumfalciparum chloroquine resistance transporter (PfCRT). Despite this challenge, these indole-2-carboxamidesprovide versatile molecular templates for innovative medicinal chemistryto overcome cross-resistance while maintaining other attractive propertiesof this novel series.

New antimalarialsare needed due to the threat of emergingresistanceagainst existing antimalarial therapies. A phenotypic screen uncoveredthe N-aryl acetamide class that inhibits the developmentof P. falciparum asexual ring-stage parasites. Thestructure–activity relationship of this class was investigated,and key modifications were introduced that produced WEHI-326 withpotent antimalarial activity. Enhancing the metabolic stability ofthis class will be a future challenge to achieve efficacy in a malariamouse model. WEHI-326 was found to have a moderate barrier to resistanceand a moderate rate of asexual kill, potently inhibited gametocyteand gamete development, and in turn, blocked the transmission of parasitesto the mosquito. Forward genetics and cross-resistance profiling determinedthat parasites resistant to N-aryl acetamides hadmutations in rhomboid protease 8 (ROM8) and the putative cation channel,CSC1. WEHI-326 will be an important tool in unraveling the role ofROM8 and CSC1 in P. falciparum development.

Abstract A simple ecofriendly protocol for synthesizing 2-amino-4H-chromenes by a one-pot, three-component reaction catalyzed by nontoxic calcium lactate in a green solvent is described. 2-Amino-4H-chromene-3-carbonitriles are obtained by a one-pot, three-component reaction of an aromatic aldehyde, malononitrile, and a phenolic compound. Naphthopyrans are synthesized by the same strategy by replacing the phenolic derivative with a naphthol. Indole-substituted 2-amino-4H-chromenes are prepared by the one-pot three-component reaction of a salicylaldehyde derivative, a malononitrile derivative, and an indole.

Medicine and public health cannot be understood without considering the role of nurses, both as professionals and as working women. In India, unlike other countries, nurses have suffered an exceptional degree of neglect at the hands of the state (as well as medical professionals). This situation has been detrimental to the quality of both rural and urban health care. The present article examines the reasons why nurses have so consistently been marginalised and excluded from the public health system and policymaking. It questions the general assumption that nursing’s poor status is mainly due to sociocultural factors—such as caste, religion, social taboos, etc. The article is an analysis of the evolution of a profession, including the impact of the colonial health policies on nursing, in Bengal during British rule. Based on a wide range of primary sources, the article aims to provide a political history of nursing that underlines the reasons for the lack of development of the profession under British rule.