TM Jesenice (Czechia)

Introduction: Juvenile recurrent parotitis presents with recurrent and painful swelling of the parotid gland in children and adolescents. Usually, the disease resolves spontaneously by the end of puberty, although frequent inflammation can damage the gland and Stensen’s duct. Sialendoscopy has been used in the diagnostic work-up and treatment of juvenile recurrent parotitis in the last decade. Methods: Data of patients with juvenile recurrent parotitis not responsive to drug treatment who were treated in our clinic between April 2011 and October 2019 were analysed. The number of acute relapses before and after sialendos-copy, intraoperative findings, stenosis, the use of anaesthe-sia, and intraoperative and postoperative complications were compared. The success of procedure was measured by a decrease in the number of acute relapses after procedure. Results: 14 patients were included in the study. 19 sialendos-copies were performed, 16 under general and 3 under local anaesthesia. The patients had an average of 5 relapses per year before the initial procedure. 6 patients had ductal stenosis. During sialendoscopy, the main duct was damaged in 2 patients. 11 patients did not have any relapses after sialen-doscopy. The other 3 had a significant reduction in relapses. Conclusion: Sialendoscopy is a safe and effective proced-ure for the diagnosis and treatment of juvenile recurrent parotitis. Sialendoscopy has few complications, a short hospitalization, and a significant reduction in the number of relapses.

The efficiency of adjuvant AGNS 1056-X joint application with herbicide formulations from a group of graminicides Fusilade Forte and Agil, the active substances of which are aryloxyphenoxy propionic acid (AOPPA) derivatives, was investigated in pot and field experiments. In pot experiment winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants were used as a model of annual grass weeds. To determine the effect of moisture on the phytotoxic effect of graminicides, in pot experiment artificial drought was created by stopping plants watering. In field experiments, the efficiency of certain grass weed species control, in particular yellow foxtail (Setaria glauca (L.) Pal. Beauv.) and barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Pal. Beauv.), was determined. Estimation of fresh or dry weigth of plants aboveground part and in some experiments the total content of chlorophyll in the leaves was used for evaluation of the phytotoxic effects of herbicides or the efficiency of weeds control. Studies have shown that the addition of adjuvant AGNS 1056-X accelerates the development of the phytotoxic effect of graminicides Fusilade Forte and Agil. The development of graminicides phytotoxic effect accelerated more by addition of adjuvant AGNS 1056-X in drought conditions when grass weeds were in a state of water stress. Although in some cases, joint application with adjuvant AGNS 1056-X led to increase of grass weeds control by graminicides, the addition of the adjuvant does not guarantee increased protection efficiency. In this regard, the joint use of graminicides with adjuvant AGNS 1056-X does not allow to reduce the rate of graminicides. To achieve high crop protection efficiency, the graminicides rate should be chosen taking into account the level of weed infestation, stage of weed development and environmental conditions, regardless of whether or not graminicides will be used in conjunction with the adjuvant.

Izhodišče: Gripa je sezonska virusna bolezen dihal, ki se pojavlja v zimskih mesecih. Povzročajo jo virusi influence tipa A in B. Izbruhi gripe v bolnišnicah so posebno neugodni, saj zboli ranljiva populacija. Pojavijo se številni zapleti, podaljša se bolnišnično zdravljenje, poveča se umrljivost. Hkrati lahko zbolijo tudi zdravstveni delavci (ZD). Zaradi njihovega absentizma se pojavijo težave pri organizaciji dela.Metode: Izvedli smo retrospektivno kohortno preiskavo izbruha gripe v Splošni bolnišnici Jesenice (SBJ), ki smo ga zaznali v januarju 2017. Kot primer izbruha je bil opredeljen vsak bolnik ali zaposleni (ZD) v SBJ, ki je od 01. 01. 2017 do 16. 02. 2017 imel simptome gripi podobne bolezni (temperaturo nad 37,7 °C s kašljanjem ali bolečinami v žrelu), v brisu nosno-žrelnega prostora potrjen virus influence A ali B ali epidemiološko povezavo s potrjenimi primeri (hospitalizacija v isti sobi) ter odsotnosti ostalih vzrokov za okužbo. Primer smo opredelili kot bolnišničen pri osebah, ki so bile v bolnišnico sprejete zaradi drugih vzrokov in pri katerih so se simptomi in znaki v dihalih razvili kasneje kot 72 ur po sprejemu. Obolele zdravstvene delavce smo spraševali o demografskih podatkih, predhodnem cepljenju proti gripi in o subjektivni oceni poteka bolezni.Rezultati: Med 250 izpostavljenimi je zbolelo 117 oseb (46,8 %). Primeri obolelih so se najprej začeli kopičiti na internem oddelku, sledil je kirurški in negovalni oddelek SBJ. Največ zbolelih je bilo starejših od 65 let. Pri 74 zbolelih bolnikih in zaposlenih, ki so ustrezali definiciji primera v izbruhu, smo odvzeli brise nosno-žrelnega prostora. V 68 (87 %) vzorcih smo dokazali influenco A (87 %) ali B (13 %). Ostalih 49 zbolelih, ki niso bili laboratorijsko potrjeni, so zadostili merilu epidemiološke povezanosti. Ob pregledu dokumentacije 13 umrlih bolnikov smo ugotovili, da je bila pri vseh ena od diagnoz gripa, pri 4 od njih tudi navedena kot neposredni vzrok smrti. 6 umrlih bolnikov je prebolevalo pljučnico, ki je sledila gripi. 45 zbolelih je prejelo oseltamivir, 61 hospitaliziranih oseb in ZD pa je jemalo oseltamivir kot kemoprofilakso. Izbruh gripe je neugodno vplival na načrtovano delo kirurškega oddelka – zaradi izbruha so v bolnišnici zmanjšali število elektivnih operacij, del kirurških postelj pa so namenili preobremenjenemu internističnemu oddelku.Zaključek: V zgodnji fazi izbruha gripe v bolnišnici je potrebna visoka stopnja upoštevanja preventivnih ukrepov. K zbolevanju bolnikov namreč prispevajo predhodne bolezni in slabo zdravstveno stanje, težave pri zagotavljanju izolacije, neupoštevanje priporočil za osebno higieno, necepljenost proti gripi in slaba odzivnost imunskega sistema starejših bolnikov na cepljenje.

Tobacco dependence is well established as a chronic condition typically requiring numerous quit attempts. Tobacco users are unlikely to return to the same cessation program on their own. This program evaluation examined the effectiveness of using multiple outreach methods to reengage tobacco users in a statewide cessation program at varying time points after their initial program enrollment. Participants were randomized to receive or not receive reengagement outreach. We conducted outreach via phone, e-mail, and/or text (based on methods participants agreed to receive) at 1, 2, or 3 months post-initial engagement. Participants were offered the opportunity to reenroll in QUITPLAN Services. Minnesota's QUITPLAN Services PARTICIPANTS:: A total of 3020 tobacco users who enrolled in Minnesota's QUITPLAN Services and either received a 2-week starter kit of nicotine replacement therapy or completed 0-1 QUITPLAN Helpline calls. We explored group differences in the odds of reengagement (defined as enrolling in a phone cessation program or selecting 2 or more of nicotine replacement therapy starter kit, text messaging, e-mail program, or print materials), contributors to reengagement, and costs. 14.7% in the Reengagement Outreach (RO) group and 3.4% in the Comparison (no outreach) group reengaged. The majority (71%) reengaged during phone outreach. There were no significant differences in reengagement rates by follow-up time period (1, 2, or 3 months). Cost per reengagement was $546, mostly due to one-time setup costs; scaling to 10 000 tobacco users would cost approximately $101 per reengagement. Conducting proactive outreach through state-funded quitlines is an effective approach to reengaging tobacco users, yielding a 5-fold greater odds of reengagement compared with no outreach. Since most costs were for initial setup, the cost per reengagement would decrease as the outreach population size increases. Such outreach has the potential to foster treatment utilization and quit attempts.

The blending of polypropylene with lignin derived from chemical wood pulp manufacture makes it possible to prepare optically transparent films (thickness 50-60μm) with acceptable mechanical properties in the absence of a commercial stabilizer. The lignin preparation in the concentration 1-2 wt% possessed the ability to act as a processing stabilizer and as an antioxidant during thermal aging of polypropylene films. A DNA-protective effect of lignin in mice testicular cells and mice peripheral blood lymphocytes against oxidation stress was examined using in vitro experiments. Hydrogen peroxide and visible light-excited methylene blue (MB) were used as DNA damaging agents. The isolated cells were preincubated with lignin before treatment with the oxidative agents. The level of breaks in the DNA was measured by a comet assay. The results showed that preincubation with lignin significantly decreased the level of strand breaks induced by both oxidants in mice lymphocytes and testicular cells.

Aktivno državljanstvo in izobraževanje zanj sta nedvomno nujnost, čeprav gre najbrž tudi za utopijo. Vendar slednji ni vzrok vnaprejšnja nezmožnost uresničevanja, temveč napačna predstava, ki jo imamo o aktivnem državljanstvu samem. Sociotehnična participacija in ekonomska demokracija sta samoprevara glede aktivne državljanske resničnosti. Aktivno državljanstvo ni le ohranjanje nacionalne identitete in nacionalnih svetinj. Ni tudi zgolj usposabljanje za ekonomsko blaginjo skupnosti in za neproblematičnost posameznika. Tako državljanstvo je služenje, cilj pa mora biti politična participacija, celo odpor in spremembe, in za to bi morali izobraževati. Ali to smemo, je vprašanje; če to sploh hočemo, pa si ne upamo vprašati niti same sebe. Pa bi se morali. Država sama ustvarja aktivne državljane po svoji meri in interesih. Mednje politično prebujanje namreč ne spada.