Technova Corporation (United States)

In this work, we present the recent advancements in the industry-standard surface potential-based BSIM-SOI compact model, designed for state-of-the-art SOI devices. The model incorporates a surface potential-based core that helps in the accurate modeling of partially depleted (PD), fully depleted (FD), and dynamically depleted (DD) regions, maintaining the inherent symmetry of the device. Enabled by a robust surface potential coupling relation, the model is well-suited for system-on-chip (SoC) designs, covering analog, digital, and RF applications. Key improvements include an updated effective mobility model, independent body resistances for the primary FET and process-induced parasitic opposite-type-gate FETs, decoupling of core I-V and C-V models, and integration of low-frequency shot noise for floating-body structures. These enhancements significantly improve the model's accuracy in capturing real hardware data. Additionally, proposed speed optimizations enhance the model's efficiency, making it more suitable for high-performance simulations.

Covid-19 affected tourism in a particularly hard way, forcing stakeholders at all levels to work on recovery while a number of experts pointed out that the pandemic constituted a momentum to change the future face of tourism. This paper focusses on a potential implementation gap, researching the question how local stakeholders handle the Covid-19 pandemic in practice, both in the short run and in longer term recovery strategies. Is a “business as usual” approach prevalent or can the pandemic be a catalyst for (major) transformations? The cases researched are historic cities in Belgium and the Netherlands. Although these countries lack a dominant tourism industry, especially their cities, as destinations, suffered considerably. Short-term crisis management as well as the vision, strategy and actions on how to recover in the long term, were the subject of a number of online workshops with tourism planning and management officials. These online workshops used an interesting software (MURAL) to fuel the interactive exchange of information and discussion. Keywords: Covid-19, crisis management, recovery, tourism policy, historic cities, Flanders (Belgium), the Netherlands.

Aqueous superconcentrated electrolyte solutions have recently attracted attention for aqueous high-voltage Li-ion batteries due to their wider potential window than that of conventionally concentrated aqueous ones. According to literatures, 21 mol kg-1 LiN(SO2CF3)2 (LiTFSA)/H2O and 27.8 mol kg-1 Li(TFSA)0.7[N(SO2C2F5)2 (BETI)]0.3/H2O electrolytes show potential window wider than 2 V and 3.5 V, respectively (1, 2). As well as the Li electrolytes, superconcentrated aqueous Na and K electrolytes have been recently studied. Thanks to weak Lewis acidity of Na+ and K+ ions, aqueous Na and K solutions show higher ionic conductivity than Li counterparts in principle. Indeed, 17 mol kg-1 NaClO4/H2O solution exhibits a very high ionic conductivity of 108 mS cm-1; however, potential window wider than 2 V is still challenging in aqueous Na-ion batteries (3). In this study, we have developed superconcentrated mixed cation electrolytes demonstrating wide potential window and high ionic conductivity based on NaN(SO2F)2 (NaFSA), KFSA, and H2O system to realize 2 V-class aqueous Na/K multi-ion batteries. Ionic conductivities of the electrolytes were measured at 25 °C. NaTi2(PO4)3 carbon composite (NTP/C) (4) and Na3V2(PO4)3 (NVP) (5) were used as negative electrode materials, and K2Mn[Fe(CN)6] (6) was as a positive electrode material. Al and Ti foils were used as a current collector for the negative and positive electrodes, respectively. Figure 1a shows water content of saturated aqueous K x Na1-x FSA solutions. The concentration of the saturated NaFSA and KFSA solutions as endmembers is 20 mol kg-1 and 31 mol kg-1, respectively. Higher concentration is realized at eutectic or close to eutectic composition of NaFSA - KFSA: 35 mol kg-1 for Na0.55K0.45FSA/H2O and 33 mol kg-1 for Na0.45K0.55FSA/H2O. Both Na/K mixed electrolytes show ionic conductivity of 20–25 mS cm-1 which is much higher than 3 mS cm-1 of 27.8 mol kg-1 Li(TFSA)0.7(BETI)0.3 (2). Figure 1b shows the LSV curves of Al and Ti foil for a cathodic and anodic scan, respectively, in the superconcentrated Na, K, and mixed electrolytes. 20 mol kg-1 NaFSA/H2O and 31 mol kg-1 KFSA/H2O as endmembers show potential window of 3.2 V and 3.4 V, respectively. As expected, the Na/K mixed electrolytes demonstrate a wider potential window of 3.5 V. NTP//K2Mn[Fe(CN)6] and NVP//K2Mn[Fe(CN)6] cells were fabricated using 33 mol kg-1 K0.55Na0.45FSA/H2O electrolyte. The NTP//K2Mn[Fe(CN)6] cell shows reversible charge/discharge curves with mainly two discharge voltage plateaus located at 1.7 V and 1.3 V and delivers reversible capacity of ca. 130 mAh g (positive electrode)-1 and 70 mAh g (negative electrode)-1 with excellent capacity retention over 30 cycles as shown in Fig. 1c. On the other hand, the NVP//K2Mn[Fe(CN)6] cell demonstrate 2 V-class operation as shown in Fig. 1d. Electrochemical performance and charge/discharge mechanism of the electrode materials in terms of insertion/extraction of Na/K multi-ions will be discussed in the presentation. References L. Suo, O. Borodin, T. Gao, M. Olguin, J. Ho, X. Fan, C. Luo, C. Wang and K. Xu, Science, 350, 938 (2015).Y. Yamada, K. Usui, K. Sodeyama, S. Ko, Y. Tateyama and A. Yamada, Nat. Energy, 1, 16129 (2016).K. Nakamoto, R. Sakamoto, Y. Sawada, M. Ito and S. Okada, Small Methods, 1800220 (2018).S. I. Park, I. Gocheva, S. Okada and J. Yamaki, J. Electrochem. Soc., 158, A1067 (2011).K. Saravanan, C. W. Mason, A. Rudola, K. H. Wong and P. Balaya, Adv. Energy Mater., 3, 444 (2013).T. Hosaka, K. Kubota, H. Kojima and S. Komaba, Chem. Commun., 54, 8387 (2018). Figure 1

An iterative dynamic programming (iDP) is proposed along with an adaptive objective function for solving optimal control problem (OCP) with isoperimetric constraint. Its application is investigated for optimal eco-driving control problem in electric vehicle (EV). The proposed method reduces the computational effort and enhances the global convergence of using iDP. Numerical calculations show that for the same computational time, the proposed method guarantees higher quality of solution when compared to basic iDP. In addition, the proposed method also achieves high accuracy of optimal solution with much less computational time than basic dynamic programming (DP), thus allowing for potential on-line implementation. Furthermore, the proposed iDP is successful in solving the optimal eco-driving control problem of EV with very long operational range.

Hydrogen isotope absorption by nickel-based binary nanocomposite samples has been examined in collaborative work in the new NEDO MHE project. The samples tested so far include Pd0.044Ni0.31Zr0.65 (“PNZ3” and re-calcined “PNZ3r”) and Cu0.044Ni0.31Zr0.65 (“CNZ5”). Material characterization by XRD and STEM/EDS has revealed the existence of crystalline phases of NiZr2, ZrO2, etc., and nano-meter size structures of binary Pd/Ni or Cu/Ni composites in ZrO2 supporter. All samples at elevated temperatures (200–300◦C) showed anomalous heat evolution with excess power of 5–10 W for periods of several days, which corresponded to excess energy of 5 keV/atom-D(H) or 0.5 GJ/mol-D(H). This anomalous heat generation phenomenon could be the basis for practical, carbon-free energy devices that do not produce hard radiations.

Cellulase, xylanase, and β-glucosidase production was studied on novel nano-shear pretreated corn stover by the mixed fungi culture. The high shear force from a modified Tayor-Couette nano-shear mixing reactor efficiently disintegrated corn stover, resulting in a homogeneous watery mash with particles in much reduced size. Scanning electron microscope study showed visible mini-pores on the fiber cell wall surface, which could improve the accessibility of the pretreated corn stover to microorganisms. Mixed fungal culture of Trichoderma reesei RUT-C30 and Aspergillus niger produced enzymes with higher cellulolytic and xylanolytic activities on corn stover pretreated with nano-shear mixing reactor, in comparison with other pretreatment methods, including acid and ammonia fiber explosion (AFEX) pretreatment. The hydrolytic potential of the whole fermentation broth from the mixed fungi was studied, and the possibility of applying the whole cell saccharification concept was also investigated to further reduce the cost of lignocellulose hydrolysis.

We report on a new method for fast electrical modulation of the polarization state of a simple, two terminal VCSEL. By biasing the VCSEL with a gated RF signal, polarization can be modulated at more than a GHz rate, which is fastest for electrical modulation of polarization.