Tekniker

The escalating global crisis of antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacterial infections, along with the continuous threat of viral outbreaks, poses a serious risk to public health worldwide and underscores the urgent need for innovative therapeutic strategies. In this study, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) were successfully synthesized and subsequently functionalized with copper to impart broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. The oxidation state of copper on the MSN surface was modulated through thermal treatments, allowing the evaluation of its influence on antimicrobial efficacy. The modified MSNs were tested against key bacterial pathogens, including Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, achieving complete bactericidal activity after 2 h of exposure to E. coli. Moreover, as well as influenza A (H1N1) pdm09, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and MS2 bacteriophage (MS2) were evaluated, reaching an efficiency higher than 80%, 90%, and 97%, respectively. The results indicated that copper-modified MSNs exhibit potent antibacterial and antiviral activity, highlighting their potential as an antibiotic-free alternative for preventing microbial infections while mitigating the development of AMR bacteria.

Bendungan Sepaku Semoi adalah bendungan pertama yang dibuat di IKN. Bendungan Sepaku Semoi merupakan jenis bendungan homogen dengan clay sebagai material ini. Bendungan ini dilengkapi dengan vertical drain, horizontal drain, dan rock toe. Bendungan harus memenuhi angka faktor keamanan yang disyaratkan, maka studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa rembesan, piping, stabilitas lereng dan deformasi permanen. Secara geologi, bendungan ini bertumpu pada batuan formasi pamaluan. Bedasarkan hasil test lugeon, bendungan tidak memerlukan perbaikan pondasi, dan daya dukung pondasi dapat menahan beban timbunan bendungan. Stabilitas terhadap aliran rembesan yang dianalisis menggunakan SEEP/W menunjukkan bahwa debit rembesan, gejala piping memenuhi syarat faktor keamanan. Analisis stabilitas lereng dengan Metode Bishop menggunakan SLOPE/W memperlihatkan bahwa kondisi statis, OBE 100 dan MDE 5000 memenuhi syarat faktor keamanan. Analisa deformasi permanen terbukti tidak diperlukan pada studi ini.

ABSTRACT Additive manufacturing (AM), or 3D printing, has attracted substantial attention in the aerospace sector due to its potential for complex part manufacturing, reduced material waste, and greater design freedom. The integration of robot-assisted systems with additive manufacturing (AM) techniques has demonstrated the potential to enhance efficiency, precision, and scalability. This review paper seeks to investigate recent advancements in robot-assisted AM for aerospace applications, emphasizing their impact on the industry and discussing future possibilities. The concept of robot-assisted additive manufacturing has been addressed and its advantages over traditional methods are highlighted. A complete examination of contemporary research and breakthroughs in this sector is offered, covering wire arcing additive manufacturing, laser metal deposition, and the extrusion of composite materials. The hardware implementation, printing material utilization, and printing path planning methods are investigated for the AM of metallic and fiber-reinforced composite materials. The challenges connected with robot-assisted AM, including system calibration, accuracy, and adaptability to complicated geometries, have been studied as well. Overall, the insights presented will be beneficial for researchers, engineers, and industry professionals working in aerospace manufacturing, paving the path for the next generation of robot-assisted AM techniques.

The manufacture of industrial components requires a process planning stage where features such as slots, holes, and steps need to be identified in the Computer-Aided Design (CAD) models. Precise detection of these machining features is essential to generate accurate manufacturing instructions. Over the past four decades, automating this manual process has been an area of research known as Automatic Feature Recognition (AFR). To date, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are the state-of-the-art approach for this task. Nevertheless, given the increasing ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) to understand complex information, this work proposes employing LLMs for the AFR problem. In this study, ASCII-formatted STL files are treated as language-based data for a feature classification task. For doing so, Qwen, a pre-trained LLM with robust performance across diverse tasks, is compared to a CNN model that processes voxelised input. The results are validated to understand the capabilities and computational effort required by LLMs in the context of AFR, and to evaluate their understanding of new text-based formats such as STL. For this purpose, a dataset of 24 feature classes is used for a classification task. According to the results, LLM-based methods demonstrate an understanding of STL data, revealing potential for feature classification in this field.

Sampah plastik yang sangat umum ditemui di lingkungan Universitas Hasyim Asy’ari Tebuireng Jombang yaitu plastik pembungkus suatu makanan atau minuman. Sampah plastik tersebut termasuk ke dalam plastik jenis LDPE dan PS. Konversi sampah plastik menjadi bahan bakar alternatif dilakukan melalui proses pirolisis. Pirolisis adalah proses dimana bahan diuraikan pada suhu tinggi tanpa adanya atau terbatasnya udara. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hasil dari pengaruh variasi berat sampah plastik terhadap volume dan nilai kalor minyak pada proses pirolisis. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian eksperimental, dalam metode ini menggunakan variasi perbandingan berat sampah plastik LDPE:PS yaitu: 100%:0%; 70%:30%; 50%:50%; 40%:60% dan 0%:100% dengan total berat sampah plastik sebesar 600 gram yang diolah menggunakan teknik komparasi. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif. Pengujian ini dilakukan dengan proses pirolisis selama 120 menit dengan temperatur pembakaran 100 dan temperatur kondensor 10. Hasil dari penelitian ini dapat diketahui bahwa variasi LDPE 0% : PS 100% menghasilkan rata-rata volume minyak yang lebih banyak dibandingkan variasi lainnya sebesar 28,67 ml. Sedangkan variasi LDPE 100% : PS 0% menghasilkan rata-rata nilai kalor minyak yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan variasi lainnya 36197,75967 . Diketahui nilai (Sig.) untuk pengaruh variasi berat sampah plastik terhadap volume minyak pada proses pirolisis adalah 0,048 sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh yang signifikan. Serta dapat diketahui nilai (Sig.) untuk pengaruh variasi berat sampah plastik terhadap nilai kalor minyak pada proses pirolisis adalah 0,742 sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak ada pengaruh yang signifikan.

Pesawat Cessna C208B PK-NGA mengalami kecelakaan pada penerbangan Dekai menuju Fenteheik. Pada saat itu pesawat memasuki keypoint Fenteheik pada ketinggian 6.400 ft, lebih tinggi dari panduan rute yang direkomendasikan sekitar 6100 ft. Pilot tetap melanjutkan pendaratan, pesawat mendarat di Runway 17, laju penurunan yang tercatat saat menyentuh landasan sekitar 1.680 fpm dengan kecepatan IAS 85 knot. Pesawat mengalami dua kali pantulan sebelum roda depan patah. Metode Human Factor Analysis and Classification System (HFACS), yang mengkategorikan faktor penyebab kecelakaan dalam empat faktor. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kesalahan pengambilan keputusan (decision errors) dalam kategori unsafe acts merupakan faktor utama penyebab kecelakaan, dengan diikuti oleh beberapa faktor lainnya seperti perceptual eror, environment factor, conditions of operator, personel factor dan skill based error. Rekomendasi dari penelitian ini menyarankan untuk merevisi Operation Manual (OM) apabila terdapat kejadian yang serupa dan melakukan pelatihan terhadap pilot guna meningkatkan profesionalitasnya dalam menjalankan operasinya. Kata Kunci: Kecelakaan Pesawat, Penerbangan Papua, Cessna C208B

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperkenalkan dan menerapkan teknologi budidaya ikan dalam ember berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) sebagai sistem kontrol instrumentasi dasar. Metode penelitian Prototype ini dengan tahapan berupa perancangan hardware dan software dalam praktik didampingi langsung oleh tim peneliti kepada Guru dan siswa. Pemanfaatkan teknologi IoT, pelatihan ini tidak hanya meningkatkan efisiensi dalam budidaya ikan tetapi juga memberikan pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang sistem kontrol instrumentasi dasar. Hasil analisis menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan peserta sebesar 24% dalam bidang budidaya ikan, dari 63% awal menjadi 87%. Tujuan dari penerapan teknologi ini adalah untuk menunjukkan peningkatan wawasan bagi guru dan siswa sekolah Global Madani sebagai media pembalajaran Inovasi teknologi, edukasi budidaya ikan dalam memanfaatkan ruang terbatas dengan solusi inovasi aplikasi teknologi budidaya ikan dalam ember berbasis IoT. Sistem ini dapat memantau suhu air, kelembaban, pH, dan tingkat oksigen dalam ember, serta memberikan informasi secara real-time kepada pengguna melalui internet. Dengan menggunakan IoT, pengguna dapat memastikan bahwa lingkungan budidaya ikan tetap optimal, sehingga mempercepat pertumbuhan ikan dan meningkatkan hasil produksi. Pengguna juga dapat melakukan intervensi secara tepat waktu jika ada masalah dengan lingkungan budidaya, seperti perubahan suhu air atau tingkat oksigen yang rendah dengan monitoring langsung menggunakan smartphone. Pendekatan pembelajaran berbasis pemecahan masalah dan praktik langsung menggunakan prototype dibuktikan keaktipan antusiasme peserta dan hasil praktikum yang efektif sehingga disimpulkan adanya peningkatkan kreativitas mahasiswa.

The development of cost-effective components for Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) electrolyzers plays a crucial role in the transformation of renewable energy into hydrogen. To achieve this goal, two main issues should be addressed: reducing the Platinum Group Metal (PGM) content present on the electrodes and finding a large-scale electrode manufacturing method. Magnetron sputtering could solve these hurdles since it allows the production of highly pure thin films in a single-step process and is a well-established industrial and automated technique for thin film deposition. In this work, we have developed an ultra-low 0.1 mg cm−2 Pt loading electrode using magnetron sputtering gas aggregation method (MSGA), directly depositing the Pt nanoparticles on top of the carbon substrate, followed by a complete evaluation of the electrochemical properties of the sputtered electrode. These ultra-low Pt content electrodes have been thoroughly characterized and tested in a real electrolyzer cell. They demonstrate similar efficiency to commercial electrodes with a Pt content of 0.3 mg/cm2, achieving a 67% reduction in Pt loading. Additionally, durability tests indicate that these electrodes offer greater stability compared to their commercial counterparts. Thus, magnetron sputtering has been proven as a promising technology for manufacturing optimum high-performance electrodes at an industrial scale.

The growth of motorized vehicles in Indonesia reached 4.1% with a total number of vehicles of 136,137,451. Vehicle units operated on the highway will cause an increase in noise on the highway caused by the operation of vehicle horns. The Indonesian government has regulated horn noise quality standards through Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 55 Tahun 2012. Indonesia has agreed to the Asean Mutual Recognation Agreement (MRA) for automotive product standards in the Asean region referring to UN ECE where for horn testing it refers to the UN ECE R28 Part II standard. From testing the horn at durations of 1, 5, 10 and 15 seconds using a battery and an idle engine, there was no significant difference in the resulting horn sound level. This research aims to ensure the source of electric current when testing the horn so that the test can run more effectively and efficiently by establishing in the operational standards the UN ECE R 28 Part II test procedure using a battery only.

The electrical impedance of dilute aqueous solutions containing extracts from five brands of canned tuna is analyzed using impedance spectroscopy in order to analyze their salt content and detect the potential presence of other salts beyond the well-stated NaCl. A complex electrical impedance is modeled with an equivalent electrical circuit, demonstrating good agreement with experimental data. This circuit accounts for the contribution of ions in the bulk solution, as well as those contributing to electrode polarization. The parameters describing the equivalent circuits, obtained through fitting data to the electrical impedance, are discussed in terms of the various ion contributions to both the electrical double layer at the electrode interface and the electrical conductivity of each solution. The ionic contribution to the electrical impedance is compared with that of a pure NaCl solution at the same concentration range. This comparison, when extended to real samples, allows for the development of a model to estimate the electrical conductivity of canned tuna samples, thereby determining the salt concentration in tuna. The model enables differentiation among the various samples of tuna studied. Subsequently, the potential presence of other ions besides Na+ and Cl- and their contribution to the electrical properties of each canned tuna extract is considered, especially for samples with a higher ratio of the sum of K+ and phosphates to Na+ concentration. This analysis shows the potential of impedance spectroscopy for on-site and rapid analysis of salt content and/or detection of additives in canned tuna fish.