Teofilo Kisanji University

Fasihi ya Kiswahili ya Watoto imechangia katika kuangazia masuala mtambuko kama vile janga la UKIMWI, dhuluma za kijinsia na dawa za kulevya yanayoathiri afya ya binadamu na kutatiza kuafikiwa kwa maendeleo endelevu katika jamii. Makala hii ililenga kuchunguza usawiri wa suala la UKIMWI kama suala mtambuko katika matini teule za Fasihi ya Kiswahili ya Watoto. katika kuhamasisha jamii dhidi ya visababishi na athari zaKIMWI katika maisha ya binadamu. Malengo yafuatayo yaliongoza utafiti huu: Kutathmini nafasi ya Fasihi ya Kiswahili ya Watoto katika kuhamasisha jamii dhidi ya visababishi na athari ya ugonjwa wa UKIMWI na kubainisha njia mwafaka za kukabiliana na maambukizi na maenezi ya UKIMWI kama ilivyosawiriwa katika matini teule za Fasihi ya Kiswahili ya Watoto. Matini zilizochanganuliwa ni: Siku ya Ukimwi (John Kobia, 2008), Sitaki Iwe Siri (Bitugi Matundura, 2008), Madhila ya Bi. Shufaa (Nuhu Bakari, 2008), Pendo katika Shari (Clara Momanyi, 2008), Kosa la Marehemu (Andrew Panja, 2010) na Nimefufuka (Rebecca Nandwa, 2011). Matini teule zimo katika msururu wa “Afya Yangu.” Nadharia ya Uhalisia iliongoza utafiti huu. Sampuli ya utafiti iliteuliwa kimakusudi na data ikachanganuliwa kwa njia ya maelezo. Utafiti huu ulibainisaha kuwa Fasihi ya Kiswahili ya Watoto ilitumika kikamilifu kuhamasisha wanajamii kuhusu visababishi vya UKIMWI, athari zake na jinsi ya kuziboresha. Utafiti zaidi ulipendekezwa kuhusu nafasi ya Fasihi ya Watoto katika kukabiliana na dawa za kulevya. Hii ni kwa sababu vijana wamejihusisha na matumizi ya dawa za kulevya na kusababisha vifo na uharibifu wa rasilimali kama vile kuchoma shule na kuongezeka kwa utovu wa nidhamu. Kwa ujumla, utafiti huu umedhihirisha umuhimu wa fasihi ya Kiswahili ya Watoto katika kukabiliana na matatizo yanayokumba jamii kama vile changamoto za UKIMWI na namna ya kuziboresha ili kuafikiwa kwa maendeleo endelevu

IntroductionMothers’ experiences at birth and respectful maternal care are critical to achieving Sustainable Development Goal number 3 in Tanzania. However, little is known about the differences in perinatal experience quality between women with and without HIV. To address this gap, we compared mothers’ experience at birth among women with and without HIV.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted in four Reproductive and Child Health Clinics in Mbeya, Tanzania between June and August 2022. Childbirth experience was assessed among mothers with and without HIV 1 week after birth using the Child Birth Experience Questionnaire (CEQ) and Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R) questionnaires translated to Swahili. Higher scores reflected better experiences. Using this baseline assessment, bivariate and multivariate linear regression analyses tested the associations between HIV status and other patient factors and child-birth experience scores.ResultsA total of 1252 mothers were invited, of which 626 (288 (46%) with HIV, mean (SD age 31.9±7.8 years)), were included. Mothers with HIV had lower scores in most CEQ and BSS-R domains compared with mothers without HIV. Significant mean CEQ score differences between mothers with and without HIV were observed in both CEQ and BSS-R scores: After adjusting for demographic factors, regression coefficients, β for CEQ scores were higher among mothers without HIV compared with mothers with HIV for: ‘own capacity’ 0.73, p<0.001, ‘Professional support’ 0.94, p<0.001 and ‘Participation’ 0.33, p<0.001. Similarly, β for BSS-R scores were higher among mothers without HIV for ‘Quality of care provision’ 0.87, p<0.001), ‘Women’s personal attributes’ 0.27, p=0.002 and ‘Stress experienced’ 0.1, p=0.1.ConclusionsMothers with HIV in the postpartum period reported poorer CEQ and BSS-R scores compared with mothers without HIV. These results suggest a need to improve respectful maternity care at birth among the mothers with HIV.

Mercury contamination in soils represents a significant environmental and public health concern due to its high toxicity, persistence in the environment, and potential for bioaccumulation. This review critically evaluates conventional remediation techniques for mercury-contaminated soils, focusing on their effectiveness and inherent limitations. It synthesizes findings from recent studies to assess the efficacy of widely used methods, including soil washing, thermal desorption, and chemical stabilization, while analyzing factors that influence their success and failure, such as mercury speciation, soil properties, and the presence of co-contaminants. The review identifies critical knowledge gaps and highlights opportunities for future research aimed at developing improved remediation strategies tailored to specific mercury forms and environmental contexts. A comprehensive assessment is provided, emphasizing the need for innovations that enhance remediation outcomes while addressing the economic and environmental costs associated with these approaches. Overall, the review seeks to advance sustainable and effective solutions for mitigating the environmental and health risks posed by mercury-contaminated soils.

Resumo A implantodontia representa um dos maiores avanços da odontologia reabilitadora, consolidando-se como uma alternativa funcional e estética amplamente utilizada na substituição de dentes perdidos. No entanto, a presença de histórico de doença periodontal entre pacientes submetidos ao tratamento com implantes levantou importantes questionamentos clínicos. Evidências científicas demonstraram que pacientes com periodontite apresentaram maior risco para o desenvolvimento de complicações peri-implantares, como mucosite e peri-implantite, as quais comprometeram a longevidade dos implantes e a saúde dos tecidos peri-implantares. Neste contexto, compreendeu-se a importância de identificar os fatores de risco associados, os protocolos clínicos mais seguros e os critérios adequados para a indicação de implantes em pacientes com histórico periodontal. Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a viabilidade clínica da instalação de implantes dentários em indivíduos com histórico de periodontite, analisando os cuidados necessários, as taxas de sucesso e os desafios envolvidos. A pesquisa propôs uma revisão crítica da literatura científica atual, com o intuito de embasar condutas clínicas eficazes, seguras e personalizadas. A relevância da investigação residiu na possibilidade de promover melhorias na prática odontológica baseada em evidências, além de impactar positivamente a qualidade de vida de pacientes frequentemente marginalizados em indicações convencionais de reabilitação oral. Com isso, buscou-se contribuir para uma abordagem mais humanizada e científica no manejo desses casos complexos.

A síntese de concretos ecológicos à luz da Economia Circular contribui significativamente para redução da emissão de na atmosfera. Neste trabalho, propomos sintetizar concretos com base na redução de 10% e 20% de cimento usual a partir da adição, em mesmo percentual, de um agregado orgânico na forma de pó de serragem da espécie Eucalyptus cloeziana. Confeccionamos corpos de provas para testes comparativos com relação ao aumento de resistência mecânica e eficiência frente ao traço de bloquetes à base de cimentos usuais. Confrontamos a resistência mecânica desses materiais parcialmente ecológicos e analisamos os seus limites em bloquetes para utilidade em restritas pavimentações públicas.

Concrete is the main material used in the construction industry. However, even with technological advances in its production, many structures perform unsatisfactorily due to errors in design, implementation, maintenance, repairs, poor quality materials, lack of maintenance and other factors of a physical, chemical or mechanical nature that contribute to structural deterioration. Given this scenario, it is crucial to explore contemporary solutions to improve the durability and performance of concrete structures in construction. Therefore, greater knowledge of structures and materials is needed, through studies and analysis of pathological manifestations, as this makes it possible to evolve the quality of constructions, which allows for better habitability and durability. The main objective of this study is to investigate the main causes of pathological manifestations in reinforced concrete structural elements in a building in the municipality of Carlos Chagas-MG, as well as methods of preventing and repairing them. To this end, the work was divided into two stages: a literature review to provide a theoretical basis for finding out about published studies dealing with the proposed topic, as well as defining an appropriate analysis methodology, and a case study. In addition, on-site visits were made to assess the state of the building and record pathologies. The results showed various pathologies such as exposure to corrosion of the reinforcement, segregation of the concrete, cracks and fissures, and efflorescence. Thus, intervention proposals were made as described in the literature to provide safety, stability, aesthetics and comfort for residents.

BackgroundIn Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo, there is a low evocation of the diagnosis of sickle cell disease (SCD) by first-level healthcare providers (HCPs), most likely because of poor knowledge of the disease.AimTo assess the levels of knowledge and practices of SCD and to identify determinants of the practices among primary HCPs.SettingHealthcare facilities in Selembao health zone in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.MethodsA cross-sectional study of HCPs randomly selected through a two-stage sampling design. Data were collected using a pre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaire. Univariate and bivariate analysis were done to describe the levels of knowledge and practices of SCD. Factors associated with better practices on SCD were determined using multiple linear regression. The threshold for statistical significance was p ˂ 0.05.ResultsA total of 318 HCPs, which included 80 physicians and 238 nurses, participated in the study. The participants showed different scores on the components of the knowledge. All the participants showed poor practices on SCD. Multiple linear regression retained overall knowledge of SCD as a significant predictor of better practice for physicians. Knowledge of SCD and duration of work experience were significant predictors of better practices among nurses.ConclusionThe practices of healthcare providers on SCD were far from optimal. These practices were significantly associated with knowledge and experience of healthcare providers.ContributionThis study highlighted the need for continuing professional education to enhance the management of SCD in the setting.

Nb-peroxo@iron oxides show high selectivity and activity in aniline conversion to azoxybenzene.

Purpose With the advent of ICTs, a large percentage of university students are shifting their interest and focus on digital learning resources from print ones. This study aims to examine the diversity, motivations and challenges students face in using these learning resources at Teofilo Kisanji University (TEKU) in Tanzania. Design/methodology/approach The researchers used elements of both quantitative and qualitative research approaches in a complementary fashion. The study draws upon cross-section survey data collected from students (n = 90) alongside follow-up key informants semi-structured interviews with library and academic staff (n = 10). Findings The study’s findings signify that internet resources are significantly deployed by students than other resources such as CD-ROM, e-books, journals, slides and audio clips. The findings further inform that the wide range of these resources and 24/7 convenient access are important motivating factors for their usage. On the other hand, the cost of internet services, limited searching competencies and limited subscribed databases inhibit effective and efficient usage of these by students at TEKU. Originality/value The present study clearly discloses students’ motivations for accessing and using digital learning resources.