Thai-Nichi Institute of Technology

This study examines the effect of hydrazine hydrate levels on chemically reduced graphene oxide (GO) to synthesize reduced graphene oxide (rGO) for Pb (II) electrochemical detection. GO was prepared by the modified Hummers’ method and reduced with 1-5 mL hydrazine hydrate. FTIR analyzed changes in oxygen-containing groups. rGO samples were drop-cast onto screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) and characterized by SEM-EDX. Electrochemical behavior was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) in 5 mM [Fe (CN)₆]³⁻/⁴⁻ with 0.1 M KCl. rGO reduced with 3 mL hydrazine hydrate showed the highest current (52.45 ± 1.98 µA), a 196.6% increase over bare electrodes. This condition also gave the best detection of 1 ppm Pb (II) in 0.1 M acetate buffer (pH 5) via square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV), with a 135.0% signal enhancement. These results highlight the importance of hydrazine hydrate level on optimizing rGO for improved electrochemical properties, sensitivity, and reproducibility for Pb (II) detection.

India’s agricultural sector faces various challenges, including the adoption of sustainable production methods to improve yields and efficiency. Traditional farming methods demand intensive manual labor, which has become increasingly scarce due to an aging rural workforce and growing urban migration. The objective of this paper is to use automated technology that can increase yield while requiring less labor and lower cost. The use of large agricultural machines leads to soil compaction, which obstructs root growth and decreases crop yield due to the low absorption of nutrients and water. To address this issue, a Multipurpose Agricultural Robotic System (MARS) has been developed that is both lightweight and affordable, unlike other existing technologies that perform tasks sequentially. The Raspberry Pi 4B serves as the central controller, interfacing with soil and climate sensors for environmental monitoring. Field prototype tests indicated a sowing spacing error of 2.3 ± 0.4 cm, weed detection accuracy of 91%, weeding success rate of 87%, and a harvesting damage rate of only 6%, with an average field coverage speed of 18 m²/hour and battery autonomy of 3.5 hours. This robot has the potential to revolutionize agriculture by introducing a modern approach to traditional methods. The novelty of MARS lies in integrating sowing, weeding, harvesting, and soil monitoring into a single low-cost, lightweight platform, offering a distinct advantage over commercial robots. This innovation aims to support farmers by offering more sustainable and productive harvests.

บริษัท ไปรษณีย์ไทย จำกัด เป็นองค์กรที่อยู่คู่กับคนไทยมายาวนาน การวิจัยนี้จึงมุ่งศึกษาแนวทางการเพิ่มคุณค่าให้กับองค์กร โดยมีวัตถุประสงค์ 3 ประการ ได้แก่ 1) ศึกษาเรื่องราวและอัตลักษณ์ของบริษัท ไปรษณีย์ไทย จำกัด 2) พัฒนาผลิตภัณฑ์ของที่ระลึกต้นแบบจากเรื่องราวของบริษัท ไปรษณีย์ไทย จำกัด และ 3) เพิ่มคุณค่าให้กับบริษัท ไปรษณีย์ไทย จำกัด โดยใช้ระเบียบวิธีวิจัยแบบผสมผสาน วิเคราะห์ข้อมูลโดยการคำนวณหาค่าเฉลี่ย (x̄) ค่าร้อยละ ส่วนเบี่ยงเบนมาตรฐาน (S.D.) และวิเคราะห์การรับรู้ไปรษณีย์ไทยด้วยการสัมภาษณ์ผู้บริหารสาขาในเขตกรุงเทพฯ และต่างจังหวัด รวม 4 ภาค 8 สาขา พร้อมกับผู้ใช้บริการไปรษณีย์ไทย จำนวน 80 คน ผลการวิจัย พบว่า 1) เรื่องราวและอัตลักษณ์ของบริษัท ไปรษณีย์ไทย จำกัด คือ ความหลัง ความผูกพัน และความรัก 2) ผลงานออกแบบเป็นไปได้ 3 แนวคิด คือ Storyteller นักเล่าเรื่องถ่ายทอดเรื่องราว Post-Reaction ผลิตภัณฑ์ที่สร้างการมีส่วนร่วมระหว่างผู้ส่ง-ผู้รับ และ Superhero บุรุษไปรษณีย์ผู้เป็นที่พึ่งของประชาชน จากการนำเสนอต่อผู้เชี่ยวชาญ พบว่า Post-Reaction มีความพึงพอใจสูงที่สุด (x̄ = 4.18) รองลงมา คือ Superhero (x̄ = 4.08) และ Storyteller (x̄ = 4.05) ดังนั้นจึงพัฒนา Post-Reaction สู่การผลิตต้นแบบ และ 3) ผลประเมินการเพิ่มคุณค่าให้องค์กรจากกลุ่มตัวอย่างผู้ใช้บริการไปรษณีย์ไทย จำนวน 512 คน พบว่า นาโน ไมโคร บล็อก ตัวต่อย้อนยุคบุรุษไปรษณีย์ อาคารไปรษณีย์ ตู้ไปรษณีย์ (x̄ = 3.92, S.D. = 0.82) และ Board game การเดินทางของบุรุษไปรษณีย์ (x̄ = 3.96, S.D. = 0.83) มีความพึงพอใจระดับมาก และเป็นของที่ระลึกที่ใช้เวลาร่วมกันได้ สะท้อนเรื่องราว ต่อยอดสู่การประชาสัมพันธ์ ทันสมัย แปลกใหม่ และน่าสะสม ซึ่งคาดว่าสามารถส่งผลต่อการเลือกใช้บริการในอนาคตด้วยเช่นกัน Thailand Post Company Limited has been an integral part of Thai society for a long time. This research aimed to explore ways to enhance the organizational value of Thailand Post. The objectives were to: 1) study the story and identity of Thailand Post Company Limited, 2) develop a prototype souvenir product inspired by its story, and 3) enhance the organization’s value. A mixed-methods approach was employed, with data analyzed using mean (x̄), percentage, and standard deviation (S.D.). Interviews were conducted with branch executives in Bangkok and four other regions, covering eight branches in total, as well as with 80 Thailand Post service users. The findings revealed that: 1) the story and identity of Thailand Post are associated with memories, attachment, and love; 2) three design concepts were developed: Storyteller, featuring a character who narrates and shares stories; Post-Reaction, a product designed to promote interactive engagement between sender and receiver; and Superhero, depicting the postman as a dedicated supporter of the people. Expert feedback indicated that Post-Reaction had the highest satisfaction (x̄ = 4.18), followed by Superhero (x̄ = 4.08) and Storyteller (x̄ = 4.05), leading to the development of Post-Reaction as a prototype; and 3) user evaluation by 512 Thailand Post service users showed high satisfaction with nano micro blocks, retro building blocks, postman figures, post office buildings, mailboxes (x̄ = 3.92, S.D. = 0.82), and the board game The Postman’s Journey (x̄ = 3.96, S.D. = 0.83). These prototype souvenirs reflect Thailand Post’s story, are modern, unique, and collectible, and can support public relations efforts to influence future service usage.

The advantages of a WPT (wireless power transfer) system include simplicity, safety, and dependability. Electrical adjustments should be made to energy transfer coils in applications to boost output power while decreasing input capacity. This article provides a hybrid approach for compensatory topologies in WPT system. The hybrid technique combines the Lyrebird Optimization Algorithm (LOA) and the Dual Attention Graph Convolutional Network (DAGCN), and it is known as the LOA-DAGCN technique. The proposed solution aims to improve power efficiency in the WPT system. The proposed LOA approach is to determine the best controller parameters and generate a set of control signals. The DAGCN predicts the power delivered to the load. The suggested technique's performance is evaluated using the MATLAB working environment and compared to other approaches currently in use. Current techniques include particle swarm optimization (PSO), recurrent neural networks (RNN), and artificial neural networks (ANN). According to the findings, the proposed technique is 97.0% efficient, while the existing ANN's is 87.0%, the RNN's is 77.0%, and the PSO's is 68.0%.

BackgroundThis study examines the impact of digital channels on public health services and their role in enhancing city resilience.MethodsConducted in Thailand, this study employed an online questionnaire distributed in both Thai and English from December 2023 to February 2024. A total of 824 valid responses from Thai nationals and foreigners were analyzed. Exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling were performed using IBM SPSS 23 and AMOS 23.ResultsDigital channels have a strong positive direct effect on public health services (β = 0.70, p < 0.001), public health services have a strong positive direct effect on resilient cities (β = 0.69, p < 0.001), and digital channels have a low positive direct and a moderate positive indirect effect on resilient cities (β = 0.19, p < 0.001, and β = 0.48, p < 0.001, respectively). The model demonstrated excellent fit with the empirical data: X2/df = 2.189, CFI = 0.954, GFI = 0.900, NFI = 0.919, TLI = 0.946, RMSEA = 0.038, and RMR = 0.047.ConclusionsDigital channels are critical tools for collecting, analyzing, and disseminating public health service data. They improve public health services across five dimensions—product, facility, service, process, and price—while also strengthening city resilience in disaster management, economic stability, quality of life, and institutional capacity.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12913-025-13480-4.

The precise management of time-dependent environmental data connected to soil moisture alongside temperature and humidity serves as a key component of precision agriculture systems. The research develops an approach to analyze wireless sensor network data obtained across multiple sensors deployed in a smart agriculture testing environment. The dataset was collected over five hours by eight sensor nodes while enriching the information with various environmental conditions specific to irrigation periods. Experimental data were divided into four successive phases that corresponded to different operational periods: pre-watering and immediate post-watering and short-term recovery and stabilization. The analysis system combines matrix-based statistics along with mean and standard deviation methods alongside visualization methods to reveal behavioral patterns with their associated variabilities. The confidence band defined by ±1 presented uncertainty levels in environmental measurement data. The collected sensor data maintained predictable behavior during irrigation by demonstrating both increasingly wet soil and higher humidity and momentary temperature reduction. A multi-part visual design successfully measured the active response patterns throughout all measurement channels. The research adds value to smart farming through its development of a statistical framework which examines sensor temporal patterns. The developed methodology improves environmental decision-making interpretability thereby enabling real-time irrigation control and enhanced resource management.

In the industry, a recurring issue has been identified wherein both machining part manufacturers and customer factories utilize Coordinate Measuring Machines (CMM) for dimensional inspection prior to product delivery and acceptance. The most frequent measurement discrepancy arises in hole size assessment. The root cause was found to be the difference in probe sizes used by the manufacturers and the customer’s CMMs, leading to inconsistencies in measurement results. This discrepancy raised concerns, prompting a research study to investigate the factors influencing hole size measurement accuracy in CMM systems. A Full Factorial Experimental Design and Measurement System Analysis (MSA) employing Gauge Repeatability and Reproducibility (GR&R) testing was performed to identify the primary factors affecting CMM measurement performance. The analysis revealed that all selected factors substantially affected measurement accuracy. The adjusted coefficient of determination (R-sq(adj)) was calculated to be 0.974, indicating a strong correlation between the specified variables and the measurement outcomes. The GR&R result was recorded at 0.76%, indicating it is within a good range and validating the measurement system's acceptability. The ideal measurement settings were determined by experimental design and response optimization as follows: (1) a probe diameter of 4.0 mm, (2) measurement points established at five locations, (3) a square probing trajectory, (4) a measurement depth of 5.0 mm, and (5) a counterclockwise probing orientation. Five repeated measurements were made using the optimal factor levels to support the experimental findings. The results showed an extremely low error rate of 0.0036%, demonstrating exceptional accuracy and dependability. By successfully establishing the enhanced parameters as a standard in CMM measurement processes, industrial applications can benefit from increased measurement accuracy and consistency.

Early detection of skin cancer is essential for improving patient survival rates and treatment outcomes. This study investigates the performance of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) architectures s in skin cancer classification and addresses the challenges posed by class imbalance through a hybrid sampling strategy. The proposed balancing techniques significantly improved model sensitivity to underrepresented malignant lesions. Experimental results show that ConvNeXtLarge achieved the highest performance, with a recall of 82.76%. With a resampling method applied, the recall of cancerous classes, particularly melanoma, increased across all models, demonstrating notable improvements over the imbalanced dataset.

Jerusalem artichoke powder (JAP) is a natural source of inulin but presents limited hydration and adsorption properties, highlighting the need for improved processing methods to enhance functional food applications. This study evaluated the effects of thermal pretreatment (blanching at 100°C for 2 min; B) combined with gamma irradiation (0–10 kGy; IR) on the functional and structural properties of JAP. Samples were assessed for hydration capacity, glucose adsorption, antioxidant activity, carbohydrate content, and molecular structure using FTIR and 1 H NMR spectroscopy. The treatment combining blanching and irradiation at 2.5 kGy (B‐IR2.5) produced the most significant improvements, with water holding capacity increasing to 11.8 g/g, swelling capacity to 17.8 g/g, and glucose adsorption reaching 148 mmol/g. Antioxidant activity also improved, with total phenolic content rising to 60 mg GAE/g in nonblanched samples irradiated at 7.5 kGy (NB‐IR7.5). Protein and total dietary fiber contents increased to 11.94 and 28.6 g/100 g, respectively, while reducing sugar and inulin contents were reduced due to thermal degradation. FTIR analysis revealed stronger signals in hydroxyl and glycosidic bond regions, while 1 H NMR spectra of B‐IR and NB‐IR at 2.5 kGy showed reduced signal complexity and patterns similar to those of commercial short‐chain inulin. An optimized combination of blanching and low‐dose gamma irradiation enhances key functional and structural attributes of JAP, making it suitable as an alternative dietary fiber source in functional food applications.

Until the 1980s, electromagnetic mechanical circuit breakers, relays connected in series, and fuses were used as distributors for the power system of spacecraft to switch load equipment and isolate faulty equipment, protecting the load and wires as a total system and ensuring safety. As systems became more complex and larger, 28 V dc power supplies were the mainstream, but in the 1970s, a review of power systems with 100 V dc or higher for the aerospace system began, and NASA began research on switchgear (RPC: Remote Power Controller) using semiconductors. For the space station, whose conceptual design began in the 1980s, NASA began research on 120 V dc RPC, 300 V dc RPC, etc. Due to the requirement of manned safety on the space station, switching devices that generates arcs when cut off poses a safety hazard, so a transition to switchgear using semiconductors was inevitable. The International Space Station, currently operating in space orbit, finally settled on adopting 120 V dc for the power bus line in 1989 after technical trade-off discussions on DC and AC power for the power distribution system. JAXA, as an international partner, began basic design of the Japanese Experimental Module (JEM) in 1990, and Japan also began designing and developing switchgear (RPC: Remote Power Controller) using semiconductors compatible with full-scale 120 V dc. This paper describes the development history and subsequent operational evaluation of the newly developed space solid-state switchgear technology for the power system of the Japanese Experiment Module.