The David Hume Institute

"This book, in its exploration of the multifaceted nature of serious and organized crime globally, dedicates a significant portion to examining policy and law enforcement interventions"--

This chapter critically examines the legal categorization of forced marriage within the context of modern slavery, focusing on the need for legislative reform in England and Wales. It explores the intricate parallels between forced marriage and modern slavery, emphasizing shared elements of coercion, exploitation, and infringement of autonomy and consent. The discussion includes a philosophical analysis of forced marriage, considering feminist theories and the impact of patriarchal norms. By comparing the current legal frameworks of England and Wales with international standards set by the United Nations and the International Labour Organization, the chapter highlights discrepancies and advocates for harmonization. It underscores the importance of recognizing forced marriage as a form of modern slavery to ensure comprehensive legal responses, protection, and support for victims, culminating in a call for legal reform in England and Wales to align with global human rights efforts.

Objetivo: Diseñar y determinar un instrumento que evalúe el conocimiento de las educadoras de párvulo respecto a la salud oral de los niños en Valparaíso.Métodos: Estudio de serie de casos, transversal. Se realizó una encuesta de 23 preguntas que se basaron en los contenidos del “Programa de promoción y prevención en salud bucal para niños y niñas preescolares, MINSAL, 2007” aplicada a 244 parvularias.Resultados: La encuesta presentó un Alpha de Cronbach de 0,84. Se obtuvo una media de nota 3,5 (IC 95%: 3.4-3.6) según la escala del 1 al 7, que representa el nivel de conocimiento de las parvularias, en donde el área mejor calificada fue la alimentación. Conclusiones: Las parvularias presentan conocimiento deficiente en relación al programa de salud bucodentaria, por lo que es necesaria una capacitación en relación a esta temática.

It sometimes seems that the case for the continuation of the Union of 1707 is simply ignored or belittled by those who oppose it.Thus Paul Scott (1992a: 55) has written of those who defend the Union that 'they produce no satisfactory explanation of this position, which is more an act of faith than a reasonable policy'.Again Andrew Marr (1992: 240) states: 'Because I cannot take the central political arguments against Scottish Home Rule seriously, I remain of the view that it will one day come about.'Although the heady days preceding the General Election of 1992, when some thought independence imminent, may now seem somewhat remote, both history and events since the election suggest that the issue of Scottish self-government is unlikely to disappear.In the present work Patrick Hodge has gathered together a team of distinguished writers who provide thoughtful, serious and carefully-researched arguments in defence of the Union, although not necessarily of the status quo.In consequence it should henceforth be impossible to make remarks such as those of Scott and Marr quoted above if the case for Scottish independence is to retain true intellectual integrity.Naturally, and as always, The David Hume Institute takes no collective view on the merits of the arguments here put forward, or of those which may be opposed to them.The Institute has however always prided itself on the fact that it is a Scottish and not a metropolitan organisation, and it is a pleasure to assist in this important contribution to the debate about how Scotland should be governed.

RESUMOHá uma unidade exegética na obra de Hume? Há mesmo uma unidade argumentativa em suas principais obras epistemológicas? A partir de um argumento de Robert Fogelin pensaremos a obra de Hume em uma dialética argumentativa: as vozes de Hume.PALAVRAS CHAVE: Hume, Fogelin, Ceticismo, Naturalismo.

The purpose of philosophy is to achieve happiness. Logic is just like a key leading man towards this joy in philosophy. Logic helps us to reach knowledge on a standart of rationality and coherence by following path of individual to universal and known through unknown. An exact correspondence between thoughts and words occur only with correct principles of reasoning. Therefore, logic plays a great role in philosophy. The scientific method ‘induction’ in new age philosophy was brought to agenda by Bacon but later it was refuted by many philosophers like Hume and Popper. Before Bacon, philosopher was Ibni Sina who developed the as a method of scientific researches. In this paper, Ibn Sina’s view of induction is discussed. I begin with a brief look at Aristotelian induction and its critique. I present Ibn Sina’s view of induction with a support of experimentation (tacruba). I analysed how induction and experimentation would be conditional as opposed to absolute principles of natural sciences. To sum up, Ibn-i Sina developed a method of induction and experimentation as a means for scientific inquiry. He thought that natural scientist could use experimentation to discover “conditional” principles. The study concludes with some brief comments about refutation of induction by some thinkers in history of science and philosophy.

To examine associations between children's perceptions of the neighborhood environment and walking and physical activity. Cross-sectional study of a school-based sample. Elementary schools in Melbourne, Australia. 280 children aged 10 years (response rate 78%). A self-report survey assessed children's perceptions of the neighborhood physical and social environments and their weekly walking frequency. Physical activity was also objectively measured using accelerometers. Multiple linear regression analyses showed a positive association between walking frequency and the number of accessible destinations in the neighborhood among boys; having a neighborhood that was easy to walk/cycle around and perceiving lots of graffiti were positively associated with walking frequency among girls. Perceiving lots of litter and rubbish was positively associated with boys' overall physical activity, but no environmental variables were associated with girls' overall physical activity. Several different environmental factors were associated with walking and physical activity. Perceptions of the neighborhood environment were more strongly associated with girls' walking than with objectively-measured physical activity. Future studies should confirm these findings using objective measures and prospective study designs.

This article considers how directors' remuneration should be set. It does so in both general terms and in the light of the DTI (1999) paper entitled Directors' Remuneration. A Consultative Document. The DTI document forms part of a general review of company law that is being undertaken by the Department of Trade and Industry. This article explores the extent to which these government‐directed developments can be seen as an extension of the Cadbury, Greenbury and Hampel Reports and the extent to which self‐regulation as opposed to government regulation looks set to dominate this area.

The aim of this study was to estimate the agreement between superior vena caval pressure (SVCP) and femoroiliac venous pressure (FIVP) measurements by using short (<20 cm) femoral catheters commonly used in an adult intensive care unit. In addition, the effects of two modes of ventilation on agreement were assessed. Measurements of central venous pressure were recorded from both sites by using the same pressure transducer connected to the catheters via a three-way stopcock. SVCP and FIVP were recorded at 5-min intervals for 40 mins with the patient in the supine position. Recordings were taken from ventilated patients during a randomized crossover sequence of normal and inverse ratio ventilation (IRV). Analyses included Pearson's correlation (r), intraclass correlation (ri), Bland-Altman plots, and repeated measures analysis of variance with crossover tests for period and period-treatment interactions. Adult intensive care unit. Adult intensive care patients. Central venous pressure. Twenty-two patients were enrolled in the study, giving 162 paired measurements; r was .97 (p < .0001), and ri was .96. The bias for SVCP-FIVP measurements was -0.75 mm Hg (95% confidence interval = -1.31 to -0.18), with 95% limits of agreement of -3.30 to 1.81 mm Hg. Seventeen patients were suitable for randomization to normal ratio ventilation and IRV. IRV significantly increased SVCP and FIVP (p < .002). Tests for the effect of mode of ventilation on agreement (p = .36), for period (p = .26), and for period-treatment interaction (p = .84) were not significant. The study showed excellent overall agreement with acceptable clinical agreement for SVCP and FIVP measurements that was not affected by changing the mode of ventilation. IRV significantly increased central venous pressure measurements from both catheter sites but had no effect on overall agreement.