Topos

This white paper lays out a vision of research and development in the field of artificial intelligence for the next decade (and beyond). Its denouement is a cyber-physical ecosystem of natural and synthetic sense-making, in which humans are integral participants—what we call “shared intelligence.” This vision is premised on active inference, a formulation of adaptive behavior that can be read as a physics of intelligence, and which inherits from the physics of self-organization. In this context, we understand intelligence as the capacity to accumulate evidence for a generative model of one’s sensed world—also known as self-evidencing. Formally, this corresponds to maximizing (Bayesian) model evidence, via belief updating over several scales, that is, inference, learning, and model selection. Operationally, this self-evidencing can be realized via (variational) message passing or belief propagation on a factor graph. Crucially, active inference foregrounds an existential imperative of intelligent systems; namely, curiosity or the resolution of uncertainty. This same imperative underwrites belief sharing in ensembles of agents, in which certain aspects (i.e., factors) of each agent’s generative world model provide a common ground or frame of reference. Active inference plays a foundational role in this ecology of belief sharing—leading to a formal account of collective intelligence that rests on shared narratives and goals. We also consider the kinds of communication protocols that must be developed to enable such an ecosystem of intelligences and motivate the development of a shared hyper-spatial modeling language and transaction protocol, as a first—and key—step towards such an ecology.

We present an elementary introduction to a new logic for reasoning about behaviors that occur over time. This logic is based on temporal type theory. The syntax of the logic is similar to the usual first-order logic; what differs is the notion of truth value. Instead of reasoning about whether formulas are true or false, our logic reasons about temporal landscapes. A temporal landscape may be thought of as representing the set of durations over which a statement is true. To help understand the practical implications of this approach, we give a wide variety of examples where this logic is used to reason about autonomous agents.

A Dirichlet polynomial d in one variable is a function of the form for some . We will show how to think of a Dirichlet polynomial as a set-theoretic bundle, and thus as an empirical distribution. We can then consider the Shannon entropy of the corresponding probability distribution, and we define its length (or, classically, its perplexity) by . On the other hand, we will define a rig homomorphism from the rig of Dirichlet polynomials to the so-called rectangle rig, whose underlying set is and whose additive structure involves the weighted geometric mean; we write , and call the two components area and width (respectively). The main result of this paper is the following: the rectangle-area formula holds for any Dirichlet polynomial d. In other words, the entropy of an empirical distribution can be calculated entirely in terms of the homomorphism h applied to its corresponding Dirichlet polynomial. We also show that similar results hold for the cross entropy.

This article aims to generate all theorems of a given size in the implicational fragment of propositional intuitionistic linear logic. It was presented at the 36th International Conference on Logic Programming (ICLP).

We present an elementary introduction to a new logic for reasoning about behaviors that occur over time. This logic is based on temporal type theory. The syntax of the logic is similar to the usual first-order logic; what differs is the notion of truth value. Instead of reasoning about whether formulas are true or false, our logic reasons about temporal landscapes. A temporal landscape may be thought of as representing the set of durations over which a statement is true. To help understand the practical implications of this approach, we give a wide variety of examples where this logic is used to reason about autonomous agents.

This study aimed to identify and reveal the weakness of social control on rural communities, especially what happend to the children and adolescents who addicted to certain glue at the Desa Suka Negeri, Kecamatan Topos Kabupaten Lebong. This research was a qualitative with case study approach. The research data was collected by using involvement observation technique. In this study, researchers only passively involved in his observations. Researcher used in-depth interviews in order to get an idea of the lack of control social on rural communities. Especially what happend to the children and adolescents who addicted to certain glue in the village. The results showed that the deviation was the lack of vacancy control or social control. Every human being tend not to comply with the law or have the urge to have violated the law, it was seen in older people who spend more time in the plantion to meet the needs of their lives and let their children unattended, this condition force the children in that area to be involved in “ngelem” activity. This situation occured when their parents were in the plantion and did it together with other friends. The situation of rural communities that have a strong inner bound among the villagers and have equal responsibility for the safety and happiness, it made the village and a few citizens participate in conducting the social control, one of the way is by reprimanding the children and adolescents who caught “ngelem” activities and infrom it to their parents. But the existence of the village controllers mostly was not accepted by the parents, and they even got the threat from teenagers and children who did“the “ngelem” activity. On the other side, the merchants took part in the lack of the social control over these activities, many traders were not selective on their costumer who bought the aibon glue and some traders also let the children or teenagers to buy the aibon glue to get the profit.