Torque (United States)

A lo largo y ancho de Nicaragua encontramos diferentes expresiones culturales de los pueblos originarios, quienes arduamente luchan por conservar sus bosques, sus tradiciones, formas de organización social, formas de hacer política y de maniobrar sus asuntos económicos y sociales en plena libertad. Pese a ello, los pueblos indígenas del centro norte de Nicaragua se encuentran en un complejo laberinto étnico, al asumir falsos positivos1 en relación a su origen histórico. Es decir, la construcción del discurso y de la identidad étnica en algunos pueblos del centro y norte, gira alrededor un falso positivo cultural denominada “chorotega2”, dicha aseveración tergiversa gran parte de la historia de los pueblos indígenas de las Segovia. En el presente ensayo, abordaré las tramas étnicas y políticas relacionadas a la identidad cultural de los pueblos indígenas del centro norte de Nicaragua, quienes asumen una identidad cultural que no concuerda con la historia, la lingüística y la antropología de la región. Dicho ensayo, tiene el propósito de reivindicar más allá, de las prácticas y tradiciones los asuntos de la auto identificación étnica, en las comunidades originarias de las Segovia. Para ello, retomé elementos de la antropología cultural y de la arqueología nacional, que permita dilucidar los orígenes y los procesos históricos de los pueblos en cuestión. Asimismo, la hipótesis que ubico en la antropología nacional tiene como base, debatir el discurso de los pueblos denominados “chorotega del centro y norte” a través de los registros primarios, los resultados de la arqueología en los últimos 20 años, en la región centro y norte. También, retomaremos losestudios lingüísticos de Alfonso Cónstenla en la región antes mencionada. Partiendo, de una corriente interdisciplinaria de la antropología del sur, que impulsa el reconocimiento de la identidad originaria de los pueblos, desde su origen étnico, historia en común, prácticas cotidianas y estructura sociocultural posmoderna existente en la región.

Continued advances in compression techniques have resulted in higher quality content over ever declining links. Furthermore, the internet services continue to speed up. This critical combination is putting additional pressure on the traditional TV players as consumers have more consumption avenues, added distraction, and increased sources of content (for example, user-generated content). — Some have said the rise of the internet, Cloud-based encoding and playout centers offer tremendous new opportunities for broadcasters to provide better service at lower cost. However, at the same time, surging smart phone penetration and the consequent escalation in mobile data usage is driving mobile operators to seek out more RF spectrum needed to offer LTE and other 4G services. Broadcasters are inadequately equipped and under-funded compared to the wealth of the telecom industry. Therefore, this spectrum competition from mobile operators spells a bleak picture for the traditional cable, satellite, and terrestrial delivery of TV. — So, what does the future look like, and how can you “grab hold of” the cloud? This paper presents a non-vendor, plain language introduction and review of key cloud technologies, presents the political and economic changes now underway, and presents the growth opportunities (or risks of extinction) of the broadcast industry.

Magnetic aspects of segmented core brushless permanent magnet motors have been analyzed in this paper. Due to the segmented stator structure, magnetic flux leakages through the tooth-tips become considerable in such a motor. A leakage parameter alpha is developed here to show the effect of tooth-tip flux leakage that is essential in accurately predicting the air gap flux density in the motor

Real-time knowledge of the slip angle in a vehicle is useful in many active vehicle safety applications, including yaw stability control, rollover prevention and lane departure avoidance. Sensors to measure slip angle, including two antenna GPS systems and optical sensors are too expensive for ordinary automotive applications. This paper develops a realtime algorithm for estimation of slip angle using inexpensive sensors normally available for yaw stability control applications. Compared to previous results on slip angle estimation that have been published in literature, the algorithm utilizes a combination of model-based estimation and kinematics-based estimation and compensates for the presence of variations in tire-road characteristics. The developed algorithm is evaluated through experimental tests on a Volvo XC90 sport utility vehicle. Detailed experimental results show that the developed system can accurately estimate slip angle for a variety of test maneuvers.

Many consider the selection of a dc motor and amplifier for a given application as something of a black art. An attempt is made to unveil some of the mystery and to provide greater insight to the potential user and less experienced engineers into the practical techniques useful in selecting the basic motion control components. Discussed are such things as dc motor characteristics, equations of motion, amplifier characteristics, and the impact on component selection of such devices as lead screws and gear trains. Nomographs are presented which will aid in selection of the motion control components. Finally, a Basic computer program is given which will allow determination of the power requirements and temperature effects for a motor with assumed characteristics. The potential user should gain an awareness of the information needed by the application engineer for motor and amplifier selection. Both users and application engineers should be able to select these components with greater facility.