Tourism College of Zhejiang

ABSTRACT There is a dire need to analyze religious pilgrimage and sacred destination related attributes in an era of social media, specifically from pilgrims' point of view. This study therefore aims to find out Muslim pilgrims' behaviors and experiences during Islamic pilgrimage “Hajj toward Kaaba.” Additionally, what type of photographic content they upload with different/multiple captions on social media site Instagram is also meticulously examined. Ten thousand four hundred posts derived from Instagram were analyzed through using a qualitative thematic and visual content analysis. Multiple themes, categories and nodes which emerged from user‐generated content data using an inductive approach highlight religious norms and practices performed during Hajj. Moreover, how pilgrims engage into tranquility through establishing an emotional connection with Kaaba and how ecological spirituality plays an important role in renewing their lives through Hajj is revealed. DMO's can benefit from this study's outcomes to attract religious tourists, especially Muslims toward their tourist destinations.

While retouched photos on social media have been argued to be at best inauthentic and at worst fake, this study employs a negotiated authenticity lens in combination with aesthetics theory to investigate how social media audiences perceive the authenticity, including antecedents and consequences, of retouched travel photos, using an online survey. Findings show that in the context of retouched travel photos, perceived constructive authenticity, perceived existential authenticity ascribed by social media audiences, and perceived creative authenticity derived from tourists’ rationale for posting are significantly associated with social media audiences’ perceptions of the authenticity of these photos. This positively associates with perceived aesthetics and in turn, predicts impulse travel intention. Notably, this study demonstrates that social media audiences actively and critically engage in the attribution of authenticity. These findings offer valuable theoretical contributions and provide useful practical implications for tourism providers to plan and design tourism products and marketing collateral.

<title>Abstract</title> Objective This study aimed to explore the mechanisms through which social avoidance influences loneliness. Methods Longitudinal data were collected using the Interpersonal Trust Scale, Depression Scale, Loneliness Questionnaire, Social Avoidance Scale, and Core Self-Evaluation Scale to conduct correlational analyses. Results Social avoidance directly predicted loneliness and also indirectly influenced it through dual or triple mediation paths involving interpersonal trust, core self-evaluation, and depression. Conclusion Loneliness is not only directly affected by social behavior but is also closely related to the depletion and imbalance of psychological resources caused by social avoidance— including core self-evaluation, interpersonal trust, and emotional regulation ability. Social avoidance reduces core self-evaluation, weakens interpersonal trust, and increases depressive emotions, forming a self-reinforcing vicious cycle that exacerbates loneliness. We refer to this mechanism as the Social Avoidance–Psychological Resource Imbalance Theory (SAPRI). This finding suggests that psychological practitioners should focus on reducing social avoidance, enhancing self-evaluation, rebuilding interpersonal trust, and regulating negative emotions to effectively alleviate loneliness and promote mental well-being.

IntroductionBased on Bourdieu’s Theory of Practice, this study examines the mechanisms through which family cultural capital influences academic achievement among Chinese college students. While existing research has often fragmented the interplay between capital, habitus, and field, this study integrates these elements into a coherent analytical framework: family cultural capital → habitus → field → academic performance. By addressing gaps in contextualized and integrated analyses, this research explores how familial resources are internalized and transformed within educational settings, with a focus on the unique socio-cultural context of Chinese higher education.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted with 2,929 students from 12 Chinese higher education institutions, selected through stratified and convenience sampling. Data were collected via a five-point Likert-scale questionnaire measuring family cultural capital, individual habitus, school field, and self-reported academic performance. Structural equation modeling (SEM) and bootstrap mediation analysis were employed to test the hypothesized chain mediation model.ResultsThe direct effect of family cultural capital on academic performance was significantly negative (β = –0.226, p < 0.001). However, significant positive indirect effects emerged through the mediating roles of habitus (β = 0.368, 95% CI [0.284, 0.470]) and school field (β = 0.084, 95% CI [0.038, 0.146]). More importantly, the sequential mediating effect of family cultural capital on academic performance, sequentially through habitus and field, is statistically significant (β = 0.087, 95% CI [0.044, 0.140]).DiscussionThe findings indicate that, within the Chinese context, family cultural capital does not directly enhance academic performance. Instead, its benefits are realized indirectly through the development of adaptive habitus and alignment with school field dynamics. This aligns with Bourdieu’s emphasis on field-specific capital valuation and highlights the importance of contextual factors, such as Confucian-influenced parental expectations and institutional environments. The study underscores the need for educational policies that foster habitus development and field integration to mitigate inequities.

ABSTRACT This study aims to understand the profound cause and mechanism of tourism motivation by examining employees' work experiences using a mixed‐methods design. Building on alienation accounts, the quantitative study illustrates and the qualitative study explicates that the interaction between work overload and alienating features of work, such as autonomy deprivation, work atomization, and employee substitutability, results in occupational stress. Then, employees consciously alienate themselves from work to protect themselves from occupational stress, gain a sense of autonomy, and perform boundary management. Cumulative alienation from work results in alienation from self through four approaches: identity disruption, impaired social functioning, loss of purpose and meaning, and diminished self‐perception and self‐worth. Finally, employees develop a strong tourism motivation to mitigate anxiety caused by alienation because they believe tourism provides them with thorough detachment, deep reflection, and absolute autonomy that nourish authentic happiness. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

Toponyms are fundamental geographical resources characterized by their spatial attributes, distinct from general nouns. While natural language provides rich toponymic data beyond traditional surveying methods, its qualitative ambiguity and inherent uncertainty challenge systematic extraction. Traditional toponym recognition methods based on part-of-speech tagging only focus on the surface-level features of words, failing to effectively handle complex scenarios such as alias nesting, metonymy ambiguity, and mixed punctuation. This leads to the loss of toponym semantic integrity and deviations in geographic entity recognition. This study proposes a set of Chinese toponym annotation specifications that integrate spatial semantics. By leveraging the XML markup language, it deeply combines the spatial location characteristics of toponyms with linguistic features, and designs fine-grained annotation rules to address the limitations of traditional methods in semantic integrity and geographic entity recognition. On this basis, by integrating multi-source corpora from the Encyclopedia of China: Chinese Geography and People’s Daily, a large-scale Chinese toponym annotation corpus (CHTopo) covering five major categories of toponyms has been constructed. The performance of this annotated corpus was evaluated through toponym recognition, exploring the construction methods of a large-scale, diversified, and high-coverage Chinese toponym annotated corpus from the perspectives of applicability and practicality. CHTopo is conducive to providing foundational support for geographic information extraction, spatial knowledge graphs, and geoparsing research, bridging linguistic and geospatial intelligence.

Research on peach gum polysaccharides (PGP) has recently surged; nevertheless, its utilization remains circumscribed by its elevated molecular weight. This investigation employed xylanase to depolymerize PGP, assessing the antioxidant potential and invitro digestibility of the resultant emulsion. The analysis disclosed that the average molecular weight of the enzyme-extracted PGP (EPGP) stood at 1.3 × 106 Da. Characteristic absorption bands of EPGP were pinpointed through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The monosaccharide composition of EPGP encompassed L-rhamnose, D-galactose, D-mannose, D-xylose, and L-arabinose, with molar ratios of 0.4:0.7:6.6:30.8:61.5, correspondingly. Furthermore, EPGP exhibited superior antioxidant capabilities in contrast to water-extracted PGP, elevating emulsification efficiency and free fatty acid liberation rates when juxtaposed with gelatin and Arabic gum. This exploration lays a foundational framework for the potential incorporation of PGP in food emulsions and pharmaceutical formulations.

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the design and implementation of the upgrade of encryption technology of the Grand Canal digital document system based on blockchain technology. Based on the core technologies of blockchain's distributed ledger, smart contract and encryption algorithm, this study proposes a novel upgrade scheme for the Grand Canal digital document system. The scheme realizes the non-tampering and full traceability of document data by constructing a decentralized document storage architecture, and optimizes the document management process by using smart contract technology and asymmetric encryption algorithm to ensure the security of document transmission and storage. As a modern technology with strong confidentiality and security, blockchain is extremely important for data protection, and is of great practical significance for promoting the digital inheritance and innovative development of the cultural heritage of the Grand Canal.