Transfaction (United Kingdom)

BackgroundThe moral panic surrounding trans, non-binary, and gender diverse (TGD) lives in the United Kingdom (UK) has been incited by high-level political and government actors and exacerbated by pervasive misinformation in social and press media. This hostile environment contributes to increasing interpersonal violence and social exclusion experienced by TGD people. Structural and interpersonal discrimination—conceptualised as minority stress—is understood to elicit physiological and psychological stress responses that predispose TGD individuals to a range of adverse health outcomes, including cardiovascular disease, and risk behaviours such as alcohol use.Main bodyHealth disparities among TGD people in the UK are driven by a combination of minority stress, barriers to general healthcare, and disadvantage across multiple social determinants of health. Limited access to gender-affirming healthcare compounds these disparities, contributing to stark differences in morbidity and mortality relative to cisgender populations. Preventive healthcare engagement is also disproportionately low among TGD individuals, further exacerbating long-term health risks. The intersection of social exclusion, policy-driven discrimination, and systemic healthcare inequities places TGD people at significant and potentially increasing risk of poor health outcomes.ConclusionsThe health disparities faced by TGD people in the UK constitute a real-time public health crisis that demands urgent and sustained intervention. TGD people must be central to shaping the strategic direction of a coordinated and adequately resourced response to these harms.

‘Repository. 49 Methods and Assignments for Writing Urban Places’ offers a set of methods and assignments intended to stimulate new approaches in architecture, urban studies, and other fields of spatial development and to invite creative, often embodied, and sometimes playful engagements with the material and immaterial dimensions of urban places. This Repository collects 49 methods, defined here as systematic procedures, techniques and ways of acting, to explore, examine and discover urban places. Each method is described in a brief text and followed by a direct short assignment. Presented as a clear set of instructions, the assignment encourages and guides the reader to fully or partially explore and employ the method.

ABSTRACT Introduction In the last 15 years, huge efforts against Alzheimer’s disease (AD) with drugs targeting β-amyloid (Aβ) and tau have produced poor clinical results. Aducanumab, a recently FDA-approved anti-Aβ monoclonal antibody has been greeted with distrust by most experts, hospitals and insurance companies for its level of efficacy and poor tolerability. Area covered We reviewed literature on tau biology and anti-tau drugs using PubMed, meeting abstracts and ClnicalTrials.gov and discuss what we can learn from past failures of investigational drugs for Alzheimer’s disease, especially anti-Aβ and anti-tau drugs. Expert opinion It is our opinion that previous failures of anti-AD drugs suggest that soluble Aβ and tau are not appropriate drug targets. In addition, pivotal clinical trials of future clinical candidates should avoid major protocol amendments and futility analyses. Study protocols should adopt better measures to protect study blinding and minimise the potential introduction of major biases in the evaluation of the clinical results. Finally, alternative biological targets should be pursued as well as more multimodal approaches to addressing neurodegeneration in AD.

Global change poses unprecedented threats to society through impacts on both the natural environment and engineered infrastructure. Specifically, growing global population requires urban and infrastructure development at the same time as global warming demands massive investment in measures for both adaptation to future climate and mitigation through reduced emissions. The water sector is at the heart of this 21st century challenge, and the need of the hour is to have a major revision of our approaches and implementation of technology for the management of water resources, flood risk and pollution. As mentioned recently by the Water Supply and Sanitation Technology Platform (2005) – WSSTP representing all the European water sector actors, “water supply, storm-water drainage, wastewater collection and treatment, as well as quality and quantity management of natural water resources need to be efficiently secured or, where necessary, improved. Only through a paradigm shift from fragmented towards integrated urban water management economic development, social balance and ecological integrity can be secured. [...] During the last three decades the European water industry has built up a great competitive strength based on innovative supply and sanitation concepts, technology, knowledge and skills; availability of financial resources; wide experience in many industrial sectors; close cooperation with European RD expanding markets in the European Union and outside; European Union policy on sustainability, environment and energy; a broad spectrum of efficient governmental structures, tailored to specific local needs. The three largest companies providing water supply and sanitation services in the world are European. In addition, a large number of European Small & Medium Enterprise’s (SME’s) export their expertise and equipment across the world. Several European firms and institutes have prominent positions in the open market for major water and sanitation studies and implementations. The European water sector is a major economic player 1% of GDP with a turnover in the European Union of about 80 billion Euro and an average growth rate of 5% per year, compared to 2.5% per year average growth rate for the European Union economy.” The diagnostic provided by the profession at the European level and with the support of the WSSTP mentions that sustainable approaches for the development of water projects are needed to deliver social, economic and environmental benefits. These demands are pressing issues in the new European Member States, and in developed and developing countries outside Europe. Technologies need to be properly integrated with social, economic and

This paper discusses the application of probability methods to the determination of daily operating reserve objectives for the Pennsylvania-New Jersey-Maryland Interconnection (PJM). The paper summarizes PJM reserve policy and the developments leading to the present operating reserve and generation risk analysis program. Descriptions are offered of the generation and load models, the data reduction techniques, and the statistical analysis procedures for the generator outage data. The paper also contains typical comparative results obtained from applications of the program.