Tre Altamira (Spain)

Este artigo investiga o processo de construção de novas territorialidades e as relações de pertencimento entre os sujeitos atingidos pela implantação da Usina Hidrelétrica de Belo Monte, focando especificamente no Reassentamento Urbano Coletivo (RUC) São Joaquim, localizado em Altamira, Pará. O estudo explora a problemática da transformação territorial provocada pela construção da usina, que desencadeou um processo de desterritorialização e subsequente reterritorialização entre os moradores deslocados. O principal objetivo é desvendar como esses moradores, agora realocados no RUC, desenvolvem novas formas de pertencimento e territorialidade, que reconstroem suas vidas em um contexto radicalmente alterado. Utilizando uma abordagem metodológica qualitativa, a pesquisa se apoia em trabalho de campo, entrevistas, dados secundários e fotografias no sentido de entender as vivências e percepções dos residentes do RUC. Os achados do estudo destacam a emergência de novos territórios e práticas espaciais dentro do RUC São Joaquim, ressaltando a existência de uma multiterritorialidade e a interação dinâmica com diversos grupos sociais. A desterritorialização enfrentada pelos moradores teve profundos impactos em suas relações sociais e identidade territorial, ocasionando uma profunda reconfiguração do espaço urbano e da dinâmica comunitária. Enfrentando diversos desafios, os moradores trabalham na reconstrução de relações de vizinhança e na reafirmação de sua territorialidade, num esforço para adaptar-se e encontrar sentido no novo ambiente urbano que agora habitam.

The paper presents a case study on the response of an existing framed building founded on a deep basement to the construction of a 12 m diameter tunnel passing below it, in the city of Barcelona. Ground conditions on site involved a diverse range of soil materials, from very soft deposits to hard rock layers. The water table is located at a depth of about 10 m. The tunnel cover varies approximately from 30 to 36 m. Ground and building movements during tunnel construction were monitored. In the paper, the movements measured with conventional optical surveys are compared to those measured by multitemporal-InSAR analyses of satellite images. Hence, benefits and limitations of the latter technique in such complex Soil Structure Interaction (SSI) problem are discussed.

Abstract Tajikistan is an area characterized by several lakes created after rockfalls and moraine deposits collapsed due to its geographic position on the collisional area of the Euro-Asian and Indian tectonic plates. In 1911, a violent earthquake generated the Usoi dam, which led to the creation of Lake Sarez. The purpose of the article is to provide an overview of the ground deformation of the two landslides that affect and threaten the area of Lake Sarez exploiting the combination of two different techniques, the interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) method with the SqueeSAR approach and optical image analysis through the use of COSI-Corr software. The combination of these two techniques turned out to be useful and provide more information because InSAR method balances lack the optical analysis and vice versa giving the possibility to obtain a complete overview of the displacement of the area. Moreover, InSAR data have been used to reconstruct the geometry and depth of the sliding surface of a potential landslide that could affect the lake, generating a wave that could overtop the dam and affect the villages downstream.

Summary Natural gas is predicted to play an integral part in the energy transition. Its role in facilitating a progressive shift from fossil fuels to renewable energy is highlighted by its lower carbon emissions when compared to other fossil fuels. However, challenges persist given the uneven global distribution of natural gas and significant seasonal consumption fluctuations. In this context, Underground Gas Storage (UGS) offers a robust solution for establishing national strategic reserves, ensuring a stable and reliable supply of natural gas. Nonetheless, the cyclical nature of withdrawals and injections creates alterations in the effective stress regime of reservoirs, resulting in observable surface deformation. This necessitates the formulation of operational protocols for environmental monitoring, risk mitigation, and reservoir optimisation. Interferometric Satellite Aperture Radar (InSAR) data emerges as an invaluable tool, offering site-specific insights with millimetric precision, overcoming the spatial limitations of insitu instruments. This study emphasises the extensive potential of InSAR data, contributing to the development of general guidelines for UGS monitoring projects in salt caverns. It not only enables the storage facility operators to understand the deformation phenomena, but also contributes to enhanced withdrawal and injection rates. Consequently, it promotes a safer and more efficient operational framework.

Early sex determination methods are not only crucial in the worldwide massive poultry industry, but also for small-holder producers. The profitability of sexing techniques must be accounted for when aiming to boost management, nutrition, and conservation practices in endangered poultry breeds. This becomes pivotal when the local breed dealt with belongs to an understudied species, such as the turkey. So, the main objective of this study is to identify which method combination may report a higher likelihood of successful sex determination in poults across the three-pattern varieties of the Andalusian turkey breed. A total of 84 one to two days old Andalusian turkey poults (42 black, 28 black-roan, and 14 bronze-roan) were evaluated in this study. Sex determination was performed using 15 methods, which included testing external egg metrics and eggshell color, poult morphological appraisal and phaneroptics, and behavioral traits. Possible differences across plumage varieties and the interaction between sex and plumage were observed when external egg quality was measured. Sex determination through behavioral methods in black base feathered (black and black-roan) male sex individuals showed seven times higher sensitivity when compared to the rest of the studied individuals (χ2 = 7.14, df = 1, P < 0.01). In contrast, for the black-roan plumage females, the method based on the color of down feathers was approximately four times more sensitive (χ2 = 3.95, df = 1, P ≤ 0.05). For the bronze-roan pattern, none of the sexing techniques was reported to efficiently predict sex itself. However, the most proper method combination to determine sex, independent of plumage color, was physical external egg characteristics, the color of down feathers, and behavioral approaches (“English method” and “slap technique”). The specificity values were found to be 49.12, 93.33, and 100%, while the sensitivity values were observed to be 74.64, 91.03, and 100%, which translated into accuracy of 63.10, 92.26, and 100% in black, black-roan, and bronze-roan poults, respectively. Our results suggest that the method combination tested in this study could be considered a highly accurate, simple, and affordable alternative for sex determination in turkeys. This could mean a pivotal advance for small producers of turkeys, as early sex detection can help to plan timely conservational management strategies, which is of prominent importance in the context of endangered poultry breeds.

O Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC) é uma síndrome neurológica de caráter urgente e que gera incapacitações e lesões graves além de um grande número de casos de morte em todo o mundo. O objetivo desse estudo foi relatar a experiência adquirida pelos alunos na organização e participação de um projeto de pesquisa, e o impacto observado na população da cidade de Altamira a respeito do conhecimento sobre o tema AVC. O projeto consistiu no desenvolvimento de ações na forma de palestras de educação em saúde em quatro locais da cidade de Altamira, com a temática AVC. A ação foi realizada em outubro de 2019, durante os finais de semana pela Liga Acadêmica de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia do Sudoeste do Pará – LANNESP. Os resultados evidenciaram a carência das campanhas de informação do Ministério da Saúde sobre o AVC, devido à alta quantidade de questionamentos e incertezas encontrados por parte da população em cada um dos locais visitados. Constatou-se também a relação do baixo nível escolar com o menor número de informações sobre a patologia, fator este, que contribui como agravante da incidência do AVC. Concluiu-se que o projeto foi bastante eficaz ao levar informações úteis capazes de diminuir a grande incidência de AVC em Altamira. Esta ação foi realizada como forma de contemplar e suprir informações importantes promovendo a saúde e contribuindo para prevenção do AVC e seus agravos.

Slope failures occur in open-pit mining areas worldwide producing considerable damage and economic losses. Identifying the triggering factors and detecting unstable slopes and precursory displacements, which can be achieved by exploiting remote sensing data, is critical to reduce their impact. Here we present a methodology that combines digital photogrammetry, satellite radar interferometry and geo-mechanical modeling, to perform remote analyses of slope instabilities in open-pit mining areas. We illustrate this approach by evaluating through back-analysis a massive landslide occurred in an active open-pit mine in southwest Spain in January 2019. Based on preand post-event high-resolution digital elevation models derived from digital photogrammetry, we estimate an entire sliding mass volume of around 14 million m 3 . Radar interferometry reveals that the line of sight accumulated displacement in the slope during the year preceding the landslide reached -5.7 and 4.6 cm in ascending and descending geometry respectively, showing two acceleration events clearly correlated with rainfall in descending geometry. Through 3D and 2D stability analyses, we confirm the location of the slope instability and explain the progressive failure mechanism. A delayed collapse was triggered by rainfall events that progressively reduced suction on the sliding materials, which was also favored by their strainsoftening behavior. Finally, we discuss the potential of this methodological approach either to remotely perform post-event analyses of mining-related landslides and evaluate potential triggering factors, or to remotely identify critical slopes in mining areas and provide pre-alert warning.

El concepto de función es uno de los referentes más importantes de las matemáticas, por ser una herramienta fundamental en la modelación de fenómenos de variación y cambio.La evolución histórica del concepto de función propone un trabajo en el cual la idea de variable dependiente sería la base del concepto de función. Afirma también que para comenzar la enseñanza de este concepto es muy importante conservar la noción de dependencia entre cantidades, la cual a su vez requiere de la idea de variación. De este modo, dicha dependencia permitirá a los estudiantes acceder a un primer concepto de función, estrechamente ligado a fenómenos reales conocidos.El diseño de situaciones de aprendizaje donde el protagonista es el alumno, permite trabajar con conocimientos previos, tanto en las posibles estrategias de solución de la situación problema, como en la organización y sistematización de toda la información que los alumnos pueden recabar al presentarse a dicha situación, por lo que considero de gran importancia el empleo de la metodología ACODESA (Aprendizaje en Colaboración, Debate Científico y Auto-Reflexión) la cual plantea cinco etapas en las cuales los alumnos juegan un papel protagónico en la construcción de sus propios aprendizajes.La construcción del concepto de función lineal y cuadrática se construye a través de la realización de situaciones didácticas en este caso la actividad se titula construyendo corrales la cual se desarrolla en dos momentos.

This study analyses the occupational situation of women in the immigrant population.A sample of 103 immigrants was surveyed.A 31-item questionnaire developed by the author was used.The results: it is interesting to note the high percentage of persons of working age and who have an education.The most common motives behind the decision to emigrate are the better job prospects and more positive economic situation of the host country.The service sector is where the highest percentage of immigrants work and it is the only sector in the case of women.Conclusions: female immigrants are just as present as male immigrants in the work world.The efforts made by women to emigrate and their presence in the work world of the host country are evident, although it is also true that women's greater presence in the underground economy leads to invisibilization.

Land subsidence is a common natural hazard striking extensive areas worldwide, with severe impacts on economy and environment. Subsidence has been recognized as one of geohazards needing research efforts and knowledge transfer at international level, especially when urban fabrics and infrastructures are directly involved in the land settling. Policies and solutions for land subsidence management can be different. Despite this variability, where mitigation methods need to be adopted, mapping, monitoring and simulation of subsidence have to precede their design and implementation. In this framework, Earth Observation (EO) and remote sensing have a major role to play. Satellite Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry, thanks to its wide spatial coverage and its millimeter accuracy, provides a valuable contribution in the management of hazard posed by subsidence-related deformation. The ESA-GMES Terrafirma project (2003–2014) has worked for the promotion of the persistent scatterer interferometry, a family of techniques ideally suited for the assessment of magnitude of surface deformations associated with subsidence phenomena. Within the Terrafirma Project a series of products, based on the integration of EO technologies and in situ data, has been established and delivered to a wide community of end user. Three case studies, outcomes of the Terrafirma project, are presented: the wide area of Rome (Italy), the Anthemountas basin and the Kalochori village (Greece). These case studies have been selected with the purpose of showing the essential contribution of interferometric data during the main activities that must be covered when dealing with geohazard investigations (i.e., mapping, monitoring and modeling). These three case studies are meant to be representative of the suite of services delivered by the Terrafirma project to specific end users with the legal mandated to manage the geohazard.