Trevos (Czechia)

Marketed as a safer cigarette and an aid to smoking cessation, nicotine vapes, or e-cigarettes, became popular in the early 2000s.The branding as a safer tobacco product, however, brought in a new generation of users, namely school-aged students and adolescents.This review article tracks a decade of United States (US) data on school-age student vaping and its trends, collating and critiquing publications of social triggers (determinants) of teenage vaping.Noting the impact of non-medical factors like race, socioeconomic status, mental health, and built environment on adolescent vaping rates, this article paves the way for these social determinants of e-cigarette use to be topics for deeper epidemiological analyses.Furthermore, the article calls on pediatricians across the US to be cognizant of the underlying influences that promote e-cigarette use in minors.This way, when vigilant pediatricians come across such youth in their practice for any medical reason, they can identify these "at-risk" teens and effect change.

e22070Background: Multi-agent chemotherapy including bleomycin has been the standard of care for initial treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) for over 30 years. The incidence of pulmonary events asso...

The solubilities of methane were measured in water and aqueous solutions of triethylenediamine (TED), triethylenediamine hydrochloride (TED·HCl), and HCl at several concentrations up to 1M at 5° intervals from 5 to 25°C. Methane solubilities in solutions of TED·HCl and HCl are lower than those in water and decrease with increasing cosolute concentration. In contrast, the solubilities in TED solutions are greater than those in water and increase with increasing TED concentration. The order of methane solubilities at 25°C in water and in 0.5M aqueous solutions is TED>H2O>HCl>TED·HCl with Ostwald coefficients of 3.57×10−2, 3.44×10−2, 3.26×10−2, and 3.19×10−2, respectively, and with an experimental precision of about ±0.2×10−3. Thermodynamic functions for the transfer of methane from water to 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75M aqueous solutions have been calculated on the molar concentration scale. The free energies of transfer are compared with previous results for methane in aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium halides.

Chelating agents, such as ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid (EDTA) and nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) have become important tools in boiler feedwater treatment and chemical cleaning processes. In these applications, the chelants are used to solubilize metal ions (Mg2+, Ca2+, etc.) which might otherwise form insoluble deposits.1-6 Much less attention, however, has been directed towards the use of metal chelants as aqueous corrosion inhibitors.7