Trimek (Spain)

Anemia atau sering disebut dengan istilah kurang darah adalah kondisi dengan jumlah sel darah merah berkurang sehingga mengakibatkan oxygen-carrying capacity tidak mencukupi untuk memenuhi kebutuhan fisiologis tubuh. Anemia lebih sering dijumpai pada ibu hamil, hal ini dikarenakan dalam kehamilan keperluan akan zat-zat makanan bertambah dan terjadi perubahan-perubahan dalam darah dan sumsum tulang. Anemia pada ibu hamil adalah suatu keadaan dimana kadar hemoglobin di bawah 11 gr% pada trimester pertama dan ketiga, dan di bawah 10,5 gr% di trimester kedua. Salah satu cara untuk membantu menangani masalah anemia selain dengan pemberian tablet penambah darah adalah dengan dengan mengkonsumsi makanan dengan kandungan zat besi dan mengubah kebiasaan pola makan dengan mengkonsumsi makanan seperti buah dan sayuran. Tujuan pengabdian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu-ibu hamil agar dapat memberdayakan diri dalam mencegah terjadinya anemia. Metode pengabdian ini adalah edukasi tentang pencegahan anemia pada ibu hamil dengan pemanfaatan buah dan sayur. Hasil dari kegiatan ini bahwa mayoritas peserta aktif dalam kegiatan serta dapat menjelaskan kembali cara pencegahan anemia pada ibu hamil dengan pemanfaatan buah dan sayur. Peserta kegiatan 90% mengalami peningkatan pengetahuan dalam upaya pencegahan anemia pada ibu hamil dengan pemnafaatan buah dan sayur.

to assess the evolution of adherence to Mediterranean diet and level of physical activity of university students of Health Sciences in Castilla-La Mancha during the COVID-19 lockdown and one year afterwards. a cross-sectional observational study using questionnaires on adherence to the Mediterranean diet and level of physical activity. A total of 893 students enrolled in Health Sciences degrees at the University of Castilla la Mancha participated, 575 in the first survey (during the lockdown) and 318 in the second (one year later). By sex, 672 women and 221 men (in the first survey 77.7 % were women and 22.3 % men while in the second survey these were 70.8 % and 29.2 %, respectively). Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was assessed with the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) questionnaire and the modified Prevention with Mediterranean Diet (PREDIMED) questionnaire. The level of physical activity was assessed with the Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity Scale (RAPA). one year after the COVID-19 confinement, consumption of olive oil has almost tripled. Daily fruit consumption has also doubled. Similarly, the consumption of wine and alcoholic beverages has doubled. Conversely, there was a reduction in the consumption of butter and margarine, as well as of carbonated drinks and sweetened beverages. Likewise, the percentage of university students with high adherence to the Mediterranean diet increased significantly (from 26 % to 34.3 %). Regarding physical activity level, there was a significant increase in the percentage of university students who engaged in light, moderate and even intense physical activity on an irregular basis. This increase was not found in the case of muscular strength and flexibility training activities. the results of the study indicate that, although the levels of adherence to the Mediterranean diet and physical activity have improved after the COVID-19 confinement, adherence to Mediterranean diet and physical activity level among the university population analyzed is still low. It is necessary to implement strategies for the achievement or maintenance of a healthy lifestyle in this population.

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O presente estudo avaliou o efeito da relação energia:proteína da dieta no desempenho de juvenis do apaiari, Astronotus ocellatus. Trinta e dois juvenis (4,99 ± 0,63 g; 2,64 ± 0,74 cm) foram alojados em 32 tanques rede de polietileno com sistema de filtragem mecânica e biológica, aeração constante e fotoperíodo de 12:12 horas. Os tratamentos consistiram em quatro dietas isoenergéticas (3.850 kcal kg-1), com níveis crescentes (38%, 43%, 48% e 53%) de proteína bruta (PB), obtendo-se, dessa forma, relações energia: proteína de 7 (T-1), 8 (T-2), 9 (T-3) e 10 (T-4) kcal g-1 de energia digestível (ED). As dietas foram administradas diariamente, até a saciedade aparente, as 10 e 16 horas, durante 75 dias, em delineamento experimental inteiramente ao acaso (DIC). Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância e teste de Tukey ao nível de 5% de probabilidade. Ao fim do experimento, o tratamento dois apresentou o melhor valor para o ganho de peso acumulado (10,92 ± 0,3 g), diferindo significativamente dos demais (P<0,05). A média geral entre os tratamentos para conversão alimentar aparente (1,8), taxa de crescimento específico (1,93%), eficiência protéica (1,82%) e sobrevivência (100%), não diferiram significativamente entre os tratamentos (P>0,05). Pode-se sugerir, com base nos resultados obtidos, que a relação de 8 kcal g-1 de PB atende as exigências nutricionais de juvenis do A. ocellatus, proporcionado melhor desempenho zootécnico.