Trinity School for Ministry

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During jazz improvisation, performers employ short recurrent musical motifs called licks. Past research has focused on the pitch, intervallic, and rhythmic characteristics of licks, but less attention has been paid to whether they tend to start in the same place within the measure ( metrical dependence). Licks might be metrically dependent, and where a given lick starts in a measure ( metrical position) may thus be part of the performer’s mental representation of that lick. Here we report the use of a corpus study to investigate whether licks are metrically dependent. We analyzed a subset of solos, all those in 4/4 time ( n = 435), from the Weimar Jazz Database (WJD; Pfleiderer et al., 2017). Using a sliding window technique, we identified melodic sequences ( interval n-grams) between 3 and 10 intervals in length. We counted the number of times each interval n-gram occurred, and noted the metrical position of the initial note of each occurrence, using different levels of quantization (8th and 16th note). We compared the entropy of the distribution of metrical positions for each n-gram—with lower values indicating a stronger metrical dependence—against simulated counterparts that assumed no relationship between an n-gram and its metrical position (no metrical dependence). Overall, we found that shorter n-grams were metrically dependent, with varying results for longer n-grams. We suggest two possible explanations: either mental representations of licks may encode their metrical features or the metrical position may make certain licks more accessible to the performer. On the basis of our findings we discuss future studies that could employ our methods.

This chapter describes three dioceses and one parish that are extra-provincial and come under the primatial authority of the Archbishop of Canterbury. The three dioceses are the Spanish Reformed Episcopal Church (Iglesia Espanola Reformada Episcopal), the Lusitanian Catholic Apostolic Evangelical Church of Portugal (Igreja Lusitana Catolica Apostolica Evangelica), and the Diocese of Bermuda. The Falkland Islands are considered a parish and receive Episcopal attention from a bishop commissary appointed by the Archbishop of Canterbury.

Developing Writing Skills in Spanish provides intermediate and advanced level students with the necessary skills to become competent and confident writers in the Spanish language. With a focus on writing as a craft, Developing Writing Skills in Spanish offers a rich selection of original materials including narrative texts, expository essays, opinion pieces and newspaper articles. Each chapter covers a specific kind of writing and is designed to help tackle the material in small units. The book aids students in crafting clear, coherent and cohesive manuscripts by means of guided practice and step-by-step activities. Key features: Guidance on how to structure a variety of texts: narrative, descriptive, expository, argumentative, academic, journalistic, legal and scientific. Sequenced exercises on style, writing conventions, word choice, syntax and grammar. Reference lists and tables with specialized vocabulary, transition words and other useful expressions. Strategies and tips for planning manuscripts, brainstorming ideas, vocabulary enrichment, editing and proofreading. Includes original samples, as well as fragments from newspapers, well-known literary works and essays by notable Hispanic authors and journalists. Website with additional activities to reinforce the content of each chapter and a teacher's guide with valuable support materials at: www.developingwritingskills.com Designed as a classroom text, self-study material or simply as a resource on writing, Developing Writing Skills in Spanish is the ideal supplement for all intermediate to advanced students of Spanish.

Every story is a present to whoever hears it, but the best thing about a good tale is that it needs no curricula, no pictures and no set boundaries to incorporate all learning, knowledge and experiences.

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Journal Article Amusing the Million: Coney Island at the Turn of the Century. By John F. Kasson. (New York: Hill & Wang, 1978. 119 pp. Illustrations and notes. Cloth, $12.50; paper, $5.95.) Get access Robin D. Lester Robin D. Lester Trinity School Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of American History, Volume 66, Issue 2, September 1979, Pages 439–440, https://doi.org/10.2307/1900971 Published: 01 September 1979

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation By George P. Loschiavo; Experiences in Conditioning Corrosive Army Water Supplies in New England. CORROSION 1 January 1948; 4 (1): 1–14. doi: https://doi.org/10.5006/0010-9312-4.1.1 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest Search