Turkmen State Institute of Culture

In historical cities, the cultural layer takes an important place in providing research in humanities with new sources of a wide spectrum. The purpose of this article is to introduce the results of excavations in 2006 during the construction of a shopping and entertainment mall on Lenin Street with an area of 58 m2, located on the slope of a ravine near the building of the museum of local lore, that is, on the periphery of the borders of historical Tyumen. Large area of the excavation was crosscut by late housing development, which casted doubts on the pos-sibility of discovery of undisturbed objects at the site. As a result of carried out research, the remains of four buildings located along the edge of the ravine were examined. Within the layer, tools informative on activities of inhabitants of the buildings were discovered. Pottery and clothing finds from intact layers date back to the 17th century. Despite the small area of the examined cultural layer, valuable information has been obtained about the beginning of living of citizens, their adaptation to new conditions and remarkable survival. Residents of the city used, for economic pur-poses, objects made of bone, birch bark, broken glass, fragments of which show traces of secondary use as a strickle, scraper, and polisher. Also found were objects documenting their cultural contacts with the local population (arrowhead, bead). The effectiveness of the study shows that the practice of analysis of the cultural layer is neces-sary for all construction works in the historical areas of the city. In Tyumen, the system of “spot” excavations is the only way to avoid losing valuable sources related to the research of the early history of the city.

O’zbekiston xalqining noyob farzandi bo’lmish Muhammad Yusuf xalqimiz suygan shoir hisoblanadi. Muhammad Yusuf turli janrlarda barakatli ijod qildi. Muhammad Yusuf ijodi o’zbek adabiyotining eng katta va qimmatli yutuqlaridan biri hisoblanadi.

Establishment of the WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI) has resulted in a surveillance system which provides regular, reliable, timely, and accurate data on children's weight status-through standardized measurement of bodyweight and height-in the WHO European Region. Additional data on dietary intake, physical activity, sedentary behavior, family background, and school environments are collected in several countries. In total, 45 countries in the European Region have participated in COSI. The first five data collection rounds, between 2007 and 2021, yielded measured anthropometric data on over 1.3 million children. In COSI, data are collected according to a common protocol, using standardized instruments and procedures. The systematic collection and analysis of these data enables intercountry comparisons and reveals differences in the prevalence of childhood thinness, overweight, normal weight, and obesity between and within populations. Furthermore, it facilitates investigation of the relationship between overweight, obesity, and potential risk or protective factors and improves the understanding of the development of overweight and obesity in European primary-school children in order to support appropriate and effective policy responses.

Physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep are important predictors of children's health. This paper aimed to investigate socioeconomic disparities in physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep across the WHO European region. This cross-sectional study used data on 124,700 children aged 6 to 9years from 24 countries participating in the WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative between 2015 and 2017. Socioeconomic status (SES) was measured through parental education, parental employment status, and family perceived wealth. Overall, results showed different patterns in socioeconomic disparities in children's movement behaviors across countries. In general, high SES children were more likely to use motorized transportation. Low SES children were less likely to participate in sports clubs and more likely to have more than 2h/day of screen time. Children with low parental education had a 2.24 [95% CI 1.94-2.58] times higher risk of practising sports for less than 2h/week. In the pooled analysis, SES was not significantly related to active play. The relationship between SES and sleep varied by the SES indicator used. Importantly, results showed that low SES is not always associated with a higher prevalence of "less healthy" behaviors. There is a great diversity in SES patterns across countries which supports the need for country-specific, targeted public health interventions.

The paper presents Dizzy Gillespie’s creative portrait through the lens of the leading tendencies of jazz development in the crucial period of the 1940-1950s. The musician’s style is analysed taking into account tonal-phonic, rhythmic, pitch and structural-compositional components. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that Gillespie’s style is considered against the background of general tendencies of jazz development in the period of formation of the earliest jazz style - be-bop. The conducted research allows concluding that Dizzy Gillespie contributed significantly to the evolution of jazz - from light music, an attribute of mass culture, to elitist, artified jazz.

This article is devoted to the benefits and limitations of joint wills of spouses as a new institution in the Inheritance Law of Russia. According to new rules effective since June 1, 2019 married couples can state their preferences about how their estates should be handled after their deaths. Joint wills and testaments legalize de facto existing relations between married couples who prefer to distribute their marital property between heirs. At the same time the essence of the joint will has very separate specificity which is not regulated in proper way by current legislation. The purpose of the paper is to identify problems and peculiarities, analysis and develop proposals for further improvement of legal norms in this field of research.

Ce rapport preliminaire fait etat des resultats de fouilles effectuees en Iran au cours de la huitieme saison (1998) dans le cadre du projet international MERV. Ceux-ci sont presentes dans un ordre chronologique et repartis en trois parties : la premiere est consacree aux fouilles realisees a Gyaur Kala, la seconde aux recherches a Sultan Kala et la troisieme traite des monuments de Merv (programme, calendrier des publications, conservation). Les fouilles effectuees a Gyaur Kala ont revele un quartier residentiel et des rues de l'epoque sassanide moyenne, des fours a ceramiques de la periode islamique ancienne et des fortifications sassanides et seleucides. A Sultan Kala, un palais Seljuk tardif au sein de la citadelle a ete mis au jour ainsi que du mobilier et une prospection a debute au nord de la cite fortifiee.