Ulyanovsk State University

A detailed study of promising flexible field emitters based on a nanocomposite polyvinyl alcohol with multiwalled carbon nanotubes was conducted. The properties of the emitter were measured in three configurations: a flat surface, a vertical edge, and a loop. Sample characterization in field emission projectors was accompanied by scanning electron, atomic-force, and Kelvin probe force microscopies as well as Raman spectroscopy. The current load distribution over the surface of the emitters is investigated and current-voltage characteristics are obtained at different levels of cathode high voltage training, including an assessment of temporal current stability as well as the “orthodox” test for compliance field emission data with the classical cold field emission regime. Sufficiently high levels of emission current above 3 mA have been obtained.

Subject. Problems of increasing the economic potential of Russia's regions. Objectives. Searching for a theoretical basis for effectively addressing problems related to the differentiation of Russian regions by their level of economic development. Methods. General scientific research methods were applied. Results. The economic situation in Russia is influenced by a number of factors, including the federal budget deficit, a decline in export volumes, worsening demographic trends, and the outflow of resources from peripheral regions. The modernization of the sectoral structure of the economies of Russian regions can be carried out taking into account the provisions of the theory of optimal production location, general theories of economic growth, and the theory of interregional interaction. Conclusions. The research results can be used in the development of economic development programs for Russian regions under conditions of the country's isolation from global markets.

The article presents the results of a quasi-experimental study on the effectiveness of an additional education program aimed at developing the creativity of primary school students through interaction with artificial intelligence technologies. A sample of 156 students in grades 3–4 (M_age = 9.3 years, SD = 0.6) was assessed for dynamics of creativity and components of information culture in the field of AI from October 1 to November 30, 2025. An adapted Torrance figural test of creativity and an authorial AI information culture questionnaire (α = 0.84) were used. The results showed a statistically significant increase in fluency (d = 1.12), flexibility (d = 0.89), originality (d = 0.94), and elaboration (d = 0.76) in the experimental group compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Significant correlations were found between creativity dynamics and growth in cognitive (r = 0.67), critical-reflexive (r = 0.71), and practical-activity (r = 0.64) components of information culture. The obtained data confirm the effectiveness of integrating AI tools into additional education programs for the purposeful development of creative thinking in primary school students.

The species group, including the West African Mimopacha rotundata Hering, 1941 (the type locality is in Senegal), and two Central African M. brunnea Hering, 1941 (the type locality is in Equatorial Guinea) and M. audeoudi Romieux, 1935 (the type locality is in the southern Democratic Republic of the Congo), was reviewed: 1) type specimens of all species were examined, dissected, and illustrated; 2) new collection localities were provided to all species based on additional non-type material; 3) the subspecies M. brunnea fusca Hering, 1941 synonymous to M. brunnea was moved in synonymy with M. audeoudi (syn. n.); 4) two new species were described from Sudan and South Sudan (M. brysoni sp. n.), and Ethiopia (M. bradyi sp. n.). Four species, apart from M. brunnea, were barcoded and used in phylogenetic reconstruction, all had interspecific p-distances above 4%.

Background. Currently, psoriasis is the most common skin disease, its prevalence reaches 5% and this pathology often occurs together with arterial hypertension. Both arterial hypertension and psoriasis contribute to the remodeling of the cardiovascular system. As is known, myocardial remodeling is a substrate for electrical instability of the myocardium. Objective. The aim of the study was to study the parameters of the signal-averaged electrocardiogram in men with stage 2 arterial hypertension with concomitant vulgar psoriasis in the progressive stage, and to evaluate the parameters of the signal-averaged electrocardiogram against the background of psoriasis therapy. A total of 86 men with stage 2 arterial hypertension with a progressive stage of vulgar psoriasis with a severe and moderate course were examined. Signal-averaged ECG was recorded before psoriasis therapy was prescribed and after 6 months of systemic and topical psoriasis therapy. Results. A statistically significant moderate positive correlation was found between the severity of psoriasis vulgaris (according to the PASI index) and such an SU-ECG indicator as the duration of the filtered QRS complex (r = 0.32; p = 0.005), a statistically significant weak negative correlation of the PASI index with the root-mean-square amplitude of the last 40 ms of the filtered QRS complex (r = -0.27; p = 0.012). Patients with severe psoriasis had more pronounced changes in cardiac electrophysiology, in the form of more frequent recording of late ventricular potentials χ2 = 4.07; p = 0.044, a longer duration of the filtered QRS complex (p = 0.01). Systemic and topical therapy of concomitant psoriasis in patients with arterial hypertension leads to a decrease in the frequency of recording late ventricular potentials, and in patients who had severe psoriasis before the start of treatment, late potentials were recorded significantly more often after 6 months of therapy (χ2 = 3.88; p = 0.049) than in patients with initially moderate-severe psoriasis.

In Heidegger’s Crisis, Hans Sluga explores the issue of the interaction of philosophy and politics. He analyzes the role of German philosophy (with an emphasis on the case of M. Heidegger) in Nazi Germany (1933–1945) and in the preceding years, beginning with the First World War. I present the problem under investigation in the form of a series of questions grouped into the thematic clusters: (1) ethics and epistemology, (2) intellectual and/or moral responsibility, (3) the role of philosophy in politics, (4) philosophical ideas and social change, (5) philosophy and historical context, (6) the silence and inaction of philosophy. These are accompanied by Sluga’s answers, as they can be formulated from reading the work.

2D XMoSiN2 materials of Janus type (X = S, Se or Te) are characterized by high binding energies and a strong built-in electric field, which allows the generated electron–hole pairs to be separated within a single layer. These 2D materials show promise for photovoltaic applications. In this paper, the modeling process is used to examine the grown and optimized small diameter nanotubes based on SMoSiN2 2D materials of Janus type. Using calculations within the framework of density functional theory, band structures and optical absorption spectra of such nanotubes with different arrangements of chalcogen were obtained. For the structures under consideration, a wide absorption region of short-wave radiation is observed with a tube deformation of ε = 12.46%. Nanotubes of XMoSiN2 Janus-type semiconductors behave like semiconductors, whose electronic and optical properties can be controlled by deformation.

The paper examines the expansion of the strictly stable law for x ^ 0 and x ^ x in the case of extreme values of the asymmetry parameter. Asymptotic expansions of the probability density and distribution functions are obtained, as well as estimates of the residual terms of these expansions. Based on the obtained estimates of the residual terms, a criterion is presented that allows determining the coordinate region within which it is possible to use these asymptotic expansions. The presented calculations confirm the validity of the obtained expressions.

Aim. To assess the serum concentration of cytokines at various phases of chemotherapy for pulmonary tuberculosis as an additional laboratory criterion for transferring patients from the intensive phase of therapy to the continuation phase. Materials and methods. In patients of three study groups, comparable in forms of pulmonary tuberculosis, hemogram parameters, protein and cytokine levels (IL-6, IL-10, VEGF-A) were determined before chemotherapy (Group I, n = 41), in the intensive phase (Group II, n = 39) and continuation phase (Group III, n = 32). The control group consisted of 20 healthy individuals, comparable in age and gender with patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Results. A significant increase of IL-6 and VEGF-A (12.9 and 382.4 pg/ml) was revealed before the start of chemotherapy, by 2.5 and 2.1 times compared to the values in the control group (pI-k < 0.01), as well as their 1.7 and 1.5 times lower levels in the continuation phase compared to the initial (pI-III < 0.05), and a positive correlation of the expression of IL-6 and VEGF-A with the ESR and CRP indicators (r was 0.76 and 0.59 respectively, for correlation with ESR; 0.8 and 0.7 for CRP, p < 0.05). Conclusion. It is advisable to use the determination of IL-6 and VEGF-A levels as an additional laboratory criterion when transferring pulmonary TB patients from the intensive phase of therapy to the continuation phase.