Unis (Czechia)

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of different tank designs and water exchange rates on growth, stress, skin and gill health in juvenile lumpfish in order to validate if different rearing regimes could increase welfare and robustness of farmed juvenile lumpfish. Experimental trials were conducted to investigate how lumpfish growth, condition factor, skin and gill mucus activity, cortisol and serotonin activity was affected by rearing in two systems (tank (T), raceway (R)) and two water exchange rates (high (T-H): 1350 L h−1; (R-H): 780 L h−1 and low (T-L): 450 L h−1; (R-L): 260 L h−1) during a 66 days laboratory trial. Furthermore, potential carryover effects on performance at sea were investigated by studying growth, condition and welfare of the same fish in small scale sea pens A combination of tanks and low water exchange rates (T-L) produced significantly smaller lumpfish, with significantly lower specific growth rate, and lower condition factor. Fish reared in raceways had significantly higher baseline plasma cortisol levels and elevated values of brainstem serotonergic activity compared to fish reared in tanks. There was an indication of lower defence activity in skin mucus cells in raceways at high water exchange, suggesting that raceways at high water exchange may have more favourable environmental conditions. The rearing conditions in the different tank designs at the hatchery stage did not seem to affect fish welfare during the subsequent stage in sea cages. Based on the significantly smaller size, slower growth rate and a condition factor below the threshold which represents acceptable fish welfare in lumpfish, rearing of juvenile lumpfish in tanks at the low water exchange rate (150% exchange of tank water per hour) is considered sub-optimal compared to exchange rates of 450% in tanks and 200% or 600% in raceways.

RésuméLes auteurs étudient l'effet de la migration internationale temporaire de main‐d'œuvre sur l'abandon de terres cultivées, l'adoption de techniques d'intensification agricole et la diversification des moyens de subsistance au Népal. Ils appliquent des méthodes empiriques d'inférence causale en s'appuyant sur des données représentatives au niveau national. Ils établissent que les familles de migrants ont plus de 50 pour cent de chances en plus de laisser des terres en friche que celles de non‐migrants. La migration internationale temporaire favorise l'adoption de pratiques d'intensification agricole et incite les ménages ruraux à diversifier leurs moyens de subsistance. Si la déprise agricole est susceptible d'aggraver l'insécurité alimentaire, l'intensification de l'agriculture peut en revanche la réduire, d'où un effet net incertain.

Mots clé: domaines à accès non tangentiel, frontières de dimensions mixtes, espace de Sobolev homogènes à poids, théorème de trace, théorème d'extension, inégalités de Poincaré, opérateurs elliptiques dégénérés, estimations de De Giorgi-Nash-Moser, mesure harmonique, fonction de Green, principe de comparaison.

Talking about law changes, our minds will automatically be focused on the condition of the community experiencing the legal problem itself to help find a solution. That the relationship of Islamic law with social change is reciprocal, meaning that Islamic law can affect social change, and vice versa social change also has implications for changes in Islamic law. The change of law due to social change shows that islamic law is dynamic and able to adapt in accordance with the development of the times and social change to contemporary society.

The paper describes electronic vibration monitoring module (EVM) that can be used as standalone diagnostic system or as a part of a complex modular concept of engine electronic control (EEC/FADEC) with aircraft health monitoring system. We present a new generation of EVM for modern small turboprop engines and their vibration diagnostics which has been developed by Unis, a.s. in cooperation with Brno University of Technology and Tomas Bata University in Zlin.

The paper deals with a development of control algorithms for electro-mechanical actuator in an aircraft. Contemporary technological developments within the all-electric aircraft concept lead to replacement of existing hydraulic-mechanical circuits by intelligent actuators based on electrical servo drives which increase overall reliability and utility value, decrease operating costs, dimensions and weight. The article is focused on design of complex model of Brushless Alternating Current (BLAC) motor and control algorithms with respect to used two types of rotor position sensor. Commonly used an incremental encoder and discrete Hall sensors for sensing rotor position are chosen. Development includes design and verification of these models and their performance is evaluated. In all tests the initial rotor position was non-zero to prove algorithms' ability to start up the motor from an arbitrary position.

In the design of Fault Tolerant Systems, some type of hardware redundancy is often used, Triple Modular Redundancy being one of the well known techniques of this type. Anyway, it must be taken into account that, after one of the copies of the implemented hardware fails, then it loses fault mitigation ability and continues in operation degraded to self-checking pair. In today's dependable systems fault mitigation techniques are combined with techniques for the system repair and recovery. In FPGA-based systems the recovery process can be implemented by Partial Dynamic Reconfiguration process. In this paper, previously developed Fault Tolerant CAN Bus Control system and the FPGA partial reconfiguration process are combined to achieve the control system self-repairing ability. The synchronization process of the recovered circuit copy with the rest of the system which was operating while the faulty component reconfiguration was performed, is described in the paper.

The aim of this paper is to show the complex thermal analyses used for examining cooling properties of a liquid cooling system integrated into an aircraft fuel metering pump. The cooling is provided by flow of aviation fuel-kerosene. The main advantage of this solution is easy implementation in the place of engine bay. Two methods of thermal analyses are used according to the level of cooling system development. Thermal network analysis is intended for first estimation of thermal conditions and cooling system properties. Numerical thermal analysis based on the finite-element method is used for examination of limit operating conditions which cannot be realized during laboratory testing. The experimental measurement by an infrared camera is used for result verification and identification of thermal properties in laboratory conditions. The goal is to maintain the temperature conditions of the control electronics within the temperature limits.

RésuméEn 1997, la Hongrie et la Pologne ont été les premiers pays d'Europe centrale à privatiser partiellement leur système de retraite national en réorientant une partie des cotisations au régime de retraite public vers des comptes d'épargne‐retraite individuels gérés par le secteur privé. Puis, dans le sillage de la crise économique mondiale, elles ont l'une et l'autre réduit l'importance de ce deuxième pilier, la Hongrie en cessant de financer les comptes et en récupérant la majeure partie des sommes qui avaient été accumulées (en décembre 2010) et la Pologne en réduisant (en avril 2011) la part des cotisations affectée au deuxième pilier. Les raisons qui ont conduit à ce recul du deuxième pilier doivent être recherchées dans la manière dont il a été conçu en 1997, des aspects importants, liés au financement des comptes, aux caractéristiques des prestations privées et à l'encadrement des frais de gestion, n'ayant à l'époque pas été prévus. Dans les deux pays, les pouvoirs publics ont tenté de combler ces lacunes, mais avec un succès limité. La crise économique mondiale, en réduisant les rendements des investissements du deuxième pilier et en renchérissant le coût du crédit, a aggravé la situation. Comme le montre la conclusion, certaines questions restent ouvertes et la réponse qui leur sera apportée déterminera les incidences à long terme du recul du deuxième pilier.

Given article describes the motivation for use of Commercial Off the Shelf (COTS) components for the development of critical control applications in the aerospace industry. A V-cycle model based development is introduced and its advantages and development practices that leads from design of a MATLAB/Simulink models into a real target application are depicted. Attention is also paid on FAA/EASA certification authorities requirements with respect to a certification process of any newly developed aviation equipment. These practices are being used during the development of a Complex Power-plant Control System for a small civil aircraft, whose functionality and individual subparts are also described. Model based development of the Complex Power-plant Control System is described and simulation results are given.