United States Department of the Army

Edentulous patients not amenable to dental implants due to a severely atrophic ridge may not have suitably retentive dental prostheses. Subperiosteal dental implants, once discarded as a viable treatment option due to postoperative infection and subsequent failure, have become a viable treatment option once again due to newer surgical techniques, technology, and biomaterials. A 54-year-old male presented with a chief complaint of an ill-fitting maxillary complete denture and inability to masticate efficiently. Clinical and radiographic examination revealed severe atrophy of the maxilla with pneumatized sinuses and was not a candidate for traditional dental implants or bone augmentation. A new maxillary complete denture was fabricated and used as a scan appliance and fixed prosthesis template to design a subperiosteal implant. A cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan and Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) file were obtained and the information was sent to KLS-Martin (Tuttlingen, Germany) for virtual planning. Once approved by the surgical and restorative teams, the titanium subperiosteal implant and prosthesis prototype were fabricated and delivered under general anesthesia. After 6 months of wearing the PMMA prototype, a definitive zirconia prosthesis was delivered.

This chapter discusses the importance of identifying ethical options and alternatives when faced with a knowledge-related dilemma. Learning to see and imagine ethical options is critical for identifying the potential consequences of our actions. The consequences of unethical knowledge choices are short- and long-term. Given the peculiar properties and behaviors of knowledge, long-term consequences can be significant. The authors call out seven consequences that can result from ethical and unethical knowledge choices.

In this chapter, the authors identify common forms of unethical knowledge ownership, including non-compete agreements, knowledge theft, false claims of ownership, failure to inform, and knowledge absorption. Each form is supported by one or more ethical stories drawn from the authors’ experiences and the popular press.

The authors describe the research methodology followed to identify dilemmas. They also share what they learned about the current state of each component of the ethical system as it pertains to knowledge. This chapter also identifies the categories of ethical dilemmas found, including dilemmas that arise in the creation, ownership, use, access, preservation, sharing, and transacting of knowledge.

The authors make the case for a new and expanded system of ethics that will better serve the knowledge economy. The authors explain why and how the ethics systems of an industrial economy are insufficient to safeguard knowledge assets in the future. They describe the variant properties and behaviors of knowledge and explain the fundamental human rather than a tangible form of knowledge capital. A brief introduction to the ethical implications of each type of capital is provided.

Reluctance to disclose new mental or physical health symptoms and seek healthcare can be exacerbated among pilots due to fear of jeopardizing one's aviation career. The current qualitative study focused on undergraduate pilot trainees' beliefs about healthcare and help seeking behaviors. Individual semi-structured virtual interviews were completed with 28 undergraduate pilot trainees to identify barriers to symptom disclosure and health care service utilization. Six thematic barriers to help seeking were identified, including (lack of) health system literacy, fear, delay in seeking care, lack of understanding the FAA aeromedical process, trust, and financial constraints. These findings contribute to understanding healthcare avoidant behavior among aviators early in their training and have implications for industry leaders in considering revisions to health-related communications, education, and services available to pilot trainees and across the aviation industry more broadly.

The following chapter explores the potential of digital twin technology (DTT) implementation in human resources (HR) functions, such as improving employee management, fetching real-time data, and using artificial intelligence (AI). Through DTT, companies can virtually create all HR operations by simulating work processes, forecasting results, and designing proactive strategies, thereby improving decision-making, increasing productivity, and managing processes. This chapter discusses the practical implementation of digital twins (DTs) in HR planning, employee engagement, performance evaluation, and career development. Additionally, it proposes a step-by-step methodology for developing and integrating DTs in HR functions for increasing efficiency while ensuring accuracy and relevance. Although this technology is hugely beneficial, it has certain limitations and concerns like data privacy, hefty implementation cost, technological barriers, skill gap, and resistance to change. There is a strong need to mitigate these challenges by adopting proactive strategies like upskilling HR professionals, incorporating cybersecurity software, and creating organizational trust. This chapter discusses DTT as an important innovation for enhancing HR function. It will enable organizations to navigate workforce difficulties and develop employee-centric and data-driven strategies in the rapidly changing work landscape.

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This paper presents the mechanism, technical development, and practical applications of the vacuum preloading method in treating weak soil foundations. This method allows accelerating the consolidation process, significantly shortening construction time compared to traditional preloading. Studies and applications in many countries, including Vietnam, demonstrate the superior effectiveness of this technology. The paper also introduces recent improvements, including membrane-less techniques, combination of vacuum preloading with static loads, and numerical analysis applications.