Universidad Anáhuac Querétaro

Introduction: Bezoars are rare accumulations of indigestible material in the gastrointestinal tract. Phytobezoars, formed from plant fibers, can cause small bowel obstruction, even without classic risk factors such as prior gastric surgery. This report presents a case of high intestinal obstruction due to phytobezoar in an otherwise healthy patient. Case Presentation: A 55-year-old man presented with severe colicky abdominal pain (VAS 8/10), nausea, vomiting, and abdominal distension. Contrast-enhanced CT revealed distal ileal obstruction with a heterogeneous intraluminal mass. Conservative management with nasogastric decompression failed due to high output and feculent vomiting. Laparoscopy showed a 10 × 7 × 6 cm phytobezoar (vegetable fibers and seeds) 50 cm proximal to the ileocecal valve. Enterotomy, extraction, primary closure, and lavage were performed without resection. The patient recovered uneventfully and was discharged on postoperative day 7. Discussion: Phytobezoars commonly obstruct at the terminal ileum and are linked to delayed gastric emptying or high-fiber intake, though primary small bowel cases occur without predisposing factors. CT is the gold standard for diagnosis (high sensitivity/specificity). Surgical enterotomy is effective when conservative measures fail. Conclusion: Phytobezoar should be considered in acute intestinal obstruction, even without risk factors. Prompt CT imaging and individualized surgical extraction provide efficient resolution.

Self-healing polymer-based coatings have emerged as a new generation of adaptive protective materials capable of restoring their structure and function after damage. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of current strategies enabling autonomous or externally triggered repair in polymeric films, including encapsulation, reversible chemistry, and microvascular network formation. Emphasis is placed on polymer-inorganic hybrid composites and vitrimeric systems, which integrate barrier protection with stimuli-responsive healing and recyclability. Comparative performance across different matrices-epoxy, polyurethane, silicone, and polyimine-is discussed in relation to corrosion protection and biomedical interfaces. The review also highlights how dynamic covalent and supramolecular interactions in hydrogels enable self-repair under physiological conditions. Recent advances demonstrate that tailoring interfacial compatibility, healing kinetics, and trigger specificity can achieve repeatable, multi-cycle recovery of both mechanical integrity and functional performance. A representative selection of published patents is also shown to illustrate recent technological advancements in the field. Finally, key challenges are identified in standardizing evaluation protocols, ensuring long-term stability, and scaling sustainable manufacturing. Collectively, these developments illustrate the growing maturity of self-healing polymer coatings as multifunctional materials bridging engineering, environmental, and biomedical applications.

Objetivo: Evaluar la eficacia y seguridad de la lipotransferencia autóloga (AFG), sola o en combinación con bioestimuladores, en el rejuvenecimiento facial y la reconstrucción oncológica. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática siguiendo la declaración PRISMA 2020. Se consultaron PubMed, Embase y Cochrane Library entre enero de 2014 y julio de 2024. Se incluyeron ensayos clínicos, estudios observacionales y revisiones sistemáticas que evaluaran AFG aislada, bioestimuladores (ácido poli-L-láctico [PLLA], hidroxiapatita cálcica [CaHA]) o la combinación de ambas en rejuvenecimiento y oncología reconstructiva. Resultados: De 642 artículos identificados, 26 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. La AFG aislada mostró mejoras en volumen y calidad tisular, aunque con variabilidad en la supervivencia del injerto (reabsorción 20–40%). Los bioestimuladores demostraron eficacia en elasticidad y densidad dérmica, con resultados sostenidos 18–24 meses. La combinación de AFG y bioestimuladores ofreció beneficios superiores en retención volumétrica, textura cutánea y satisfacción del paciente (>90%), con complicaciones leves (<5%). En pacientes irradiados, la AFG mejoró elasticidad y vascularización sin evidencia de aumento en la recurrencia tumoral, aunque se recomienda precaución y seguimiento estrecho. Conclusión: La lipotransferencia autóloga, sola o combinada con bioestimuladores, es una técnica segura y efectiva para rejuvenecimiento facial y reconstrucción en pacientes seleccionados. Se requieren estudios multicéntricos con mayor tamaño muestral, seguimiento prolongado y estandarización de protocolos, así como investigación en biomarcadores predictivos para avanzar hacia una medicina personalizada.

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe aging of the global population underscores the urgent need for the validation of biomarkers that can reliably distinguish individuals at risk of neurocognitive disorders. While quantitative EEG (qEEG) studies suggest that excessive theta activity predicts cognitive decline in the long term, less is known about whether increased theta can index current reduced cognitive resources, including attention, in older adults.MethodsThis study compared the distraction event‐related potential (Mismatch Negativity (MMN)‐P3a‐Reorientation Negativity (RON)), linked to involuntary attention, between 25 older adults with excessive theta activity (risk group, RG) and 25 controls (CG). Participants underwent an auditory duration discrimination task with standard and deviant tones while an EEG was recorded.ResultsBehaviorally, both groups showed distraction effects, with no significant differences between them. There were no significant differences in the amplitudes of the distraction potential between groups. However, the RG exhibited delayed P3a latencies at midline centroparietal regions and delayed RON at left parietal regions. Topographically, the RG displayed a bilateral RON effect (vs. the CG's right‐lateralized distribution). The MMN latency remained unaffected.ConclusionsThese findings suggest delayed attentional orientation (P3a) and reorientation (RON) in at‐risk adults, despite preserved behavioral performance. The atypical RON distribution may reflect compensatory mechanisms mitigating cognitive inefficiencies. While at‐risk‐related neural delays did not yet manifest behaviorally, they highlight early electrophysiological markers of subclinical attentional decline. This underscores the utility of increased theta activity in detecting preclinical alterations, challenging the reliance on neuropsychological tests alone.

The concept of cognitive reserve explains how the brain maintains function despite age-related changes or neuropathological damage. Factors such as education, cognitive stimulation, and physical activity contribute to strengthening this reserve. While research has highlighted the benefits of structured exercise, less attention has been given to the impact of incidental physical activity (IPA) everyday, unplanned movements like walking or household chores. This study examined the relationship between IPA and the inhibition of automatic responses, a key executive function that tends to decline with age. A total of 59 healthy older adults (mean age = 67; standard deviation = 4.95; range = 60-82; 35 females) were assessed and divided into two groups based on their IPA levels, measured using the Yale Physical Activity Survey. They then completed a Counting-Stroop task, designed to assess inhibitory control, while event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded to measure brain activity. Behavioral results confirmed the Stroop effect in both groups, with similar patterns observed overall and only one between-group difference during the incongruent condition. ERP analyses revealed greater late negativity as a result of the differences between conditions (1,050-1,200 ms) during the counting-Stroop task in the high-IPA group, suggesting more effective late-stage inhibitory processing post-execution likely related to re-evaluation and resolution of the conflict, while the low-IPA group lacked this effect. Furthermore, distinct neural activity patterns between the conditions were observed for each group as well. The high-IPA group showed differences between congruent and incongruent conditions between 300 and 500 ms, suggesting earlier conflict monitoring, while the low-IPA group exhibited significant differences over frontal areas in the 500-700 ms window, likely suggesting a different strategy for resolving interference. These findings suggest that IPA may enhance executive function by mainly supporting the later stages of inhibitory control mechanisms at a neural level, even when behavioral performance remains comparable. Given its accessibility, IPA may be a valuable strategy to maintain cognitive reserve and promote healthy aging. Future research is necessary to further explore the relationship between IPA and cognition in the context of cognitive reserve.

Background/Objectives: Universities serve as crucibles for molding future healthcare providers, instilling medical expertise and ethical frameworks crucial for their role as custodians of health. Yet, integrating anti-doping education into university curricula remains largely underexplored, particularly among future physicians. The aim of this research was to evaluate the students' understanding of anti-doping within the bachelor's degree in medicine in Mexico. Methods: Five hundred and forty-nine bachelor students in medicine (151 males, 351 females, and 7 participants identifying as non-binary) from six universities in Mexico filled out a validated questionnaire regarding general anti-doping knowledge. This questionnaire was an adapted form of the World Anti-Doping Agency's Play True Quiz and included 36 multiple-choice questions. The results were converted into a scale from 0 to 100 points to evaluate anti-doping knowledge. Results: Students scored 55.30 ± 9.08 points (range = 28-83 points). Fourteen questions indicated an error rate higher than 50% within the sample. The course had no impact on the scores achieved in the anti-doping knowledge questionnaire (p > 0.05). Students who engaged in sports demonstrated higher scores in anti-doping knowledge compared to those who did not participate in any type of exercise (56.10 ± 9.04 vs. 54.19 ± 9.10 points; p = 0.008). Conclusions: It was determined that the knowledge of essential anti-doping regulations and doping prevention strategies among bachelor's degree medical students in Mexico was found to be suboptimal. Doping prevention should be included in the syllabus of the bachelor's degree in medicine to help future doctors avoid professional errors, whether negligent or intentional.

Chondrosarcoma is the third most common primary bone tumor of the hand, after myeloma and osteosarcoma, affecting mainly the proximal phalanx of the fifth finger, with a long-term clinical presentation, manifested mainly by local pain and enlargement, affecting mostly people in the fifth and sixth decades of life, with no reports of which hand is most affected. It is diagnosed by combining imaging studies in combination with the histopathological study, with magnetic resonance being the preferred paraclinical study due to its multiple benefits. The main proposed management is amputation, however lately a primarily conservative management has been advocated, with the aim of preserving the function of the affected hand, justified by the low metastatic rate of chondrosarcomas in the hand. We present the clinical case of a 76-year-old female patient who presented after a fall from her own height with a pathological fracture of the proximal phalanx of the fourth finger of the left hand. Upon questioning, the patient denied having presented clinical symptoms prior to her incident; her surgical management was decided by means of wide resection and placement of a bone graft, since the patient did not accept general anesthesia, the placement of a cadaveric cortical graft was chosen.

This article delves into the intricate and layered concept of Mexican pink, a color with deep historical and cultural roots. It commences by tracing the colonial origins of this vibrant hue, highlighting its association with colorism as depicted in caste paintings. These artworks, serving as portraiture, often reinforced social hierarchies based on skin color. From this historical perspective, Mexican pink has transitioned to symbolize femininity and feminist resistance against gender violence. In the 1940s, Mexican pink gained prominence, largely due to the innovative fashion designer Ramón Valdiosera. His pioneering work played a pivotal role in bringing this color to the forefront of the fashion industry, making it a significant representation of Mexican identity. However, the narrative around Mexican pink has continued to evolve, particularly recently. Feminist groups have increasingly adopted this color as a powerful tool to raise awareness about feminicide. This dual use underscores the complexity of the color, which serves as both a symbol of national identity in Mexico and a rallying cry for justice. The article also addresses the tensions arising from the commercialization of pink, mainly when used for feminist purposes. This commercialization can dilute the original meaning and importance of color, leading to debates about the authenticity and commodification of feminist ideals. In conclusion, I analyze the potential impact of Greta Gerwig's Barbie 2023 film on the feminist movement in Mexico. With its significant social media presence, the film has sparked much debate. Four influential Mexican TikTok creators, who became the most followed on the platform between June and August 2023, have been instrumental. Their content, which primarily appeals to young women interested in fashion, makeup, and feminism, creates a unique intersection, further highlighting Mexican pink's ongoing relevance in contemporary culture. This article examines the relationship between the content produced by these influencers and the representation of Barbie pink, which closely resembles Mexican pink. By analyzing this connection, we aim to understand if it is possible to forge a link between the two that can enhance the feminist struggle. Given that Gerwig's film has been framed as a feminist statement, exploring three different, yet similar, shades of pink reveal how they can integrate narratives of consumption with those of feminist activism, ultimately enriching the discourse around both color and the movement it represents.