Universidad Autónoma de Entre Ríos

Abstract Anthropogenic activities such as agriculture and keeping livestock have significantly modified natural ecosystems, transforming them into agroecosystems and contributing to habitat loss and species decline. In Argentina, agricultural expansion has been accompanied by increased use of agrochemicals, raising concerns about their impact on biodiversity. These chemicals can affect organisms directly during application or persist in the environment, potentially disrupting reproduction. Our study focuses on Caiman latirostris populations, a species whose distribution overlaps with croplands. We conducted a comprehensive long‐term spatial and multitemporal analysis of some reproductive parameters in C. latirostris in 2000–2018, using six nesting areas located in central‐northern Santa Fe, Argentina. This analysis integrated geospatial tools to assess the impact of agrochemical exposure on reproduction. Nest monitoring data from the Proyecto Yacaré conservation program were integrated with geospatial datasets through the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform, utilizing AI tools to evaluate environmental disturbances of each nesting area and its perinesting environment. This assessment incorporated web feature geoservices (WFS), vegetation indices (NDVI) temporal series, and land use/land cover. Reproductive parameters, including hatching success, the percentage of non‐viable embryos, infertile eggs, and neonate malformations, were analyzed in relation to the proximity of agricultural activities. Results revealed a significant decline in hatching success, accompanied by an increase in the proportion of non‐viable embryos and infertile eggs in the nests, particularly in nesting areas associated with agricultural activities. The integration of geotechnologies provided a comprehensive evaluation of the spatial and temporal aspects of the impacts of agricultural expansion on C. latirostris reproduction. These findings suggest that chronic exposure to agrochemicals is a plausible factor contributing to the decline in reproductive success, with broader implications for conservation in agroecosystems. This study highlights the utility of geotechnologies in monitoring environmental changes and their effects on wildlife. Our results also offer a scalable approach to assess anthropogenic impacts on other species and ecosystems, providing critical insights for conservation strategies.

Abstract Cortical states shape sensory processing, decision-making, and behavior, and are characterized by distinct patterns of neuronal oscillatory activity. Pharmacological agents can modulate these states and their underlying electrophysiological signatures. Modafinil is a widely used wake-promoting agent and cognitive enhancer, but its effects on cortical oscillations are not fully understood. In this study, we evaluated the effect of modafinil on cortical activity during wakefulness and subsequent sleep. Ten male Wistar rats were implanted with electrocorticographic electrodes and recorded following oral administration of modafinil or its vehicle. Our results show that modafinil increased wakefulness in a dose-dependent manner, with doses of 200 and 300 mg/kg producing prolonged wake episodes and reducing hypnogram complexity. During wakefulness, modafinil enhanced gamma-band power in anterior cortices, an effect primarily driven by increases in the aperiodic rather than oscillatory components. Although no sleep rebound was observed, subsequent NREM sleep exhibited increased delta power, particularly in anterior regions, indicating heightened sleep pressure. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that modafinil-induced wakefulness is associated with an enhanced aperiodic gamma band component at the anterior cortices in the EEG. Furthermore, modafinil modulates sleep homeostasis by enhancing NREM sleep intensity rather than extending its duration.

ABSTRACT Fibromyalgia is characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain accompanied by sleep disturbances and cognitive dysfunction, among other symptoms. Patients frequently report difficulties with memory, but objective assessment of these impairments remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate working memory performance in fibromyalgia patients using two established paradigms: the change detection task, which primarily measures storage capacity, and the n-back task, which assesses both storage and manipulation of information. For the change detection task, the behavioral outcomes assessed were the hit rate, false alarm rate, capacity estimate and response times. The electrophysiological measure evaluated was the contralateral delayed activity. For the n-back, the behavioral outcomes were the same, except for the capacity estimate. Electrophysiologically, the P2 and P3 from the evoked potentials were the outcomes of the task. Behaviorally, results demonstrated that fibromyalgia patients exhibited lower memory capacity than controls (1.90 vs 2.64), in the change detection task, which involved differences in the hit rate and false alarm rate, whereas no behavioral differences were found for the n-back task. In contrast, no differences were found for any of the electrophysiological outcomes in any of the tasks. Taken together, we found evidence supporting a reduction in working memory capacity in fibromyalgia, although it is not reflected in electrophysiological measures.

Los lógicos medievales, como los lógicos contemporáneos, aprendieron a utilizar la lógica para solucionar problemas filosóficos. Los problemas generados por el concepto de voluntad no fueron la excepción. En este trabajo exploramos una de sus aristas: los enunciados de voluntad, cuando son expresados de manera condicional (voluntas conditionalis). Quien enuncia: “Si quiero que mis hijos estudien, tendré que trabajar más tiempo” está expresando su voluntad de manera condicional. Quien enuncia la proposición anterior: ¿Tiene voluntad de hacer ambas cosas? ¿O sólo una de ellas? La voluntad condicional presenta problemas lógicos y teológicos. Buridán nos brinda, en el decimoctavo insoluble de su Sophimata, una manera de entender la voluntad condicional que a) permite librarse de la paradoja a la que puede conducirnos la voluntad expresada de manera condicional; b) permite presentar lógicamente la solución a un problema con este tipo de enunciados, planteado por Guillermo de Auxerre. En este trabajo presentamos un panorama general del tratamiento lógico de la voluntad y sus conceptos asociados. Luego presentamos, explicamos, y analizamos la solución lógica de Buridán al problema de la voluntad condicional. Incluimos la solución en un contexto más amplio, dado por las lecturas medievales de Mateo 26:39 y Filipenses 1:23.

Proponemos un recorrido teórico para pensar el neoliberalismo y sus implicancias en las juventudes en general, y en las juventudes populares en particular. Entendiendo que el neoliberalismo es un proyecto político que trasciende objetivos económicos y políticos partidarios, sino que es ante todo un modelo cultural y de subjetivación que tiene al consumo y a la individualidad como valor esencial. En este marco, las juventudes son blanco ideal de estos mandatos y quienes, a su vez, padecen condicionantes materiales cada vez más estructurales que el propio neoliberalismo dispone. Esta tensión supone el desamparo para las y los jóvenes, las imposibilidades de proyectarse material y simbólicamente a nivel colectivo. Proponemos, entonces, recuperar el lazo social como herramienta de disputa política y de intervención profesional en escenarios donde, como nuestros sujetos de intervención, nos atraviesa el desamparo.

Abstract Our study explores the dynamics of introgressive hybridization between two sympatric crocodilian species, Caiman latirostris and Caiman yacare, shedding light on the ongoing genetic exchange. Hybrid individuals exhibit a notable absence of distinct boundaries between parental and hybrid forms, potentially influenced by factors like limited dispersal potential or unexplored extrinsic variables. Despite sympatric coexistence, the species occupy distinct ecological niches, limiting hybridization. Climatic factors, particularly during autumn and winter, may further impact migration and energy allocation, contributing to the observed introgression pattern. Significantly, the prevalence of individuals with hybrid index values indicates introgressive hybridization between C. yacare and C. latirostris populations, supported by ecological niche models that found wide areas with potential for hybridization across much of their distribution. The range of hybrid index values suggests gene flow and the transfer of adaptive traits through hybridization. The divergence between C. yacare and C. latirostris, approximately 26 million years ago, aligns with geological and climatic changes during the Oligocene. Furthermore, our findings support a directional radiation pattern in C. latirostris populations from south to north, influenced by climatic changes and ecological niche shifts. This study revealed the dynamics of introgressive hybridization between C. yacare and C. latirostris, emphasizing the complex interplay of ecological, temporal, and environmental factors in shaping genetic patterns and evolutionary history.

This article aims to identify how the teaching practices developed by advanced students of a teaching program in Italian were influenced by the relationship between the construction of knowledge, experiences, and educational practices. In order to achieve this, a qualitative methodology is designed: an exhaustive literature review, classroom observation, and in-depth interviews with student practitioners of the Italian teaching program at a public university. The article presents the main findings of a research that focused on the teaching practices of a multilingual education project developed in a public school in Entre Ríos (Argentina). The findings and conclusions from this research focus on three key axes: the place of experience in Italian language teacher training practices framed in the multilingual project, the didactic-pedagogical proposals, and the resignification of theory in the practices. The goal is to inspire the development of new research and, in particular, to improve the teaching and learning processes of foreign languages, particularly Italian.

La incorporación del género Femenino en el ámbito de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) es importante para reducir las brechas de género y fomentar el desarrollo socioeconómico. Aunque ha existido avances significativos, las mujeres continúan sin tomarse en cuenta en las disciplinas STEM (Ciencia, Tecnología, Ingeniería y Matemáticas) debido a barreras sociales, económicas y culturales. Las TIC tienen la capacidad de empoderar a las mujeres al facilitar el acceso al conocimiento, el desarrollo de habilidades digitales y la participación en sectores tecnológicos. Este análisis indaga estrategias para incrementar la participación femenina en las TIC, incluyendo la educación temprana, políticas inclusivas y la superación de estereotipos de género. Además, destaca cómo la inclusión digital y el acceso equitativo a las TIC pueden transformar la vida de las mujeres, permitiéndoles contribuir a la innovación tecnológica y ocupar roles importantes en el sector. En el Cantón Latacunga, este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar el uso de las TIC por mujeres para fines educativos y laborales, identificando los factores que limitan su inclusión.

El presente ensayo recorre las relaciones entre alcohol, literatura y subjetividad que emergen en El viaje a Echo Spring (2013), de Olivia Lang. Considera, desde una perspectiva de género, cuáles huellas culturales tabican las representaciones sobre una práctica ubicua en el siglo XX occidental, el consumo de alcohol, en una pieza literaria de no-ficción, parte de un corpus hegemónico de la literatura internacional. Se trata de un ejercicio crítico contenido en el interrogante más amplio de cómo el alcohol participa del imaginario cultural occidental a lo largo del siglo XX. Dicha búsqueda es fruto de indagaciones previas, centradas en la historia sociocultural del alcohol en Argentina y de la comprobación de cuán gravitantes resultan los preconceptos culturales de los investigadores del campo. En función de ello se propone una reflexión ensayística que se pregunta por las representaciones sobre el alcohol presentes en una obra específica, considerando los aspectos estéticos y sociales de dichas representaciones y con el horizonte de contribuir a la reflexión sobre los condicionantes culturales sobre los sentidos sociales de una práctica omnipresente como es el consumo de alcohol.