Universidad Metropolitana de Monterrey

Introduction: Decompression sickness (DCS), commonly known as “the bends,” is a clinical disorder caused by the formation of gas bubbles within tissues or the bloodstream as a result of inert gas supersaturation during or following a decrease in ambient pressure. It most often occurs in the setting of compressed-gas diving, work in pressurized environments such as caissons, or rapid decompression to high altitude, including situations involving reduced cabin pressure or extravehicular activity (EVA) in space suits. DCS may also develop after relatively modest pressure reductions, such as commercial air travel undertaken shortly after scuba diving. Clinical manifestations vary widely, ranging from musculoskeletal pain, lymphedema, and cutaneous rashes to severe neurological deficits and cardiorespiratory collapse. Initial evaluation should include a detailed history of recent diving or altitude exposure, the timing of symptom onset, and a thorough neurological examination. Immediate management consists of high-flow oxygen administration and appropriate fluid resuscitation, either orally or intravenously. Definitive treatment involves hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Although residual symptoms may persist in severe cases, prompt and appropriate treatment generally leads to a favorable outcome.

Abstract Cancer is a major global health concern, with immune suppression hindering treatment. Immunotherapy, specifically immune checkpoint blockage on T cells, has revolutionized cancer treatment. T-cell exhaustion is an abnormal activation state that develops when continuous exposure to antigens, like cancer. In this context, recent evidence suggests that parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) plays a previously underappreciated role in fostering an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Further, blocking PTHrP activity reduces primary tumor growth, prevents metastasis, and prolongs survival in mice with various cancers. Here, we confirm that administration of anti-PTHrP monoclonal antibodies can reduce the growth of B16-PDL1 melanoma tumors and that although the therapy did not alter the presence of CD4+ and CD8+ TILs, we noted that all stages of T-cell exhaustion were reduced. Further, the expression of cytolytic proteins PERFORIN and GZMB also increased. By contrast, anti-PTHrP therapy increased the relative presence of pre-pro B cells with a decline in mature B cells in the bone marrow. Overall, our data indicates that anti-PTHrP therapy acts by reducing T-cell exhaustion and by affecting B-cell development. These provide further mechanistic evidence to support the application of anti-PTHrP blockade as an alternate therapeutic approach to boost anti-tumor immunity.

fractura conminuta de huesos nasales, fractura nasal inestable, trauma nasal, reducción cerrada de fractura, férula nasal externa.

El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar a España como polo formativo doctoral de científicos sociales del Sistema Nacional de Investigadores (SNI), en concreto para quienes radican en el noreste de México, e identificar patrones más específicos por instituciones de formación y de adscripción, por disciplina y de nivel de reconocimiento dentro del sistema. Para ello, se utilizó una metodología cuantitativa para contabilizar y realizar un análisis de proporciones de los miembros del Área V (correspondiente a ciencias sociales) del padrón del SNI para los estados de Coahuila, Nuevo León y Tamaulipas. Los hallazgos muestran que España es el polo de formación extranjera cuantitativamente más importante, más marcadamente en las universidades públicas estatales. También existe una tendencia de estudiar en ciertas universidades españolas para disciplinas como ciencias económicas o sociología. Por otra parte, se observa que estos científicos sociales con doctorados en España han recibido un reconocimiento mayor en el SNI al de los doctorados en México, pero por debajo del promedio de los graduados en otros países extranjeros. De esta forma, los resultados obtenidos muestran a España como el polo formativo más importante en el campo de las ciencias sociales en la región, pero sin que la mayoría de los investigadores formados en este país alcancen el nivel de reconocimiento que los formados en otros países con mayor tradición científica.

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh dari penggunaan media kartu bergambar dalam proses penguasaan kosakata bahasa Arab siswa kelas VII A MTs Surya Buana. Jenis pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif dan menggunakan metode studi kasus. Penelitian ini berlokasi di MTs Surya Buana, beralamat di Jalan Gajayana IV No. 631, Dinoyo, Kec. Lowokwaru Kota Malang. Objek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII A MTs Surya Buana. Peneliti memperoleh data penelitian melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa media kartu bergambar telah memberi pengaruh yang positif dalam penguasaan kosakata bahasa Arab siswa kelas VII A MTs Surya Buana. Pengaruh tersebut dibagi menjadi dua yakni; pengaruh internal dan pengaruh eksternal. Individu seorang siswa menjadi pengaruh internal dalam penguasaan kosakata bahasa Arab. Sedangkan yang menjadi pengaruh eksternal adalah peran guru pengampu mata pelajaran Bahasa Arab. Antusias, semangat, keaktifan, serta hasil penilaian tugas yang meningkat membuktikan bahwa media kartu bergambar berpengaruh baik dalam penguasaan kosakata bahasa Arab siswa di kelas VII A MTs Surya Buana.

Cities have been studied from various disciplines such as history, economics, geography or sociology that have developed theories to explain their growth (Munizaga Vigil, 2000). In the approach to the growth of cities, it is possible to identify two types of dimensions: one that analyzes and seeks to explain how urban growth occurs based on the spatial and morphological configuration of existing cities; and the other that seeks to define the vision of the city to be developed from urban models, which originated in sociology and economics. The objective of this research is to define the effects of public housing policies on urban sprawl and residential segregation in the Monterrey Metropolitan Area. To do this, a review of federal public policies that have guided urban development, and particularly housing in recent decades is carried out. Subsequently, the status of the urban development plans of the 18 metropolitan municipalities of the study area is analyzed, as well as the location of the dwelling with respect to the update status of the regulations and the Urban Containment Perimeters (PCU) issued by the federal government. Compliance with regulations at the municipal level affects the location of the dwelling, the highest record of housing between 2010 and 2020 was in municipalities with outdated urban development plans. Likewise, despite the promotion of mechanisms to mitigate urban expansion from the federal government such as the PCUs, registered housing is not located in the priority areas that are better supplied with services and employment.

The troponin complex, composed of troponin T (TnT), troponin I (TnI), and troponin C (TnC), is the major calcium‐dependent regulator of muscle contraction, which is present widely in both vertebrates and invertebrates. Little is known about evolutionary aspects of troponin in the animal kingdom. Using a combination of data mining and functional analysis of TnI, we report evidence that an N‐terminal extension of TnI is present in most of bilaterian animals as a functionally important domain. Troponin components have been reported in species in most of representative bilaterian phyla. Comparison of TnI sequences shows that the core domains are conserved in all examined TnIs, and that N‐ and C‐terminal extensions are variable among isoforms and species. In particular, N‐terminal extensions are present in all protostome TnIs and chordate cardiac TnIs but lost in a subset of chordate TnIs including vertebrate skeletal‐muscle isoforms. Transgenic rescue experiments in Caenorhabditis elegans striated muscle show that the N‐terminal extension of TnI (UNC‐27) is required for coordinated worm locomotion but not in sarcomere assembly and single muscle‐contractility kinetics. These results suggest that N‐terminal extensions of TnIs are retained from a TnI ancestor as a functional domain. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

This study aimed at (1) explaining the author hegemonic power expressed in the literary texts by signi er system, (2) explaining the hegemonic power shown in the literary texts as a humanity representation, and (3) nding the basic concept to explain in the language, the system of power and culture in linguistic anthropology perspective. This research used descriptive qualitative method in order to explain that the language utility in linguistic anthropology perspective could formulate and reconstruct hegemonic powers shown in Ahmad Tohari’s novels entitled Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk. The research data included primary and secondary data. The primary data were in the form of literary texts (novels). While secondary data included: (1) various references or journals related to the research problems, (2) a variety of important information obtained from the author, cultural observers and readers are re ered from internet. The data collection was done by library research for in-depth understanding on the meanings. The Data analysis techniques required reading for meaning in a semiotic reading of heuristic and hermeneutic reading. The results showed that (1) hegemonic power shown by the author through signi er system could be considered in the use of signs / symbols that led to the meaning of power in linguistic categories associated with the community culture shown in the texts, (2) the hegemony of power indicated in the texts as humanity representation that sometimes, for certain interests, language could be used as a mean of justi cation to human behavior, (3) the language used in the text could not be separated from the public culture in giving meaning of power. Representation of power was clearly re ected in the use of markers to discuss and interpret the language that referred to the social reality. Key words: language utility, hegemonic power, signs, representations. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan (1) memberikan penjelasan tentang hegemoni kekuasaan yang diungkapkan pengarang dalam teks sastra melalui sistem penanda; (2) memberikan penjelasan tentang hegemoni kekuasaan yang ditunjukkan dalam teks sastra sebagai representasi kondisi kemanusiaan.; (3) menemukan konsep dasar yang dapat memberikan penjelasan tentang bahasa, sistem kekuasaan dan kebudayaan dalam perspektif antropologi linguistik. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualityatif deskriptif sebagai upaya untuk menjelaskan bahwa utilitas bahasa dalam perspektif antropologi linguistik mampu menformulasi dan merekonstruksi hegemoni kekuasaan yang terdapat dalam trilogi novel Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk, karya Ahmad Tohari. Data penelitian ini meliputi data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer berupa teks sastra (novel), sedangkan data sekunder meliputi: (1) berbagai referensi atau jurnal yang relevan dengan permasalahan penelitian; (2) berbagai informasi penting yang diperoleh dari pengarang, budayawan, dan pembaca yang dirujuk dari internet. Pengumpulan dapat dilakukan dengan teknik studi kepustakaan disertai pemahaman arti secara mendalam. Teknik analisis data untuk pemaknaan diperlukan pembacaan secara semiotik yaitu pembacaan heuristik dan pembacaan hermeneutik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) hegemoni kekuasaan yang diungkapkan pengarang melalui sistem penanda dapat diperhatikan dalam penggunaan tanda/simbol yang mengarah pada pemaknaan kekuasaan pada kategori linguistik yang dikaitkan dengan budaya masyarakat dalam teks; (2) hegemoni kekuasaan yang ditunjukkan dalam teks sebagai representasi kemanusiaan diungkapkan bahwa untuk kepentingan-kepentingan tertentu terkadang bahasa merupakan salah satu alat jitu yang digunakan untuk memberikan suatu pembenaran terhadap perilaku manusia; (3) bahasa yang digunakan dalam teks tidak dapat dilepaskan dengan kebudayaan masyarakat dalam memberikan pemaknaan tentang kekuasaan. Representasi kekuasaan tergambar secara jelas dalam membicarakan dan menafsirkan penggunaan penanda bahasa yang mengacu pada realitas sosial. Kata kunci : utilitas bahasa , hegemoni kekuasaan, Ronggenng Dukuh Paruk, representasi.