Universidad de Los Andes, Chile

Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) in children are often under-recognized, with prevalence estimates typically approaching 70% according to recent epidemiological studies. This range complicates interpretation and highlights the need for standardized diagnostic protocols. Facial biotype has been proposed as a potential risk factor, given reported links between craniofacial features and temporomandibular joint alterations, yet pediatric evidence remains limited. To determine the prevalence of TMD and its association with facial biotype in Chilean children aged 7-14 years, providing relevant data for early clinical intervention. A cross-sectional study evaluated TMD and facial biotypes in 83 participants aged 7-14. Axis I of the DC/TMD adapted for children identified TMD, incorporating recognized diagnostic criteria. Cephalometric analysis using Ricketts' VERT index determined each participant's facial biotype. The study found a 27.71% TMD prevalence. A significant association was observed between the dolichofacial biotype and articular disorders, specifically disc displacement with reduction and arthralgia. These findings suggest a potential relationship between facial biotype and articular disorders in pediatric populations. Among Chilean children aged 7-14, TMD prevalence reached 27.71%. Furthermore, the dolichofacial biotype was linked to articular disorders, highlighting the value of recognizing facial patterns to facilitate early intervention.

Eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) impairs muscle function and recovery. While omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) supplementation has shown promise in mitigating EIMD, the role of their oxidation products (oxylipins) remains unclear. This study investigated the effects of 8-week n-3 PUFA supplementation on muscle recovery and its relationship with blood oxylipin profiles after EIMD in healthy men. Eighteen participants were randomly assigned into two groups: OMEGA (n = 9 28.0 ± 2.5 y; 2.5 g/d of DHA and 0.5 g/d of EPA) and PLACEBO (n = 9 21.4 ± 0.6 y; maltodextrin). Participants performed one bout of 100 unilateral isokinetic eccentric maximal voluntary contractions of the knee extensor muscles before and after an 8-week supplementation period. N-3 PUFA supplementation augmented plasma EPA- and DHA-derived oxylipins (p < 0.05) in the OMEGA group, which showed an attenuation of peak muscle maximum voluntary contraction loss (-15.4 ± 5.2%; p = 0.05) post-exercise compared to the PLACEBO group (1.3 ± 6.0%). There were no differences in muscles soreness between groups. Multivariate analyses identified body fat percentage and specific n-3 and n-6 PUFA-derived oxylipins as predictors of MVC loss after EIMD. In conclusion, the increased plasma levels of n-3 PUFA derived oxylipins following supplementation suggest a possible role for these lipid mediators in promoting muscle recovery.

The rapid adoption of generative artificial intelligence (AI) systems has transformed health information seeking, raising questions about their role as intermediaries in non-professional health self-consultation. This study compares Google Search and ChatGPT as paradigmatic models of algorithmic mediation of health information, focusing on accuracy, biases, information quality and potential harms. A scoping review was conducted following the PRISMA-ScR framework. Empirical studies published between 2023 and 2025 were retrieved from PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus. After screening and eligibility assessment, 63 original empirical studies were included. The results indicate that ChatGPT consistently outperforms Google Search in terms of factual accuracy and information quality, achieving moderate to high DISCERN scores (4–5 out of 5) and showing moderate to strong correlations with expert clinical evaluations. Users also tend to value ChatGPT responses positively due to their clarity, coherence and perceived empathy. However, these advantages coexist with significant structural limitations. Hallucinations are reported in an estimated 31–45% of references, source provenance remains opaque, linguistic complexity is high, and actionability is limited, with only around 40% of responses providing clearly actionable guidance. In contrast, Google Search offers greater source traceability and verifiability, but at the cost of fragmented information and higher exposure to commercial content. The review identifies critical research gaps related to behavioural impacts, critical health literacy, equity of access, professional integration and vulnerable contexts. Overall, the findings highlight the need for hybrid human–AI models, professional mediation and critical AI literacy to ensure safe, equitable and trustworthy use of generative AI in public health communication.

508 Background: C+N is approved as first-line treatment in aRCC based on the CheckMate 9ER trial, which demonstrated superior progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) versus sunitinib in this pt population. In this exploratory, post hoc analysis, we characterized the depth and durability of response with long-term follow-up (based on the final analysis of CheckMate 9ER) in pts receiving C+N. Methods: Pts received C (40 mg) once daily plus N (240 mg) every 2 weeks. Depth of response (DepOR) subgroups were based on best overall response (blinded independent central review [BICR] per RECIST v1.1) and best tumor reduction threshold, as follows: complete response (CR); partial response subdivided by a tumor reduction of ≥80% (PR1), ≥60%–&lt;80% (PR2), or ≥30%–&lt;60% (PR3); stable disease (SD); and progressive disease (PD). PFS (per BICR) and OS were analyzed by DepOR subgroups after a 6-month post-randomization landmark. Results: Of 323 pts randomized to C+N, 293 pts were alive, and 234 pts were alive and progression-free at the 6-month landmark and were categorized by DepOR subgroup. With a median follow-up of 67.6 months (range: 60.2–80.2), pts with a CR exhibited a durable response and prolonged benefit in DOR, PFS, and OS (Table). Pts who experienced a response (CR or any PR) included those with liver metastases (16%– 29%), sarcomatoid features (6%–15%), ≥2 metastatic sites (60%–78%), and poor IMDC risk (7%–17%). Median duration of therapy was 30.4 (CR), 29.9 (PR1), 35.6 (PR2), 23.0 (PR3), 15.3 (SD), and 9.0 (PD) months. Any-grade treatment-related adverse events were generally consistent across DepOR subgroups. Conclusions: This exploratory analysis of CheckMate 9ER revealed durable responses in pts who experienced a CR. Pts who responded to treatment (CR or any PR) included those with poor prognostic characteristics. Clinical trial information: NCT03141177 . Clinical outcomes by DepOR subgroup in pts treated with C+N. DepOR Median DOR a (95% CI), months PFS DepOR pop n=234n (%) 48-month b PFS (95% CI), % Median PFS b (95% CI), months OS DepOR popn=293n (%) 48-month b OS (95% CI), % Median OS b (95% CI), months CR NR(30.5, NE) 45 (19) 54(38, 68) NR(30.4, NE) 45 (15) 84(70, 92) NR(NE, NE) PR1 22.1(15.1, 26.0) 25 (11) 12(3, 28) 18.8(13.3, 32.7) 27 (9) 56(35, 72) 51.6(32.2, NE) PR2 21.7(14.1, 30.4) 36 (15) 24(11, 39) 18.9(13.3, 27.4) 38 (13) 67(50, 80) 63.2(47.0, NE) PR3 10.8(7.0, 17.3) 63 (27) 3(0, 13) 9.4(5.5, 17.0) 70 (24) 42(30, 53) 41.9(33.8, 49.5) SD NA 65 (28) 4(1, 11) 5.9(3.9, 10.0) 98 (33) 29(20, 39) 28.7(17.5, 35.0) PD NA NA NA NA 15 (5) 20(5, 42) 11.0(4.8, 25.1) a Calculated in the OS DepOR response (CR or any PR) pop. b From the 6-month landmark.DOR, duration of response;

The growing demand for functional tissues and organs has driven advances in tissue engineering, particularly through 3D bioprinting. However, the mechanical stress associated with extrusion can compromise cell viability, limiting its clinical applicability. This study aimed to evaluate the viability of mature osteoblast-like cells (SaOS-2) in alginate-based bioinks supplemented with different platelet concentrates, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), platelet-poor plasma (PPP), platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), and injectable PRF (iPRF) to identify formulations that enhance cell survival post-printing. Bioinks composed of alginate and varying concentrations (10% and 20%) of platelet concentrates were prepared and characterized rheologically. SaOS-2 cells wereembedded in the bioinks and printed using extrusion-based 3D bioprinting. Printed scaffolds were analyzed for cell viability using the LIVE/DEAD assay and confocal microscopy at 24, 48, and 72 hours post-printing. Rheological analysis confirmed the printability of constructs containing 10% PPP, 10% PRF, and 20% PRF. Cell viability exceeded 58% at 24 hours and 80% at 48 hours across all tested bioinks. Notably, PRF-containing constructs demonstrated viability recovery up to 86% at 72 hours, suggesting a protective and regenerative role. PRF-enriched bioinks significantly improve cell viability after extrusion and enhance the physical integrity of bioprinted scaffolds. These results support the potential of PRF-based bioinks as promising candidates for clinically relevant bone tissue engineering applications.