Universidad de Puebla

• Seaweeds possess valuable compounds that can add nutritional value to food products • The seaweed Macrocystis pyrifera was added to yellow, blue, and red corn tortillas • Differences in phenolic compounds, carotenoids, and tocopherols were analyzed • Phenolic compounds decreased with higher concentration of seaweed • Fucoxanthin and total carotenoids increased, while tocopherols decreased with more seaweed The seaweed Macrocystis pyrifera , mainly used as abalone feed, contains important phytonutrients that may be used to improve the nutritional profile of other food products, like tortillas. Maize tortillas , a staple food in some Latin American countries, contain bioactive compounds, including phenolics, carotenoids, and tocopherols, in concentrations that strongly depend on maize variety. The objective of this study was to identify the differences in the content of phenolic compounds, carotenoids, and tocopherols in tortillas made with yellow, blue, or red maize and supplemented with different concentrations of Macrocystis pyrifera. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to analyze these phytochemicals. Fifteen phenolic compounds, nine carotenoids, and tocopherols were quantified above the threshold (0.005 µg/ml). The most abundant phenolic compound was p -hydroxybenzoic acid (4-hydroxybenzoic acid), at 3.84 ± 0.01 µg/g of sample, and was found in blue maize tortillas containing 9 % seaweed. Fucoxanthin was the most abundant carotenoid (408.38 ± 9.55 µg/g) found in red maize tortilla with 9 % seaweed. These compounds, as well as phloroglucinol and violaxanthin, increased with higher concentrations of added seaweed. γ-tocopherol (5.86 ± 0.21 µg/g) was the most abundant tocopherol; this compound, as well as other maize-derived compounds, like ferulic acid, decreased with the addition of the seaweed. Incorporating the seaweed Macroystis pyrifera into yellow, blue, and red maize tortillas led to significant differences in the carotenoid and phenolic compound content.

La presente investigación analiza la reincorporación del maguey pulquero en las tierras de cultivo de Nopala de Villagrán, Hidalgo, desde los principios de la Economía Social Solidaria (ESS) y la Educación Popular. A través de la metodología de Investigación-Acción Participativa (IAP), se aplicó un cuestionario diagnóstico, entrevistas abiertas y recorridos territoriales para recuperar los saberes locales, las prácticas agrícolas y las formas de cooperación comunitaria asociadas al maguey.Los resultados muestran que este cultivo mantiene una presencia activa en pequeñas parcelas y conserva su multifuncionalidad —en la producción de pulque, forraje, jarabe, ixtle y delimitación de terrenos—, así como un profundo valor simbólico. La siembra con hijuelos, el uso de fases lunares y la ayuda mutua entre familias expresan la vigencia de conocimientos ancestrales y de vínculos solidarios.La investigación concluye que el maguey pulquero constituye un eje articulador de la vida rural, capaz de fortalecer la autogestión y el arraigo territorial, contribuyendo a reconstruir relaciones armónicas entre comunidad y naturaleza. Revalorarlo implica apostar por un modelo de desarrollo sustentable y descolonizador, centrado en la reproducción de la vida y no en la acumulación del capital.

A detailed Hamilton-Jacobi analysis for linearized $\lambda R$ gravity is developed. The model is constructed by rewriting linearized gravity in terms of a parameter $\lambda$ and new variables. The set of all hamiltonians is identified successfully, and the fundamental differential is established. The non-involutive hamiltonians are eliminated, and the Hamilton-Jacobi generalized brackets are calculated. Such brackets are used to report the characteristic equations, and the counting of the number of degrees of freedom is performed. We fixed the gauge to indicate an intimate closeness between the model under study and linearized gravity.

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Astrophysical observations provide compelling evidence for gravitationally interacting dark matter in the universe that cannot be explained by the standard model of particle physics. The extraordinary amount of data from the CERN LHC presents a unique opportunity to shed light on the nature of dark matter at unprecedented collision energies. This Report comprehensively reviews the most recent searches with the CMS experiment for particles and interactions belonging to a dark sector and for dark-sector mediators. Models with invisible massive particles are probed by searches for signatures of missing transverse momentum recoiling against visible standard model particles. Searches for mediators are also conducted via fully visible final states. The results of these searches are compared with those obtained from direct-detection experiments. Searches for alternative scenarios predicting more complex dark sectors with multiple new particles and new forces are also presented. Many of these models include long-lived particles, which could manifest themselves with striking unconventional signatures with relatively small amounts of background. Searches for such particles are discussed and their impact on dark-sector scenarios is evaluated. Many results and interpretations have been newly obtained for this Report.

Melanoma is currently the most aggressive skin cancer. It is currently categorized based on mutations that have been studied for their prognostic relevance. Define the epidemiology of mutations in patients with melanoma in Mexico using the Next-Generation Sequencing technology and explore its prognosis utility in terms of prognosis. A descriptive, multicentric, analytical, and retrospective study was conducted on sixteen patients with melanoma and NGS. Sixteen patients with nodular, lentiginous acral melanoma, and superficial extension were included. We found sixteen different mutations in the melanoma samples. The most frequent mutation in our population was the BRAF mutation (56.3 %); the CCND1 and NRAS mutations were found in 18.8 %. There was a statistically significant association between NRAS and mortality. Median progression-free survival was 27 months (95 % CI = 6.5-47.42 months) and median overall survival was 40.18 months (95 % CI = 19.03 - 61.3 months). The frequency of the mutations we found is similar to the ones reported in the literature, except for CD274, ROS1, and CDKN2A/B, which are more common in our population. We only found a prognostic value with NRAS, even though there is some evidence of mortality associated with other mutations. NGS is a useful tool that can detect multiple mutations in the same patient. Detecting profiles with prognostic values and mutations for targeted therapy is an option for these patients, however, the usefulness of these results must be further studied in larger cohorts.

The future of global maritime trade is being guided by the Triad generating uncontrollable infrastructure expansion. The objective of this research was to analyze the feasibility of dry canals in the American continent as sustainable development projects with fine relief from the Panama Canal. On the other hand, the success of a dry port depends on the preferences for use as a port route over its competitors. However, dry ports that are not competitive will be locally supplied. A mixed analysis was carried out to identify the feasibility criteria for dry canals, based on the quantification and estimation of statistical control variables, decision making, geopolitics and modernization. The characterization of data obtained from requirements so that a dry port can act as a detonator of sustainable and sustainable development in a cutting-edge environment. The identification of parameters of island-type port systems will be the subject of future work.

ResumenEl objetivo de la presente investigacin es determinar el impacto que tienen las operaciones en los determinantes (utilidades, ventas y nmero de trabajadores) de las micro y pequeas