Universidad del Tacana

Las inundaciones, contaminación y crisis medioambiental en las ciudades, se deben en gran medida a un mal manejo de los residuos sólidos urbanos. Un problema para el que ya existen soluciones, como el uso de las tecnologías de información geográfica (TIG). Con estas herramientas es posible optimizar las rutas de recolección, seleccionar sitios de disposición final y monitorear el entorno con drones y sistemas de información espacial. Avanzar en su desarrollo es imperativo, pero requiere que gobierno, academia, sector privado y sociedad civil colaboren en favor de una gestión de residuos más tecnificada.

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo realizar un diagnóstico de la situación actual en un Hotel ubicado en la ciudad de Tapachula, Chiapas, México para identificar los elementos a mejorar o implementar que permitieran renovar el distintivo M y obtener el distintivo M especializado. La metodología utilizada fue de tipo inductiva, el alcance fue explicativo y se utilizó el cuestionario guía de implementación del Distintivo M para la realización del diagnóstico. En el estudio se detectaron y actualizaron los documentos y procesos; se logró renovar y obtener los certificados de la distinción; con lo cual, la empresa garantiza la calidad en sus servicios y le permite tener una ventaja competitiva. Así mismo, muestra la importancia de la aplicación de los conocimientos adquiridos durante la formación profesional de ingenieros relacionados con la ingeniería de calidad en la industria turística que sobresale por su gran importancia económica en la región y en el país y marca la pauta para el diseño e implementación de aspectos normativos en los programas de estudio.

The large-scale evaluation of multiple-choice tests is a challenging task from the perspective of image processing. A typical instrument is a multiple-choice question test that employs an answer sheet with circles or squares. Once students have finished the test, the answer sheets are digitized and sent to a processing center for scoring. Operators compute each exam score manually, but this task requires considerable time. While it is true that mature algorithms exist for detecting circles under controlled conditions, they may fail in real-life applications, even when using controlled conditions for image acquisition of the answer sheets. This paper proposes a desktop application for optical mark recognition (OMR) on the scanned multiple-choice question (MCQ) test answer sheets. First, we compiled a set of answer sheet images corresponding to 6029 exams (totaling 564,040 four-option answers) applied in 2024 in Tamaulipas, Mexico. Subsequently, we developed an image-processing module that extracts answers from the answer sheets and an interface for operators to perform analysis by selecting the folder containing the exams and generating results in a tabulated format. We evaluated the image-processing module, achieving a percentage of 96.15% of exams graded without error and 99.95% of 4-option answers classified correctly. We obtained these percentages by comparing the answers generated through our system with those generated by human operators, who took an average of 2 min to produce the answers for a single answer sheet, while the automated version took an average of 1.04 s.

Quantum mechanics as the basis of quantum computing imposes an inherent complexity for practitioners not formed on quantum physics, for understanding such new paradigm of computation and getting involved in the prominent quantum world. Strong technical skills on quantum topics, mathematics and related disciplines are required to attend job positions in the labor market. Furthermore, the multidisciplinary environment where quantum computing is immersed requires soft skills to work in integrative teams. This paper presents a literature review, supported by the systematic mapping methodology, to gather the core knowledge and technical skills, as well as soft skills required to prepare students and practitioners to work on quantum computing. The results allow us to have a wide spectrum of the competences involved, enabling academic institutions and educational bodies to design individual courses or curricula blocks to prepare the workforce.

En el contexto de mejorar continuamente los servicios de salud, el hospital de la Región Soconusco, emprendió un estudio para evaluar la eficiencia operativa de sus sistemas independientes en áreas claves como Urgencias, Quirófano y Consulta Externa, entre otros. El estudio cualitativo, realizado en el pasado, implicó la recopilación y análisis de datos a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas y grupos focales como médicos, enfermeras y personal administrativo. Los módulos individuales del hospital incluyen Trabajo Social, Archivo Clínico, Estadística, Almacén, Farmacia y más, fueron examinados para identificar errores operativos y oportunidades de mejora, con el fin de preparar la integración de estos en un único sistema de información médica administrativa. El análisis de las entrevistas reveló tanto la aceptación de los sistemas existentes como los desafíos técnicos enfrentados por los usuarios, destacando la necesidad de una plataforma integrada que pueda mejorar la coordinación y el acceso a la información médica. Los hallazgos subrayaron que, aunque los módulos funcionan a niveles satisfactorios de manera independiente, su integración podría potenciar significativamente la eficiencia operativa y la calidad del cuidado al paciente. La finalidad de este estudio fue proporcionar una base empírica para el desarrollo de un sistema integral que unifique las operaciones administrativas y clínicas del hospital, asegurando que la tecnología responda adecuadamente a las necesidades del personal médico y administrativo. Este enfoque proyecta la integración de sistemas buscando facilitar una práctica médica más segura y eficiente, alineada con los estándares modernos de la gestión de salud

Mushrooms of the genus Pleurotus have shown nematophagous activity as it produces many chemical compounds and enzymes affecting parasitic nematodes. This study aimed to extract the inhibitory activity of the five strains of the fungus Pleurotus spp. It was evaluated against eggs and larvae of Haemonchus contortus. The extract of P. ostreatus obtained the highest level of inhibition of eggs at 97.6% (1341 μg/mL) followed by P. pulmonarius (EPP) at 81.2% (774 μg/mL). The extract selected for evaluation against larvae was P. pulmonarius, showing no effect for L3 larvae, but for L4 larvae an immobility effect of 56.93% was observed at 900 μg/mL. The protein profile showed the presence of 23 protein bands in the extract. The crude extract of P. pulmonarius showed degradation of tissues both inside the eggs and larvae L1. Metabolites produced by Pleurotus mushrooms can consider using in agriculture sustainable by utilizing in producing of ovicidal and larvicidal against H. contortus instead of chemical compounds.

The core objective of the study is to analyze the performance of sugarcane in terms of cost and returns and resource use efficiency. A sample of 30 Sugarcane growing farmers purposively selected at random from the Vazhavachannur and Perunduraipattu villages of Thandrampattu block of Tiruvannamalai District. Since all the sugarcane farmers use the same cultivation practices, 30 sample farmers are sufficient to represent the entire sugarcane farmers of the study area. Tools like simple average and percentage analyses were used to examine cost of cultivation, labour hours used, quantity of materials used and machine hours used by farmers in each crop production. Regression analysis was employed to measure the influence of selected explanatory variables on independent variables. Result showed that joint family constitutes about 33.00 percent and nuclear family was 67 of the total sample households. Average size of holding is 3.28 acre. Total cost of cultivation for groundnut is Rs.59376.64/acre. Gross income from groundnut is Rs.140962.50/acre. Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) of groundnut cultivation is 2.37. All the sample farmers wholly depend on the sugarcane cooperatives for selling their produce. The human labors were used for Inter cultural operation, sowing & transplanting, chemicals, fertilizer and Farm Yard Manure (FYM). FYM, chemicals, fertilizer and seed are the major inputs used in crop production. Bund Former and Rotavator is the machines used for crop production. About 89.00 percent of variation in dependent variables explained by the selected independent variables such as quantity of chemicals and labor hours for inter cultural operation.

Measuring the trends of growth and variability in agricultural production is important to understand how outputs change over time. The present study analyzed the growth and instability index of groundnuts. The study depends on secondary data, which was collected from the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare [1] for the period 1950-2022. The entire study period is divided into three sub-periods: 1950-51 to 1969-1970, 1971-1972 to 1999-2000 and 2000-2001 to 2021-2022. The compound annual growth rate, instability Index and decomposition analysis were used for the analysis. The compound annual growth rates for production, area, and yield are -0.14 percent, 1.05 percent, and 1.2 percent, respectively, groundnut production and yield are increasing and the area in India has changed throughout time. The decomposition of groundnut production in area, yield, and interaction effect showed that the yield effect was responsible for increasing the production of groundnut in India followed by the interaction effect and area effect. The results revealed that the level of instability was high in yield while it was lowest in area. The findings showed that the annual growth rate of productivity of groundnuts also shows an increasing trend during the recent period due to the availability of high-yielding cultivars and the deployment of innovative cultivation technologies. From the result, it is concluded that including the non-traditional areas increases the area under cultivation to sustain and improve groundnut production.

The study focussed on the consumption pattern of rural households to analyse household consumption expenditure on both food and non food items. The present study used the primary data collected from rural households in Vallanadu village of Thoothukudi district in Tamilnadu using the questionnaire. In demographic details,we have observed that the average family size of the household is 4.The village has almost equal population of male and female.Then the village has comparatively higher male adult than the female adult , higher male children than the female children. In profession the most of the village people has only primary income for their survival and only few people has secondary income in additional to primary income. In land holding pattern, the village has the highest wetland area for farming and food source.In cropping pattern, the major crop grown in vallanadu is paddy. In household assets, TV & Bike are the most available household assets. In Household consumption expenditure,the consumption of the cereals is comparatively higher than the pulses. In non-food expenditures, most of their income is spend for the education purpose.percapita consumption as highest for cereals with 400g and 177g per day of vegetables.