Universidad del Valle de Tlaxcala

O ensino superior tem sido desafiado a formar profissionais em contextos complexos e tecnologicamente dinâmicos. Metodologias ativas baseadas em problemas e projetos têm se destacado, mas enfrentam entraves em contextos interdisciplinares devido à ausência de processos estruturados. Este estudo descreve e analisa a aplicação da metodologia TRACE como alternativa frente a abordagens pouco sistematizadas. Os resultados revelaram avaliações positivas, com destaque para a relevância formativa. Estudantes do gênero masculino apresentaram maior escores nas dimensões Confiança e Satisfação, enquanto mulheres com vínculo de estágio obtiveram escores inferiores. Conclui-se que a TRACE favorece o engajamento e a integração teoria-prática.

Los mecanismos de Fusarium oxysporum relacionados con la degradación de componentes estructurales de la raíz, como el xilano, son muy importantes, dado que la colonización de este órgano es pieza clave en el establecimiento de la enfermedad. El presente estudio se enfocó en detectar el gen codificante para la enzima xilanasa xyl3 en cepas de F. oxysporum f. sp. vanillae y buscar homólogos a este gen en secuencias de otras formae speciales y especies del género Fusarium, con el fin de determinar las relaciones filogenéticas entre las xilanasas dentro del complejo de especies F. oxysporum, así como, buscar evidencia de selección natural en el año 2020. Los resultados indicaron que, de las nueve cepas evaluadas, solo tres tuvieron una copia del gen xyl3. La filogenia mostró ocho clados, donde el clado 3 fue consistente con la clasificación de xyl3, mientras que los otros tipos de xilanasas quedaron agrupados en el clado 2. La prueba de selección natural no mostró evidencia de selección positiva dentro de la filogenia, lo que sugiere que la mutación neutral es la responsable de la diversidad en el gen xilanasa entre el complejo de especies F. oxysporum, lo que lleva a proponer que el gen no parece haber cambiado con la colonización de nuevos hospedantes.

Sugar intake has been associated with the development of male reproductive pathologies because of the increase and dysfunction in different adipose tissue depots. The establishment of these dysfunctions in the early stages of development is unknown. We evaluated the effect of maternal (pregnancy and lactation) and male offspring (from weaning to adulthood) consumption of 5% sucrose on perigonadal adipose tissue (PAT) and testis in adulthood. Moreover, two rat groups were compared, both including pregnant and lactating females: Control (C—drinking tap water) and sugar (S—consuming 5% sucrose solution). From weaning to adulthood with male offspring, four subgroups were formed: Control Mother → Control and Sugar offspring (CC, CS) and Sugar Mother → Control and Sugar offspring (SC, SS). At 120 postnatal days, the testes and PAT were collected and morphologically described. Furthermore, we quantified the number and cross-sectional area of perigonadal adipocytes and their distribution. We found that the males from SC and SS groups showed high PAT weight (p < 0.005), a high number (p < 0.05), and a relative frequency of large adipocytes (p < 0.05), establishing these results during gestational and lactation stages, and enhancing in adulthood since postnatal diet and its interaction. More macrophages, mast cells, and Leydig cells were observed in the interstitial space of the testis for the CS, SC, and SS groups, concluding that consumption of a high-carbohydrate maternal diet, program hypertrophy processes in adult PAT, developing and enhancing with sugar consumption during postnatal life. Furthermore, they are associated with inflammatory processes within the interstitial space of the testis.